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Page last updated
Thu 04 Apr 2024

The Freshwater Mussels (Unionoida) of the World (and other less consequential bivalves)

FM(U)otW(aolcb) is the web version of the MUSSEL Project Database. Follow the links to browse the data or use the custom Google search field. Either way, you win!

Cladomics pages are experimental — even more so than the rest of this site!

The purpose of the cladomics pages for each genus and family-group level taxon is to provide statistics and references indicating the extent to which published phylogenetic work supports the classification used here.

The Cladomics Summary provides an overview of the number of studies that have included terminal species representing this taxon as well as an indication of how frequently it has been recovered as monophyletic.

Following the summary, the available published clades representing the taxon are listed.

For more information, visit the Cladomics FARQ (frequently asked rhetorical questions) page. Abbreviations for the various statistics are explained on the FARQ!

Search the database pages:

Bivalvia | Unionoida | Unionoidea | Unionidae | Unioninae | Anodontini

subtribe ALASMIDONTINA Rafinesque, 1820: cladomics
     15 genera

Cladomics Summary

number of species = 51
number of subtaxa (rank: genus) = 15

analyzed in 192 cladograms in 115 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis = 36, mean = 4.23
maximum number of subtaxa (genus) in an analysis = 13, mean = 2.95

Basic Monophyly

number of cladograms that test basic monophyly (i.e., more than 1 included species) = 157
maximum number of included terminals = 36, mean = 4.95
maximum number of subtaxa (genus) = 13, mean = 3.38
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly = 0.84

Rigorous Monophyly

number of cladograms that test rigorous monophyly = 112
(Rigorous monophyly refers to cladograms with terminal species representing more than one subtaxon (genus) taxon and at least one rigorous outgroup (subtribe).
maximum number of included terminals = 36, mean = 5.29
maximum number of subtaxa (genus) = 13, mean = 3.71
proportion of cladograms that support rigorous monophyly = 0.79


Pairwise Cladogram Clustering

The graphs below depict in two dimensions all pair-wise ingroup distances within the cladome. See the Cladmoics FARQ for more information.


PCoA Ordination


NJ tree


Whelan et al., 2023 [Publ 4287], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
36 36 34 13 8 8 2 0.0

*** Top Monophyly Cladogram ***

                                +-- Anodonta_nuttalliana            
  +-----------------------------+                                   
  |                             +-- Pseudanodonta_complanata        
  |                                                                 
  |  +----------------------------- Anodonta_anatina                
  |  |                                                              
  |  |                       +----- Utterbackia_peninsularis[2] **     
--+  |                    +--+                                      
  |  |                    |  |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis[1] **     
  |  |                    |  +--+                                   
  |  |  +-----------------+     +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **          
  |  |  |                 |                                         
  |  |  |                 |  +----- Pyganodon_grandis[2] **            
  +--+  |                 +--+                                      
     |  |                    |  +-- Pyganodon_grandis[1] **            
     |  |                    +--+                                   
     |  |                       +-- Pyganodon_lacustris **             
     |  |                                                           
     |  |                       +-- Utterbackiana_couperiana **        
     |  |                    +--+                                   
     |  |                    |  +-- Utterbackiana_heardi **            
     |  |              +-----+                                      
     |  |              |     |  +-- Utterbackiana_suborbiculata **     
     +--+              |     +--+                                   
        |              |        +-- Utterbackiana_hartfieldorum **     
        |  +-----------+                                            
        |  |           |     +----- Lasmigona_costata **               
        |  |           |  +--+                                      
        |  |           |  |  |  +-- Pseudodontoideus_subvexus **       
        |  |           |  |  +--+                                   
        |  |           +--+     +-- Pseudodontoideus_connasaugaensis **
        |  |              |                                         
        |  |              |  +----- Lasmigona_complanata **            
        |  |              +--+                                      
        |  |                 |  +-- Arcidens_confragosus **            
        |  |                 +--+                                   
        |  |                    +-- Arcidens_wheeleri **               
        +--+                                                        
           |     +----------------- Pressodonta_viridis **             
           |     |                                                  
           |  +--+              +-- Anodontoides_denigratus **         
           |  |  |  +-----------+                                   
           |  |  |  |           +-- Anodontoides_ferussacianus **      
           |  |  +--+                                               
           |  |     |  +----------- Strophitus_undulatus **            
           |  |     +--+                                            
           |  |        |  +-------- Strophitus_pascagoulaensis[2] **   
           |  |        +--+                                         
           |  |           |  +----- Strophitus_radiatus **             
           +--+           +--+                                      
              |              |  +-- Strophitus_pascagoulaensis[1] **   
              |              +--+                                   
              |                 +-- Strophitus_williamsi **            
              |                                                     
              |              +----- Prolasmidonta_heterodon **         
              |  +-----------+                                      
              |  |           |  +-- Platynaias_subviridis **           
              |  |           +--+                                   
              |  |              +-- Platynaias_compressa **            
              +--+                                                  
                 |              +-- Alasmidonta_holstonia **           
                 |  +-----------+                                   
                 |  |           +-- Alasminota_etowaensis **           
                 |  |                                               
                 +--+           +-- Alasmidonta_raveneliana **         
                    |  +--------+                                   
                    |  |        +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **           
                    |  |                                            
                    +--+        +-- Alasmidonta_varicosa **            
                       |  +-----+                                   
                       |  |     +-- Alasmidonta_uwharriensis **        
                       +--+                                         
                          |  +----- Alasmidonta_undulata **            
                          +--+                                      
                             |  +-- Alasmidonta_triangulata **         
                             +--+                                   
                                +-- Alasmidonta_arcula **              

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 2-4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
5 5 1 5 117 28 2 36.0

*** Top Sister-Group Cladogram ***

                    +-------- Pseudanodonta_complanata
                    |                                 
                    |  +----- Anodonta_cygnea         
                    +--+                              
                    |  |  +-- Anodonta_anatina        
  +-----------------+  +--+                           
  |                 |     +-- Anodonta_nuttalliana    
  |                 |                                 
  |                 |  +----- Pyganodon_grandis **       
  |                 |  |                              
  |                 |  +----- Simpsonaias_ambigua **     
  |                 +--+                              
  |                    +----- Strophitus_undulatus **    
  |                    |                              
  |                    |  +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **   
  |                    +--+                           
  |                       +-- Lasmigona_costata **       
--+                                                   
  |                       +-- Cristaria_plicata       
  |  +--------------------+                           
  |  |                    +-- Cristaria_clessini      
  |  |                                                
  |  |        +-------------- Anemina_arcaeformis     
  |  |        |                                       
  |  +--------+  +----------- Amuranodonta_kijaensis  
  |  |        |  |                                    
  |  |        +--+  +-------- Buldowskia_suifunica    
  |  |           |  |                                 
  |  |           +--+     +-- Buldowskia_flavotincta  
  +--+              |  +--+                           
     |              |  |  +-- Buldowskia_shadini      
     |              +--+                              
     |                 |  +-- Buldowskia_iwakawai     
     |                 +--+                           
     |                    +-- Buldowskia_kamiyai      
     |                                                
     |  +-------------------- Pletholophus_tenuis     
     |  |                                             
     |  |           +-------- Beringiana_japonica     
     |  |  +--------+                                 
     +--+  |        |  +----- Beringiana_beringiana   
        |  |        +--+                              
        |  |           |  +-- Beringiana_fukuharai    
        |  |           +--+                           
        +--+              +-- Beringiana_gosannensis  
           |                                          
           |              +-- Sinanodonta_angula      
           |  +-----------+                           
           |  |           +-- Sinanodonta_lucida      
           |  |                                       
           +--+  +----------- Sinanodonta_schrenkii   
              |  |                                    
              |  |        +-- Sinanodonta_calipygos   
              |  +--------+                           
              +--+        +-- Sinanodonta_tumens      
                 |                                    
                 |  +-------- Sinanodonta_woodiana[2] 
                 |  |                                 
                 +--+  +----- Sinanodonta_elliptica   
                    |  |                              
                    +--+----- Sinanodonta_jourdyi     
                       |                              
                       |  +-- Sinanodonta_lauta       
                       +--+                           
                          +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana[1] 

Whelan et al., 2023 [Publ 4287], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
28 28 26 12 1 1 1 23.0
  +-------------------------------- Anodonta_anatina                
  |                                                                 
  |                             +-- Utterbackiana_heardi **            
  |                          +--+                                   
  |                          |  +-- Utterbackiana_couperiana **        
  |  +-----------------------+                                      
--+  |                       |  +-- Utterbackiana_hartfieldorum **     
  |  |                       +--+                                   
  |  |                          +-- Utterbackiana_suborbiculata **     
  |  |                                                              
  |  |                          +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **        
  |  |  +-----------------------+                                   
  +--+  |                       +-- Pyganodon_grandis **               
     |  |                                                           
     |  |     +-------------------- Alasminota_etowaensis **           
     |  |     |                                                     
     |  |     |              +----- Pressodonta_viridis **             
     |  |  +--+  +-----------+                                      
     |  |  |  |  |           |  +-- Platynaias_subviridis **           
     |  |  |  |  |           +--+                                   
     +--+  |  |  |              +-- Prolasmidonta_heterodon **         
        |  |  +--+                                                  
        |  |     |              +-- Anodontoides_ferussacianus **      
        |  |     |  +-----------+                                   
        |  |     |  |           +-- Anodontoides_denigratus **         
        |  |     +--+                                               
        |  |        |  +----------- Strophitus_undulatus **            
        |  |        +--+                                            
        |  |           |  +-------- Strophitus_pascagoulaensis[2] **   
        |  |           +--+                                         
        +--+              |  +----- Strophitus_pascagoulaensis[1] **   
           |              +--+                                      
           |                 |  +-- Strophitus_radiatus **             
           |                 +--+                                   
           |                    +-- Strophitus_williamsi **            
           |                                                        
           |                    +-- Arcidens_confragosus **            
           |                 +--+                                   
           |                 |  +-- Arcidens_wheeleri **               
           |        +--------+                                      
           |        |        |  +-- Pseudodontoideus_connasaugaensis **
           |        |        +--+                                   
           |        |           +-- Pseudodontoideus_subvexus **       
           +--------+                                               
                    |           +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **           
                    |  +--------+                                   
                    |  |        +-- Alasmidonta_raveneliana **         
                    |  |                                            
                    +--+        +-- Alasmidonta_varicosa **            
                       |  +-----+                                   
                       |  |     +-- Alasmidonta_uwharriensis **        
                       +--+                                         
                          |  +----- Alasmidonta_undulata **            
                          +--+                                      
                             |  +-- Alasmidonta_triangulata **         
                             +--+                                   
                                +-- Alasmidonta_arcula **              

Whelan et al., 2023 [Publ 4287], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
27 27 23 11 2 2 1 38.0
                          +-- Anodonta_anatina                   
  +-----------------------+                                      
  |                       +-- Anodonta_cygnea                    
  |                                                              
  |  +----------------------- Pressodonta_viridis **                
  |  |                                                           
  |  |                 +----- Utterbackiana_couperiana **           
--+  |                 |                                         
  |  |     +-----------+  +-- Utterbackiana_heardi **               
  |  |     |           |  |                                      
  |  |     |           +--+-- Utterbackiana_hartfieldorum **        
  |  |     |              |                                      
  |  |  +--+              +-- Utterbackiana_suborbiculata **        
  |  |  |  |                                                     
  +--+  |  |  +-------------- Alasminota_etowaensis **              
     |  |  |  |                                                  
     |  |  +--+           +-- Arcidens_confragosus **               
     |  |     |  +--------+                                      
     |  |     |  |        +-- Arcidens_wheeleri **                  
     |  |     +--+                                               
     |  |        |  +-------- Pseudodontoideus_connasaugaensis[3] **
     |  |        +--+                                            
     |  |           |  +----- Pseudodontoideus_connasaugaensis[2] **
     |  |           +--+                                         
     +--+              |  +-- Pseudodontoideus_subvexus **          
        |              +--+                                      
        |                 +-- Pseudodontoideus_connasaugaensis[1] **
        |                                                        
        |              +----- Alasmidonta_raveneliana **            
        |              |                                         
        |              |  +-- Alasmidonta_uwharriensis **           
        |  +-----------+--+                                      
        |  |           |  +-- Alasmidonta_varicosa **               
        |  |           |                                         
        |  |           |  +-- Alasmidonta_arcula **                 
        |  |           +--+                                      
        +--+              +-- Alasmidonta_triangulata **            
           |                                                     
           |  +-------------- Platynaias_subviridis **              
           |  |                                                  
           |  |     +-------- Strophitus_pascagoulaensis **         
           |  |  +--+                                            
           +--+  |  |  +----- Strophitus_undulatus **               
              |  |  +--+                                         
              |  |     |  +-- Strophitus_radiatus **                
              |  |     +--+                                      
              +--+        +-- Strophitus_williamsi **               
                 |                                               
                 |        +-- Pyganodon_grandis **                  
                 |  +-----+                                      
                 |  |     +-- Pyganodon_cataracta **                
                 +--+                                            
                    |  +----- Utterbackia_peninsularis **           
                    +--+                                         
                       |  +-- Anodontoides_ferussacianus **         
                       +--+                                      
                          +-- Anodontoides_denigratus **            

Smith et al., 2018 [Publ 3790], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
18 18 16 8 1 1 1 25.0
  +-------------------- Cristaria_plicata               
  |                                                     
  |                 +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **        
  |  +--------------+                                   
  |  |              +-- Pyganodon_grandis **               
--+  |                                                  
  |  |              +-- Anodontoides_ferussacianus **      
  |  |     +--------+                                   
  |  |     |        +-- Anodontoides_denigratus **         
  |  |     |                                            
  +--+  +--+     +----- Strophitus_pascagoulaensis **      
     |  |  |  +--+                                      
     |  |  |  |  |  +-- Strophitus_radiatus **             
     |  |  |  |  +--+                                   
     |  |  +--+     +-- Strophitus_williamsi **            
     |  |     |                                         
     |  |     |  +----- Strophitus_howellsi[2] **          
     |  |     +--+                                      
     +--+        |  +-- Strophitus_undulatus **            
        |        +--+                                   
        |           +-- Strophitus_howellsi[1] **          
        |                                               
        |           +-- Alasmidonta_triangulata **         
        |  +--------+                                   
        |  |        +-- Alasminota_etowaensis **           
        |  |                                            
        +--+        +-- Pseudodontoideus_connasaugaensis **
           |  +-----+                                   
           |  |     +-- Pseudodontoideus_subvexus **       
           |  |                                         
           +--+     +-- Utterbackiana_couperiana **        
              |  +--+                                   
              |  |  +-- Utterbackiana_heardi **            
              +--+                                      
                 |  +-- Utterbackiana_hartfieldorum **     
                 +--+                                   
                    +-- Utterbackiana_suborbiculata **     

Inoue et al., 2018 [Publ 3858], fig. 1, 3a-c

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
17 21 0 9 188 4 2 39.0
  +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **      
  |                              
  +-- Prolasmidonta_heterodon **    
  |                              
  +-- Alasmidonta_undulata **       
  |                              
  +-- Beringiana_beringiana      
  |                              
  +-- Anodonta_kennerlyi         
  |                              
  +-- Anodonta_nuttalliana       
  |                              
  +-- Anodonta_oregonensis       
  |                              
  +-- Arcidens_confragosus **       
  |                              
  +-- Arcidens_wheeleri **          
  |                              
  +-- Lasmigona_complanata **       
  |                              
--+-- Platynaias_compressa **       
  |                              
  +-- Lasmigona_costata **          
  |                              
  +-- Platynaias_decorata **        
  |                              
  +-- Platynaias_subviridis **      
  |                              
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **          
  |                              
  +-- Pyganodon_lacustris **        
  |                              
  +-- Pseudodontoideus_subvexus **  
  |                              
  +-- Strophitus_undulatus **       
  |                              
  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **     
  |                              
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis[1] **
  |                              
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis[2] **

Inoue et al., 2014 [Publ 3635], fig. 3A

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
15 15 13 8 6 0 0 28.0
        +----------- Pseudodontoideus_subvexus **  
  +-----+                                       
  |     |  +-------- Lasmigona_costata **          
  |     +--+                                    
  |        |  +----- Lasmigona_complanata **       
  |        +--+                                 
  |           |  +-- Arcidens_confragosus **       
--+           +--+                              
  |              +-- Arcidens_wheeleri **          
  |                                             
  |  +-------------- Strophitus_undulatus **       
  |  |                                          
  |  |     +-------- Pyganodon_grandis **          
  |  |  +--+                                    
  +--+  |  |  +----- Utterbackia_peninsularis[2] **
     |  |  +--+                                 
     |  |     |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **     
     |  |     +--+                              
     +--+        +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis[1] **
        |                                       
        |        +-- Platynaias_compressa **       
        |  +-----+                              
        |  |     +-- Platynaias_subviridis **      
        +--+                                    
           |  +----- Alasmidonta_marginata **      
           +--+                                 
              |  +-- Alasmidonta_undulata **       
              +--+                              
                 +-- Alasmidonta_varicosa **       

Zanatta et al., 2007 [Publ 2698], fig. 1A

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
14 16 10 5 2 2 1 39.0
                    +-- Platynaias_compressa **       
                    |                              
  +-----------------+-- Lasmigona_costata **          
  |                 |                              
  |                 +-- Lasmigona_complanata **       
  |                                                
--+  +----------------- Anodonta_cygnea            
  |  |                                             
  |  |     +----------- Anodonta_kennerlyi         
  |  |  +--+                                       
  +--+  |  |  +-------- Utterbackiana_implicata **    
     |  |  +--+                                    
     |  |     |  +----- Utterbackiana_suborbiculata **
     |  |     +--+                                 
     |  |        |  +-- Utterbackiana_heardi **       
     +--+        +--+                              
        |           +-- Utterbackiana_couperiana **   
        |                                          
        |           +-- Utterbackia_peggyae **        
        |        +--+                              
        |        |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **     
        |        |                                 
        +--------+  +-- Pyganodon_gibbosa **          
                 |  |                              
                 |  +-- Pyganodon_cataracta **        
                 |  |                              
                 +--+-- Pyganodon_fragilis **         
                    |                              
                    +-- Pyganodon_grandis **          
                    |                              
                    +-- Pyganodon_lacustris **        

Zanatta et al., 2007 [Publ 2698], fig. 1B

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
14 16 13 5 2 2 1 41.0
                    +-- Lasmigona_costata **          
                    |                              
  +-----------------+-- Platynaias_compressa **       
  |                 |                              
  |                 +-- Lasmigona_complanata **       
  |                                                
  |     +-------------- Anodonta_cygnea            
  |  +--+                                          
--+  |  |  +----------- Anodonta_kennerlyi         
  |  |  +--+                                       
  |  |     |  +-------- Utterbackiana_implicata **    
  |  |     +--+                                    
  |  |        |  +----- Utterbackiana_heardi **       
  |  |        +--+                                 
  +--+           |  +-- Utterbackiana_suborbiculata **
     |           +--+                              
     |              +-- Utterbackiana_couperiana **   
     |                                             
     |              +-- Utterbackia_peggyae **        
     |  +-----------+                              
     |  |           +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **     
     +--+                                          
        |  +----------- Pyganodon_lacustris **        
        +--+                                       
           |  +-------- Pyganodon_grandis **          
           +--+                                    
              |  +----- Pyganodon_fragilis **         
              +--+                                 
                 |  +-- Pyganodon_gibbosa **          
                 +--+                              
                    +-- Pyganodon_cataracta **        

Hoeh, 1990 [Publ 2717], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
14 16 13 5 2 2 1 41.0
                    +-- Lasmigona_complanata **       
                    |                              
  +-----------------+-- Platynaias_compressa **       
  |                 |                              
  |                 +-- Lasmigona_costata **          
  |                                                
  |     +-------------- Anodonta_cygnea            
  |  +--+                                          
--+  |  |  +----------- Anodonta_kennerlyi         
  |  |  +--+                                       
  |  |     |  +-------- Utterbackiana_implicata **    
  |  |     +--+                                    
  |  |        |  +----- Utterbackiana_couperiana[2] **
  |  |        +--+                                 
  +--+           |  +-- Utterbackiana_suborbiculata **
     |           +--+                              
     |              +-- Utterbackiana_couperiana[1] **
     |                                             
     |              +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **     
     |  +-----------+                              
     |  |           +-- Utterbackia_peggyae **        
     +--+                                          
        |  +----------- Pyganodon_lacustris **        
        +--+                                       
           |  +-------- Pyganodon_grandis **          
           +--+                                    
              |  +----- Pyganodon_fragilis **         
              +--+                                 
                 |  +-- Pyganodon_cataracta **        
                 +--+                              
                    +-- Pyganodon_gibbosa **          

Hoeh, 1990 [Publ 2717], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
14 16 2 5 2 2 1 43.0
  +----- Pyganodon_fragilis **         
  |                                 
  +----- Utterbackia_imbecillis **     
  |                                 
  +----- Utterbackia_peggyae **        
  |                                 
  +----- Anodonta_cygnea            
  |                                 
  +----- Anodonta_kennerlyi         
  |                                 
  +----- Utterbackiana_couperiana[1] **
  |                                 
--+----- Utterbackiana_couperiana[2] **
  |                                 
  +----- Utterbackiana_suborbiculata **
  |                                 
  |  +-- Lasmigona_costata **          
  +--+                              
  |  +-- Utterbackiana_implicata **    
  |                                 
  |  +-- Lasmigona_complanata **       
  |  |                              
  |  +-- Platynaias_compressa **       
  |  |                              
  |  +-- Pyganodon_cataracta **        
  +--+                              
     +-- Pyganodon_gibbosa **          
     |                              
     +-- Pyganodon_grandis **          
     |                              
     +-- Pyganodon_lacustris **        

Hoeh, 1990 [Publ 2717], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
14 16 13 5 2 2 1 41.0
                    +-- Lasmigona_complanata **       
                    |                              
  +-----------------+-- Platynaias_compressa **       
  |                 |                              
  |                 +-- Lasmigona_costata **          
  |                                                
  |     +-------------- Anodonta_cygnea            
  |  +--+                                          
--+  |  |  +----------- Anodonta_kennerlyi         
  |  |  +--+                                       
  |  |     |  +-------- Utterbackiana_implicata **    
  |  |     +--+                                    
  |  |        |  +----- Utterbackiana_couperiana[2] **
  |  |        +--+                                 
  +--+           |  +-- Utterbackiana_suborbiculata **
     |           +--+                              
     |              +-- Utterbackiana_couperiana[1] **
     |                                             
     |              +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **     
     |     +--------+                              
     |     |        +-- Utterbackia_peggyae **        
     +-----+                                       
           |  +-------- Pyganodon_fragilis **         
           |  |                                    
           +--+     +-- Pyganodon_cataracta **        
              |  +--+                              
              |  |  +-- Pyganodon_gibbosa **          
              +--+                                 
                 |  +-- Pyganodon_lacustris **        
                 +--+                              
                    +-- Pyganodon_grandis **          

Breton et al., 2011 [Publ 3376], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
12 12 10 6 27 1 1 29.0
  +-------------------- Cristaria_plicata          
  |                                                
  |                 +-- Lasmigona_complanata **       
--+  +--------------+                              
  |  |              +-- Lasmigona_costata **          
  |  |                                             
  +--+  +-------------- Strophitus_undulatus **       
     |  |                                          
     |  |           +-- Platynaias_compressa **       
     |  |        +--+                              
     +--+        |  +-- Platynaias_subviridis **      
        |  +-----+                                 
        |  |     |  +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **      
        |  |     +--+                              
        |  |        +-- Alasmidonta_undulata **       
        +--+                                       
           |        +-- Pyganodon_lacustris **        
           |  +-----+                              
           |  |     +-- Pyganodon_grandis **          
           +--+                                    
              |  +----- Utterbackia_peninsularis[2] **
              +--+                                 
                 |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis[1] **
                 +--+                              
                    +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **     

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3847], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
12 12 10 6 27 3 2 27.0
  +-------------------- Sinanodonta_woodiana       
  |                                                
  |                 +-- Anodonta_cygnea            
  |  +--------------+                              
--+  |              +-- Anodonta_anatina           
  |  |                                             
  |  |              +-- Pyganodon_lacustris **        
  |  |        +-----+                              
  +--+        |     +-- Pyganodon_grandis **          
     |  +-----+                                    
     |  |     |  +----- Utterbackia_peninsularis[2] **
     |  |     +--+                                 
     |  |        |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis[1] **
     |  |        +--+                              
     +--+           +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **     
        |                                          
        |           +-- Lasmigona_costata **          
        |  +--------+                              
        |  |        +-- Lasmigona_complanata **       
        |  |                                       
        +--+        +-- Alasmidonta_undulata **       
           |  +-----+                              
           |  |     +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **      
           +--+                                    
              |  +----- Strophitus_undulatus **       
              +--+                                 
                 |  +-- Platynaias_compressa **       
                 +--+                              
                    +-- Platynaias_subviridis **      

Krebs et al., 2003 [Publ 2691], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
9 10 5 7 25 1 1 33.0
  +----------- Utterbackiana_couperiana **
  |                                    
  +----------- Platynaias_compressa **    
  |                                    
  +----------- Alasmidonta_triangulata ** 
  |                                    
--+        +-- Lasmigona_complanata **    
  +--------+                           
  |        +-- Lasmigona_costata **       
  |                                    
  |        +-- Strophitus_radiatus **     
  |  +-----+                           
  |  |     +-- Strophitus_undulatus **    
  +--+                                 
     |  +----- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
     +--+                              
        |  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **       
        +--+                           
           +-- Anodonta                

King et al., 1999 [Publ 2699], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
9 9 7 5 0 0 0 31.0
              +-- Pyganodon_grandis **      
  +-----------+                          
  |           +-- Pyganodon_fragilis **     
  |                                      
--+        +----- Lasmigona_costata **      
  |  +-----+                             
  |  |     |  +-- Lasmigona_complanata **   
  |  |     +--+                          
  +--+        +-- Lasmigona_alabamensis **  
     |                                   
     |  +-------- Strophitus_undulatus **   
     +--+                                
        |  +----- Prolasmidonta_heterodon **
        +--+                             
           |  +-- Platynaias_subviridis **  
           +--+                          
              +-- Platynaias_compressa **   

King et al., 1999 [Publ 2699], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
9 9 3 4 0 0 0 32.0
        +-- Lasmigona_complanata **    
  +-----+                           
  |     +-- Lasmigona_costata **       
  |                                 
--+  +----- Prolasmidonta_heterodon ** 
  |  |                              
  |  +----- Strophitus_undulatus **    
  |  |                              
  +--+  +-- Platynaias_compressa **    
     |  |                           
     |  +-- Platynaias_subviridis[1] **
     |  |                           
     +--+-- Platynaias_subviridis[2] **
        |                           
        +-- Platynaias_subviridis[3] **
        |                           
        +-- Platynaias_subviridis[4] **

Boyer et al., 2011 [Publ 2718], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
9 9 6 8 29 0 0 38.0
  +-------------- Strophitus_undulatus **      
  |                                         
  |        +----- Lasmigona_complanata **      
--+  +-----+                                
  |  |     |  +-- Lasmigona_costata **         
  |  |     +--+                             
  +--+        +-- Arcidens_confragosus **      
     |                                      
     |  +-------- Utterbackia_imbecillis **    
     |  |                                   
     +--+-------- Alasmidonta_marginata **     
        |                                   
        |  +----- Pyganodon_grandis **         
        +--+                                
           |  +-- Anodontoides_ferussacianus **
           +--+                             
              +-- Platynaias_compressa **      

Chong et al., 2008 [Publ 2668], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
8 21 10 7 13 12 2 45.0
  +----------------- Anodonta_cygnea          
  |                                           
  +----------------- Pyganodon_fragilis **       
  |                                           
  +----------------- Alasmidonta_holstonia **    
  |                                           
  +----------------- Anodonta_anatina         
  |                                           
  +----------------- Unio_tumidus             
  |                                           
  |              +-- Anodonta_nuttalliana     
  +--------------+                            
  |              +-- Anodonta_californiensis  
  |                                           
--+              +-- Beringiana_beringiana    
  +--------------+                            
  |              +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana     
  |                                           
  |              +-- Pseudodontoideus_subvexus **
  |              |                            
  +--------------+-- Alasmidonta_marginata **    
  |              |                            
  |              +-- Lasmigona_complanata **     
  |                                           
  |  +-------------- Pseudanodonta_complanata 
  |  |                                        
  |  |        +----- Strophitus_undulatus **     
  |  +--------+                               
  +--+        |  +-- Prolasmidonta_heterodon **  
     |        +--+                            
     |           +-- Platynaias_compressa **     
     |                                        
     |  +----------- Anodonta_oregonensis[4]  
     +--+                                     
        |  +-------- Anodonta_oregonensis[3]  
        +--+                                  
           |  +----- Anodonta_oregonensis[2]  
           +--+                               
              |  +-- Anodonta_oregonensis[1]  
              +--+                            
                 +-- Anodonta_kennerlyi       

Cyr et al., 2007 [Publ 2745], fig. 2C

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
8 8 3 1 1 1 1 38.0
  +----------- Pseudanodonta_complanata
  |                                    
  |        +-- Pyganodon_grandis **       
--+  +-----+                           
  |  |     +-- Pyganodon[1] **            
  |  |                                 
  +--+  +----- Pyganodon[3] **            
     |  |                              
     |  |  +-- Pyganodon_cataracta[1] **  
     +--+  |                           
        |  +-- Pyganodon_fragilis[1] **   
        |  |                           
        +--+-- Pyganodon[2] **            
           |                           
           +-- Pyganodon_cataracta[2] **  
           |                           
           +-- Pyganodon_fragilis[2] **   

Hoeh et al., 1995 [Publ 3391], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
7 7 4 2 0 0 0 35.0
     +----- Utterbackia_peggyae **     
  +--+                              
  |  |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
  |  +--+                           
--+     +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
  |                                 
  |  +----- Pyganodon_lacustris **     
  |  |                              
  +--+----- Pyganodon_grandis **       
     |                              
     |  +-- Pyganodon_cataracta **     
     +--+                           
        +-- Pyganodon_fragilis **      

Inoue et al., 2014 [Publ 3635], fig. 3B

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
7 7 2 3 1 0 0 35.0
  +-------- Pyganodon_grandis **    
  |                              
  +-------- Pyganodon_cataracta **  
  |                              
--+-------- Pyganodon_fragilis **   
  |                              
  +-------- Pyganodon **            
  |                              
  |  +----- Platynaias_subviridis **
  +--+                           
     |  +-- Arcidens_confragosus ** 
     +--+                        
        +-- Arcidens_wheeleri **    

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
7 11 4 6 197 13 2 37.0
     +-------------------- Anemina_arcaeformis     
     |                                             
  +--+  +----------------- Cristaria_plicata       
  |  |  |                                          
  |  +--+  +-------------- Pletholophus_tenuis     
  |     |  |                                       
  |     +--+           +-- Sinanodonta_angula      
  |        |  +--------+                           
  |        |  |        +-- Sinanodonta_lucida      
  |        +--+                                    
  |           |  +-------- Sinanodonta_woodiana[2] 
  |           +--+                                 
  |              |  +----- Sinanodonta_jourdyi     
  |              +--+                              
--+                 |  +-- Sinanodonta_elliptica   
  |                 +--+                           
  |                    +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana[1] 
  |                                                
  |              +-------- Alasmidonta_marginata **   
  |              |                                 
  |              +-------- Lasmigona_costata **       
  |              |                                 
  |              +-------- Pseudanodonta_complanata
  |              |                                 
  |              +-------- Simpsonaias_ambigua **     
  |              |                                 
  +--------------+-------- Strophitus_undulatus **    
                 |                                 
                 |  +----- Anodonta_anatina        
                 +--+                              
                 |  |  +-- Anodonta_cygnea         
                 |  +--+                           
                 |     +-- Anodonta_nuttalliana    
                 |                                 
                 |  +----- Pyganodon_grandis **       
                 +--+                              
                    |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
                    +--+                           
                       +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
7 11 8 6 194 13 2 39.0
     +-------------------- Anemina_arcaeformis     
     |                                             
  +--+  +----------------- Cristaria_plicata       
  |  |  |                                          
  |  +--+  +-------------- Pletholophus_tenuis     
  |     |  |                                       
  |     +--+           +-- Sinanodonta_angula      
  |        |  +--------+                           
  |        |  |        +-- Sinanodonta_lucida      
  |        +--+                                    
  |           |  +-------- Sinanodonta_woodiana[2] 
  |           +--+                                 
  |              |  +----- Sinanodonta_jourdyi     
--+              +--+                              
  |                 |  +-- Sinanodonta_elliptica   
  |                 +--+                           
  |                    +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana[1] 
  |                                                
  |                    +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **   
  |           +--------+                           
  |           |        +-- Lasmigona_costata **       
  |           |                                    
  |           |     +----- Anodonta_anatina        
  |           +-----+                              
  |           |     |  +-- Anodonta_cygnea         
  +-----------+     +--+                           
              |        +-- Anodonta_nuttalliana    
              |                                    
              |     +----- Pseudanodonta_complanata
              |  +--+                              
              |  |  |  +-- Simpsonaias_ambigua **     
              |  |  +--+                           
              +--+     +-- Strophitus_undulatus **    
                 |                                 
                 |  +----- Pyganodon_grandis **       
                 +--+                              
                    |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
                    +--+                           
                       +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
7 44 21 6 195 13 2 68.0
  +----------------- Acuticosta_chinensis       
  |                                             
  +----------------- Alasmidonta_marginata **      
  |                                             
  +----------------- Anodonta_anatina           
  |                                             
  +----------------- Anemina_arcaeformis        
  |                                             
  +----------------- Anodonta_cygnea            
  |                                             
  +----------------- Cristaria_plicata          
  |                                             
  +----------------- Anodonta_nuttalliana       
  |                                             
  +----------------- Lasmigona_costata **          
  |                                             
  +----------------- Lepidodesma_languilati     
  |                                             
  +----------------- Pseudanodonta_complanata   
  |                                             
  +----------------- Pyganodon_grandis **          
  |                                             
  +----------------- Simpsonaias_ambigua **        
  |                                             
  +----------------- Strophitus_undulatus **       
  |                                             
  |              +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus  
  +--------------+                              
  |              +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus     
  |                                             
  |              +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **     
  +--------------+                              
  |              +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **   
  |                                             
  |        +-------- Lanceolaria_gladiola       
  +--------+                                    
  |        |  +----- Lanceolaria_grayii         
  |        +--+                                 
--+           |  +-- Lanceolaria_lanceolata     
  |           +--+                              
  |              +-- Lanceolaria_triformis      
  |                                             
  |        +-------- Unio_tumidus               
  +--------+                                    
  |        |  +----- Unio_crassus               
  |        +--+                                 
  |           |  +-- Unio_delphinus             
  |           +--+                              
  |              +-- Unio_pictorum              
  |                                             
  |        +-------- Aculamprotula_tortuosa     
  |        |                                    
  +--------+     +-- Aculamprotula_coreana      
  |        |  +--+                              
  |        |  |  +-- Aculamprotula_scripta      
  |        +--+                                 
  |           |  +-- Aculamprotula_fibrosa      
  |           +--+                              
  |              +-- Aculamprotula_tientsinensis
  |                                             
  |        +-------- Cuneopsis_heudei           
  |        |                                    
  |        +-------- Cuneopsis_celtiformis      
  |        |                                    
  +--------+-------- Tchangsinaia_piscicula     
  |        |                                    
  |        +-------- Cuneopsis_rufescens        
  |        |                                    
  |        |  +----- Nodularia_douglasiae[2]    
  |        +--+                                 
  |           |  +-- Nodularia_douglasiae[1]    
  |           +--+                              
  |              +-- Nodularia_nuxpersicae      
  |                                             
  |  +-------------- Pletholophus_tenuis        
  |  |                                          
  +--+           +-- Sinanodonta_angula         
     |  +--------+                              
     |  |        +-- Sinanodonta_lucida         
     +--+                                       
        |  +-------- Sinanodonta_woodiana[1]    
        +--+                                    
           |  +----- Sinanodonta_jourdyi        
           +--+                                 
              |  +-- Sinanodonta_elliptica      
              +--+                              
                 +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana[2]    

Smith et al., 2023 [Publ 4291], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
7 7 5 2 0 0 0 33.0
           +-- Anodontoides_ferussacianus **
  +--------+                             
  |        +-- Anodontoides_denigratus **   
  |                                      
--+        +-- Strophitus_undulatus **      
  |  +-----+                             
  |  |     +-- Strophitus_howellsi **       
  +--+                                   
     |  +----- Strophitus_pascagoulaensis **
     +--+                                
        |  +-- Strophitus_radiatus **       
        +--+                             
           +-- Strophitus_williamsi **      

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4, S5-aa

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
7 7 5 6 89 12 2 33.0
           +----- Cristaria_plicata       
     +-----+                              
     |     |  +-- Anemina_arcaeformis     
     |     +--+                           
  +--+        +-- Anemina_euscaphys       
  |  |                                    
  |  |  +-------- Beringiana_fukuharai    
  |  +--+                                 
  |     |  +----- Sinanodonta_lucida      
  |     +--+                              
  |        |  +-- Sinanodonta_tumens      
  |        +--+                           
  |           +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana    
--+                                       
  |           +-- Anodonta_nuttalliana    
  |     +-----+                           
  |     |     +-- Pseudanodonta_complanata
  |  +--+                                 
  |  |  |  +----- Anodonta_anatina        
  |  |  +--+                              
  |  |     |  +-- Anodonta_cygnea         
  |  |     +--+                           
  |  |        +-- Anodonta_exulcerata     
  +--+                                    
     |     +----- Pyganodon_grandis **       
     |  +--+                              
     |  |  |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
     |  |  +--+                           
     |  |     +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
     +--+                                 
        |     +-- Alasmidonta_varicosa **    
        |  +--+                           
        |  |  +-- Platynaias_compressa **    
        +--+                              
           |  +-- Prolasmidonta_heterodon ** 
           +--+                           
              +-- Lasmigona_complanata **    

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4, S5-nt

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
7 7 5 6 90 12 2 31.0
  +----------------- Anodonta_nuttalliana    
  |                                          
  +----------------- Pseudanodonta_complanata
  |                                          
--+  +-------------- Anodonta_cygnea         
  |  |                                       
  |  |           +-- Anodonta_exulcerata     
  |  +-----------+                           
  |  |           +-- Anodonta_anatina        
  +--+                                       
     |        +----- Pyganodon_grandis **       
     |  +-----+                              
     |  |     |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
     |  |     +--+                           
     +--+        +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
        |                                    
        |  +-------- Lasmigona_complanata **    
        +--+                                 
           |  +----- Prolasmidonta_heterodon ** 
           +--+                              
              |  +-- Alasmidonta_varicosa **    
              +--+                           
                 +-- Platynaias_compressa **    

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8a, S1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
7 7 5 6 85 12 2 31.0
           +-------- Pseudanodonta_complanata
  +--------+                                 
  |        |  +----- Anodonta_anatina        
  |        +--+                              
  |           |  +-- Anodonta_cygnea         
  |           +--+                           
--+              +-- Anodonta_exulcerata     
  |                                          
  |  +-------------- Anodonta_nuttalliana    
  |  |                                       
  |  |        +----- Pyganodon_grandis **       
  +--+  +-----+                              
     |  |     |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
     |  |     +--+                           
     +--+        +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
        |                                    
        |  +-------- Lasmigona_complanata **    
        +--+                                 
           |  +----- Prolasmidonta_heterodon ** 
           +--+                              
              |  +-- Alasmidonta_varicosa **    
              +--+                           
                 +-- Platynaias_compressa **    

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8b, S2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
7 7 5 6 85 12 2 31.0
  +----------------- Anodonta_nuttalliana    
  |                                          
  |        +-------- Pseudanodonta_complanata
  |  +-----+                                 
--+  |     |  +----- Anodonta_anatina        
  |  |     +--+                              
  |  |        |  +-- Anodonta_cygnea         
  |  |        +--+                           
  +--+           +-- Anodonta_exulcerata     
     |                                       
     |        +----- Pyganodon_grandis **       
     |  +-----+                              
     |  |     |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
     |  |     +--+                           
     +--+        +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
        |                                    
        |  +-------- Lasmigona_complanata **    
        +--+                                 
           |  +----- Prolasmidonta_heterodon ** 
           +--+                              
              |  +-- Alasmidonta_varicosa **    
              +--+                           
                 +-- Platynaias_compressa **    

Lydeard et al., 1996 [Publ 2656], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
6 6 4 5 21 0 0 38.0
     +----- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
  +--+                              
  |  |  +-- Utterbackiana_couperiana **
  |  +--+                           
--+     +-- Utterbackiana **           
  |                                 
  |  +----- Strophitus_radiatus **     
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Lasmigona_costata **       
     +--+                           
        +-- Alasmidonta_triangulata ** 

Boyer et al., 2011 [Publ 2718], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
6 6 2 5 29 0 0 34.0
  +----- Alasmidonta_marginata **
  |                           
  +----- Pyganodon_grandis **    
  |                           
--+  +-- Lasmigona_complanata ** 
  +--+                        
  |  +-- Lasmigona_costata **    
  |                           
  |  +-- Platynaias_compressa ** 
  +--+                        
     +-- Strophitus_undulatus ** 

Hewitt et al., 2018 [Publ 3758], fig. 5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
6 6 3 5 3 0 0 31.0
  +-------- Pyganodon_grandis **    
  |                              
  |     +-- Platynaias_subviridis **
--+-----+                        
  |     +-- Strophitus_undulatus ** 
  |                              
  |  +----- Lasmigona_costata **    
  +--+                           
     |  +-- Arcidens_wheeleri **    
     +--+                        
        +-- Lasmigona_complanata ** 

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
6 6 4 5 67 14 2 30.0
           +-- Anodonta_cygnea         
  +--------+                           
  |        +-- Anodonta_anatina        
  |                                    
--+     +----- Alasmidonta_varicosa **    
  |  +--+                              
  |  |  |  +-- Prolasmidonta_heterodon ** 
  |  |  +--+                           
  +--+     +-- Platynaias_compressa **    
     |                                 
     |  +----- Pyganodon_grandis **       
     +--+                              
        |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
        +--+                           
           +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
6 6 4 5 66 14 2 30.0
           +-- Anodonta_anatina        
  +--------+                           
  |        +-- Anodonta_cygnea         
  |                                    
--+     +----- Pyganodon_grandis **       
  |  +--+                              
  |  |  |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
  |  |  +--+                           
  +--+     +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
     |                                 
     |  +----- Alasmidonta_varicosa **    
     +--+                              
        |  +-- Platynaias_compressa **    
        +--+                           
           +-- Prolasmidonta_heterodon ** 

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
6 6 4 5 66 14 2 30.0
           +-- Anodonta_cygnea         
  +--------+                           
  |        +-- Anodonta_anatina        
  |                                    
--+     +----- Alasmidonta_varicosa **    
  |  +--+                              
  |  |  |  +-- Prolasmidonta_heterodon ** 
  |  |  +--+                           
  +--+     +-- Platynaias_compressa **    
     |                                 
     |  +----- Pyganodon_grandis **       
     +--+                              
        |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
        +--+                           
           +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Chen et al., 2020 [Publ 4170], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
6 34 32 5 28 5 2 65.0
                       +----- Prolasmidonta_heterodon **   
                    +--+                                
                    |  |  +-- Alasmidonta_varicosa **      
                    |  +--+                             
                    |     +-- Anemina_euscaphys         
  +-----------------+                                   
  |                 |     +-- Lamprotula_caveata        
  |                 |  +--+                             
  |                 |  |  +-- Chamberlainia_somsakpanhai
  |                 +--+                                
  |                    |  +-- Pseudodon_vondembuschianus
  |                    +--+                             
  |                       +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis     
  |                                                     
  |                 +-------- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus 
  |           +-----+                                   
  |           |     |  +----- Lepidodesma_languilati    
  |           |     +--+                                
--+           |        |  +-- Aculamprotula_coreana     
  |           |        +--+                             
  |  +--------+           +-- Aculamprotula_tortuosa    
  |  |        |                                         
  |  |        |        +----- Platynaias_compressa **      
  |  |        |  +-----+                                
  |  |        |  |     |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **    
  |  |        |  |     +--+                             
  |  |        +--+        +-- Pyganodon_grandis **         
  |  |           |                                      
  |  |           |  +-------- Sinanodonta_lucida        
  |  |           +--+                                   
  |  |              |  +----- Cristaria_plicata         
  |  |              +--+                                
  +--+                 |  +-- Anodonta_cygnea           
     |                 +--+                             
     |                    +-- Anodonta_anatina          
     |                                                  
     |     +----------------- Gibbosula_crassa          
     |  +--+                                            
     |  |  |  +-------------- Quadrula_quadrula         
     |  |  +--+                                         
     |  |     |  +----------- Toxolasma_parvum          
     |  |     +--+                                      
     |  |        |  +-------- Lampsilis_ornata          
     |  |        +--+                                   
     |  |           |  +----- Potamilus_leptodon        
     +--+           +--+                                
        |              |  +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea     
        |              +--+                             
        |                 +-- Lampsilis_powellii        
        |                                               
        |                 +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **  
        |  +--------------+                             
        |  |              +-- Potamilus_alatus          
        +--+                                            
           |  +-------------- Lamprotula_leaii          
           |  |                                         
           +--+           +-- Sinohyriopsis_cumingii    
              |  +--------+                             
              |  |        +-- Sinohyriopsis_schlegelii  
              +--+                                      
                 |  +-------- Parvasolenaia_rivularis   
                 +--+                                   
                    |  +----- Sinosolenaia_carinata     
                    +--+                                
                       |  +-- Sinosolenaia_iridinea     
                       +--+                             
                          +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora     

Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2648], fig. 2A

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
5 5 3 4 25 1 1 37.0
  +----------- Anodonta_cygnea      
  |                                 
--+        +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **
  |  +-----+                        
  |  |     +-- Lasmigona_costata **    
  +--+                              
     |  +----- Strophitus_undulatus ** 
     +--+                           
        |  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **    
        +--+                        
           +-- Pyganodon_fragilis **   

Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2648], fig. 2B

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
5 5 3 4 25 1 1 37.0
  +----------- Anodonta_cygnea      
  |                                 
--+        +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **
  |  +-----+                        
  |  |     +-- Lasmigona_costata **    
  +--+                              
     |  +----- Strophitus_undulatus ** 
     +--+                           
        |  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **    
        +--+                        
           +-- Pyganodon_fragilis **   

Lydeard et al., 1996 [Publ 2656], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
5 6 4 5 23 1 1 38.0
     +----- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
  +--+                              
  |  |  +-- Utterbackiana_couperiana **
  |  +--+                           
--+     +-- Anodonta                
  |                                 
  |  +----- Strophitus_radiatus **     
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Lasmigona_costata **       
     +--+                           
        +-- Alasmidonta_triangulata ** 

Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
5 5 3 5 29 2 1 37.0
              +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana    
  +-----------+                           
  |           +-- Cristaria_plicata       
--+                                       
  |  +----------- Utterbackiana_couperiana **
  +--+                                    
     |  +-------- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
     +--+                                 
        |  +----- Strophitus_radiatus **     
        +--+                              
           |  +-- Alasmidonta_triangulata ** 
           +--+                           
              +-- Lasmigona_costata **       

Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
5 14 5 5 29 2 1 44.0
  +-------- Strophitus_radiatus **      
  |                                  
  +-------- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus
  |                                  
  +-------- Lepidodesma_languilati   
  |                                  
  +-------- Acuticosta_ovata         
  |                                  
  |     +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana     
  +-----+                            
  |     +-- Cristaria_plicata        
--+                                  
  |     +-- Lanceolaria_grayii       
  +-----+                            
  |     +-- Lanceolaria_lanceolata   
  |                                  
  |     +-- Nodularia_douglasiae     
  +-----+                            
  |     +-- Tchangsinaia_piscicula   
  |                                  
  |  +----- Utterbackia_imbecillis **   
  |  |                               
  +--+----- Utterbackiana_couperiana ** 
     |                               
     |  +-- Alasmidonta_triangulata **  
     +--+                            
        +-- Lasmigona_costata **        

Cyr et al., 2007 [Publ 2745], fig. 2A

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
5 5 2 1 1 0 0 38.0
  +-------- Pyganodon_grandis **  
  |                            
--+-------- Pyganodon[2] **       
  |                            
  |  +----- Pyganodon[1] **       
  +--+                         
     |  +-- Pyganodon_cataracta **
     +--+                      
        +-- Pyganodon_fragilis ** 

Cyr et al., 2007 [Publ 2745], fig. 2B

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
5 5 3 1 1 1 1 38.0
  +----------- Anodonta_nuttalliana
  |                                
--+        +-- Pyganodon_grandis **   
  |  +-----+                       
  |  |     +-- Pyganodon[1] **        
  +--+                             
     |  +----- Pyganodon[2] **        
     +--+                          
        |  +-- Pyganodon_cataracta ** 
        +--+                       
           +-- Pyganodon_fragilis **  

Cyr et al., 2007 [Publ 2745], fig. 2D

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
5 5 2 1 0 0 0 38.0
  +-------- Pyganodon_grandis **  
  |                            
--+-------- Pyganodon[2] **       
  |                            
  |  +----- Pyganodon[1] **       
  +--+                         
     |  +-- Pyganodon_cataracta **
     +--+                      
        +-- Pyganodon_fragilis ** 

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3745], fig. 1-2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
5 5 3 5 76 9 2 35.0
     +----------- Cristaria_plicata       
  +--+                                    
  |  |  +-------- Anemina_arcaeformis     
  |  +--+                                 
  |     |  +----- Pletholophus_tenuis     
  |     +--+                              
  |        |  +-- Sinanodonta_jourdyi     
  |        +--+                           
--+           +-- Sinanodonta_lucida      
  |                                       
  |        +----- Pseudanodonta_complanata
  |        |                              
  |  +-----+  +-- Anodonta_anatina        
  |  |     |  |                           
  |  |     +--+-- Anodonta_cygnea         
  |  |        |                           
  +--+        +-- Anodonta_nuttalliana    
     |                                    
     |        +-- Pyganodon_grandis **       
     |  +-----+                           
     |  |     +-- Simpsonaias_ambigua **     
     +--+                                 
        |  +----- Strophitus_undulatus **    
        +--+                              
           |  +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **   
           +--+                           
              +-- Lasmigona_costata **       

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
5 5 3 5 136 10 2 37.0
  +-------------- Anodonta_anatina        
  |                                       
  |        +----- Pseudanodonta_complanata
--+  +-----+                              
  |  |     |  +-- Anodonta_cygnea         
  |  |     +--+                           
  |  |        +-- Anodonta_nuttalliana    
  +--+                                    
     |        +-- Lasmigona_costata **       
     |  +-----+                           
     |  |     +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **   
     +--+                                 
        |  +----- Simpsonaias_ambigua **     
        +--+                              
           |  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **       
           +--+                           
              +-- Strophitus_undulatus **    

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
5 5 1 5 136 10 2 36.0
  +-------- Anodonta_anatina        
  |                                 
  +-------- Pseudanodonta_complanata
  |                                 
  |     +-- Anodonta_cygnea         
--+-----+                           
  |     +-- Anodonta_nuttalliana    
  |                                 
  |  +----- Pyganodon_grandis **       
  |  |                              
  |  +----- Simpsonaias_ambigua **     
  +--+                              
     +----- Strophitus_undulatus **    
     |                              
     |  +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **   
     +--+                           
        +-- Lasmigona_costata **       

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3764], fig. S1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
5 18 0 5 126 10 2 46.0
  +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **   
  |                           
  +-- Anodonta_anatina        
  |                           
  +-- Anodonta_cygnea         
  |                           
  +-- Anodonta_nuttalliana    
  |                           
  +-- Lasmigona_costata **       
  |                           
  +-- Pseudanodonta_complanata
  |                           
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **       
  |                           
  +-- Simpsonaias_ambigua **     
  |                           
  +-- Strophitus_undulatus **    
--+                           
  +-- Sinanodonta_lauta       
  |                           
  +-- Cristaria_plicata       
  |                           
  +-- Cristaria_radiata       
  |                           
  +-- Pletholophus_tenuis     
  |                           
  +-- Sinanodonta_lucida      
  |                           
  +-- Sinanodonta_jourdyi     
  |                           
  +-- Lanceolaria_gladiola    
  |                           
  +-- Lanceolaria_grayii[1]   
  |                           
  +-- Lanceolaria_grayii[2]   

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2a

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
5 5 3 3 20 3 2 31.0
  +-------------- Cristaria_plicata       
  |                                       
--+  +----------- Anodonta_anatina        
  |  |                                    
  +--+        +-- Platynaias_subviridis **   
     |  +-----+                           
     |  |     +-- Platynaias_compressa **    
     +--+                                 
        |  +----- Pyganodon_grandis **       
        +--+                              
           |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
           +--+                           
              +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2b

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
5 5 3 3 20 3 2 31.0
              +-- Cristaria_plicata       
  +-----------+                           
  |           +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana    
--+                                       
  |  +----------- Anodonta_anatina        
  |  |                                    
  +--+        +-- Platynaias_subviridis **   
     |  +-----+                           
     |  |     +-- Platynaias_compressa **    
     +--+                                 
        |  +----- Pyganodon_grandis **       
        +--+                              
           |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
           +--+                           
              +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
5 5 3 4 13 0 0 31.0
        +-- Lasmigona_costata **       
  +-----+                           
  |     +-- Platynaias_compressa **    
--+                                 
  |  +----- Pyganodon_grandis **       
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
     +--+                           
        +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  

Bolotov et al., 2018 [Publ 3826], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
5 5 3 5 80 5 2 35.0
           +-------- Cristaria_plicata    
  +--------+                              
  |        |  +----- Pletholophus_tenuis  
  |        +--+                           
  |           |  +-- Sinanodonta_jourdyi  
--+           +--+                        
  |              +-- Sinanodonta_lauta    
  |                                       
  |  +-------------- Anodonta_anatina     
  +--+                                    
     |  +----------- Pyganodon_grandis **    
     +--+                                 
        |  +-------- Simpsonaias_ambigua **  
        +--+                              
           |  +----- Strophitus_undulatus ** 
           +--+                           
              |  +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **
              +--+                        
                 +-- Lasmigona_costata **    

Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 3836], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
5 5 2 4 48 8 2 36.0
  +-------------- Anodonta_cygnea      
  |                                    
--+  +----------- Anodonta_anatina     
  |  |                                 
  +--+  +-------- Strophitus_undulatus ** 
     |  |                              
     +--+  +----- Platynaias_compressa ** 
        |  |                           
        +--+----- Alasmidonta_marginata **
           |                           
           |  +-- Pyganodon_cataracta **  
           +--+                        
              +-- Pyganodon_grandis **    

Aunins et al., 2018 [Publ 3863], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
5 5 3 4 36 7 2 31.0
        +-------- Cristaria_plicata       
        |                                 
  +-----+     +-- Anemina_arcaeformis     
  |     |  +--+                           
  |     |  |  +-- Anemina_euscaphys       
  |     +--+                              
  |        |  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana    
  |        +--+                           
--+           +-- Sinanodonta_lucida      
  |                                       
  |           +-- Anodonta_anatina        
  |  +--------+                           
  |  |        +-- Anodonta_cygnea         
  |  |                                    
  +--+        +-- Prolasmidonta_heterodon ** 
     |  +-----+                           
     |  |     +-- Alasmidonta_varicosa **    
     +--+                                 
        |  +----- Pyganodon_grandis **       
        +--+                              
           |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
           +--+                           
              +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
5 5 3 3 36 2 2 31.0
  +-------------- Sinanodonta_woodiana    
  |                                       
--+  +----------- Anodonta_anatina        
  |  |                                    
  +--+        +-- Platynaias_compressa **    
     |  +-----+                           
     |  |     +-- Platynaias_subviridis **   
     +--+                                 
        |  +----- Pyganodon_grandis **       
        +--+                              
           |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
           +--+                           
              +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
5 5 3 3 36 2 2 31.0
  +-------------- Sinanodonta_woodiana    
  |                                       
--+  +----------- Anodonta_anatina        
  |  |                                    
  +--+        +-- Platynaias_compressa **    
     |  +-----+                           
     |  |     +-- Platynaias_subviridis **   
     +--+                                 
        |  +----- Pyganodon_grandis **       
        +--+                              
           |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
           +--+                           
              +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  

Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S1, 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
5 5 3 5 71 9 2 35.0
     +----------- Cristaria_plicata       
  +--+                                    
  |  |  +-------- Pletholophus_tenuis     
  |  +--+                                 
  |     |  +----- Sinanodonta_lucida      
  |     +--+                              
  |        |  +-- Sinanodonta_lauta       
  |        +--+                           
--+           +-- Sinanodonta_jourdyi     
  |                                       
  |     +-------- Pseudanodonta_complanata
  |  +--+                                 
  |  |  |  +----- Anodonta_nuttalliana    
  |  |  +--+                              
  |  |     |  +-- Anodonta_anatina        
  |  |     +--+                           
  +--+        +-- Anodonta_cygnea         
     |                                    
     |        +-- Pyganodon_grandis **       
     |  +-----+                           
     |  |     +-- Simpsonaias_ambigua **     
     +--+                                 
        |  +----- Strophitus_undulatus **    
        +--+                              
           |  +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **   
           +--+                           
              +-- Lasmigona_costata **       

Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S2, 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
5 5 3 5 71 9 2 37.0
     +----------- Cristaria_plicata       
  +--+                                    
  |  |  +-------- Pletholophus_tenuis     
  |  +--+                                 
  |     |  +----- Sinanodonta_lucida      
  |     +--+                              
  |        |  +-- Sinanodonta_jourdyi     
  |        +--+                           
--+           +-- Sinanodonta_lauta       
  |                                       
  |     +-------- Pseudanodonta_complanata
  |  +--+                                 
  |  |  |  +----- Anodonta_anatina        
  |  |  +--+                              
  |  |     |  +-- Anodonta_nuttalliana    
  |  |     +--+                           
  +--+        +-- Anodonta_cygnea         
     |                                    
     |        +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **   
     |  +-----+                           
     |  |     +-- Lasmigona_costata **       
     +--+                                 
        |  +----- Pyganodon_grandis **       
        +--+                              
           |  +-- Strophitus_undulatus **    
           +--+                           
              +-- Simpsonaias_ambigua **     

Graf & Cummings, 2006 [Publ 1968], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 4 43 0 0 36.0
  +-------- Lasmigona_costata **    
--+                              
  |  +----- Alasmidonta_marginata **
  +--+                           
     |  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **    
     +--+                        
        +-- Strophitus_undulatus ** 

Campbell et al., 2005 [Publ 2660], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 5 3 4 113 2 1 35.0
  +----------- Anodonta_oregonensis     
  |                                     
--+        +-- Anodonta_cygnea          
  |  +-----+                            
  |  |     +-- Alasmidonta_holstonia **    
  +--+                                  
     |  +----- Pyganodon_grandis **        
     +--+                               
        |  +-- Lasmigona_costata **        
        +--+                            
           +-- Pseudodontoideus_subvexus **

Campbell et al., 2005 [Publ 2660], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 6 3 4 111 2 1 35.0
  +-------- Pyganodon_grandis **        
  |                                  
  |     +-- Lasmigona_costata **        
--+-----+                            
  |     +-- Pseudodontoideus_subvexus **
  |                                  
  |  +----- Alasmidonta_holstonia **    
  +--+                               
     |  +-- Anodonta_cygnea          
     +--+                            
        +-- Anodonta_oregonensis     

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 4 43 0 0 36.0
  +-------- Lasmigona_costata **    
--+                              
  |  +----- Alasmidonta_marginata **
  +--+                           
     |  +-- Strophitus_undulatus ** 
     +--+                        
        +-- Pyganodon_grandis **    

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 4 42 0 0 36.0
  +-------- Lasmigona_costata **    
--+                              
  |  +----- Alasmidonta_marginata **
  +--+                           
     |  +-- Strophitus_undulatus ** 
     +--+                        
        +-- Pyganodon_grandis **    

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 4 42 0 0 36.0
  +-------- Lasmigona_costata **    
--+                              
  |  +----- Alasmidonta_marginata **
  +--+                           
     |  +-- Strophitus_undulatus ** 
     +--+                        
        +-- Pyganodon_grandis **    

Huang et al., 2013 [Publ 3629], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 3 12 2 1 32.0
           +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana    
  +--------+                           
  |        +-- Cristaria_plicata       
--+                                    
  |  +-------- Platynaias_compressa **    
  +--+                                 
     |  +----- Pyganodon_grandis **       
     +--+                              
        |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
        +--+                           
           +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Jadhav & Jamkhedkar, 2009 [Publ 3697], fig. 11

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 1 4 22 2 1 35.0
  +-------- Anodonta             
  |                              
--+  +----- Lasmigona_costata **    
  |  |                           
  +--+  +-- Strophitus_undulatus ** 
     |  |                        
     +--+-- Alasmidonta_marginata **
        |                        
        +-- Pyganodon_grandis **    

Zhou et al., 2016 [Publ 3710], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 3 16 2 1 32.0
  +-------------- Sinanodonta_woodiana    
--+                                       
  |  +----------- Cristaria_plicata       
  +--+                                    
     |  +-------- Platynaias_compressa **    
     +--+                                 
        |  +----- Pyganodon_grandis **       
        +--+                              
           |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
           +--+                           
              +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Fonseca et al., 2016 [Publ 3775], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 3 28 6 2 32.0
        +-------- Cristaria_plicata       
        |                                 
  +-----+     +-- Anemina_euscaphys       
  |     |  +--+                           
  |     |  |  +-- Anemina_arcaeformis     
  |     +--+                              
--+        |  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana    
  |        +--+                           
  |           +-- Sinanodonta_lucida      
  |                                       
  |  +----------- Anodonta_anatina        
  +--+                                    
     |  +-------- Platynaias_compressa **    
     +--+                                 
        |  +----- Pyganodon_grandis **       
        +--+                              
           |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
           +--+                           
              +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3A

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 3 8 0 0 32.0
  +-------- Platynaias_compressa **    
--+                                 
  |  +----- Pyganodon_grandis **       
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
     +--+                           
        +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3B

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 3 8 0 0 32.0
  +-------- Platynaias_compressa **    
--+                                 
  |  +----- Pyganodon_grandis **       
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
     +--+                           
        +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3792], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 3 29 6 2 32.0
     +----------- Anodonta_anatina        
  +--+                                    
  |  |  +-------- Platynaias_compressa **    
  |  +--+                                 
  |     |  +----- Pyganodon_grandis **       
  |     +--+                              
--+        |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
  |        +--+                           
  |           +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
  |                                       
  |     +-------- Cristaria_plicata       
  |     |                                 
  +-----+     +-- Sinanodonta_lucida      
        |  +--+                           
        |  |  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana    
        +--+                              
           |  +-- Anemina_arcaeformis     
           +--+                           
              +-- Anemina_euscaphys       

Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 6

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 3 39 6 2 32.0
     +----------- Anodonta_anatina        
  +--+                                    
  |  |  +-------- Platynaias_compressa **    
  |  +--+                                 
  |     |  +----- Pyganodon_grandis **       
  |     +--+                              
--+        |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
  |        +--+                           
  |           +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
  |                                       
  |     +-------- Cristaria_plicata       
  |     |                                 
  +-----+     +-- Anemina_arcaeformis     
        |  +--+                           
        |  |  +-- Anemina_euscaphys       
        +--+                              
           |  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana    
           +--+                           
              +-- Sinanodonta_lucida      

Soroka & Burzynski, 2017 [Publ 3837], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 3 20 7 2 32.0
        +-------- Cristaria_plicata       
        |                                 
  +-----+     +-- Anemina_arcaeformis     
  |     |  +--+                           
  |     |  |  +-- Anemina_euscaphys       
  |     +--+                              
  |        |  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana    
--+        +--+                           
  |           +-- Sinanodonta_lucida      
  |                                       
  |           +-- Anodonta_cygnea         
  |  +--------+                           
  |  |        +-- Anodonta_anatina        
  +--+                                    
     |  +-------- Platynaias_compressa **    
     +--+                                 
        |  +----- Pyganodon_grandis **       
        +--+                              
           |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
           +--+                           
              +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 3 53 7 2 32.0
  +-------------- Anodonta_cygnea         
--+                                       
  |  +----------- Anodonta_anatina        
  +--+                                    
     |  +-------- Lasmigona_costata **       
     +--+                                 
        |  +----- Pyganodon_grandis **       
        +--+                              
           |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
           +--+                           
              +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Wu et al., 2019 [Publ 3864], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 3 43 6 2 32.0
     +----------- Anodonta_anatina        
  +--+                                    
  |  |  +-------- Platynaias_compressa **    
  |  +--+                                 
  |     |  +----- Pyganodon_grandis **       
  |     +--+                              
--+        |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
  |        +--+                           
  |           +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
  |                                       
  |     +-------- Cristaria_plicata       
  |     |                                 
  +-----+     +-- Anemina_arcaeformis     
        |  +--+                           
        |  |  +-- Anemina_euscaphys       
        +--+                              
           |  +-- Sinanodonta_lucida      
           +--+                           
              +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana    

Cha et al., 2018 [Publ 3916], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 3 35 6 2 32.0
     +----------- Anodonta_anatina        
  +--+                                    
  |  |  +-------- Platynaias_compressa **    
  |  +--+                                 
  |     |  +----- Pyganodon_grandis **       
  |     +--+                              
--+        |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
  |        +--+                           
  |           +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
  |                                       
  |     +-------- Cristaria_plicata       
  |     |                                 
  +-----+     +-- Anemina_arcaeformis     
        |  +--+                           
        |  |  +-- Anemina_euscaphys       
        +--+                              
           |  +-- Sinanodonta_lucida      
           +--+                           
              +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana    

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 3 41 6 2 32.0
        +-------- Cristaria_plicata       
        |                                 
  +-----+     +-- Anemina_arcaeformis     
  |     |  +--+                           
  |     |  |  +-- Anemina_euscaphys       
  |     +--+                              
--+        |  +-- Sinanodonta_lucida      
  |        +--+                           
  |           +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana    
  |                                       
  |  +----------- Anodonta_anatina        
  +--+                                    
     |  +-------- Lasmigona_complanata **    
     +--+                                 
        |  +----- Pyganodon_grandis **       
        +--+                              
           |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
           +--+                           
              +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 6

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 3 41 6 2 32.0
     +----------- Anodonta_anatina        
  +--+                                    
  |  |  +-------- Lasmigona_complanata **    
  |  +--+                                 
  |     |  +----- Pyganodon_grandis **       
  |     +--+                              
--+        |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
  |        +--+                           
  |           +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
  |                                       
  |     +-------- Cristaria_plicata       
  |     |                                 
  +-----+     +-- Sinanodonta_lucida      
        |  +--+                           
        |  |  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana    
        +--+                              
           |  +-- Anemina_arcaeformis     
           +--+                           
              +-- Anemina_euscaphys       

Riccardi et al., 2019 [Publ 4089], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 3 16 10 2 32.0
           +----- Pseudanodonta_complanata
  +--------+                              
  |        |  +-- Anodonta_exulcerata     
  |        +--+                           
--+           +-- Anodonta_cygnea         
  |                                       
  |  +----------- Anodonta_nuttalliana    
  +--+                                    
     |  +-------- Platynaias_compressa **    
     +--+                                 
        |  +----- Pyganodon_grandis **       
        +--+                              
           |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
           +--+                           
              +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  

Fukata & Iigo, 2020 [Publ 4106], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 4 50 7 2 32.0
     +-------- Cristaria_plicata       
     |                                 
  +--+     +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana    
  |  |  +--+                           
  |  |  |  +-- Sinanodonta_lucida      
  |  +--+                              
  |     |  +-- Anemina_arcaeformis     
  |     +--+                           
--+        +-- Anemina_euscaphys       
  |                                    
  |        +-- Anodonta_anatina        
  |  +-----+                           
  |  |     +-- Anodonta_cygnea         
  |  |                                 
  +--+     +-- Pyganodon_grandis **       
     |  +--+                           
     |  |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
     +--+                              
        |  +-- Alasmidonta_varicosa **    
        +--+                           
           +-- Prolasmidonta_heterodon ** 

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 3 46 6 2 32.0
     +----------- Anodonta_anatina        
  +--+                                    
  |  |  +-------- Platynaias_compressa **    
  |  +--+                                 
  |     |  +----- Pyganodon_grandis **       
  |     +--+                              
--+        |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
  |        +--+                           
  |           +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
  |                                       
  |     +-------- Cristaria_plicata       
  |     |                                 
  +-----+     +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana    
        |  +--+                           
        |  |  +-- Sinanodonta_lauta       
        +--+                              
           |  +-- Anemina_arcaeformis     
           +--+                           
              +-- Anemina_euscaphys       

Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-F, 5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 3 45 6 2 32.0
     +----------- Anodonta_anatina        
  +--+                                    
  |  |  +-------- Platynaias_compressa **    
  |  +--+                                 
  |     |  +----- Pyganodon_grandis **       
  |     +--+                              
--+        |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
  |        +--+                           
  |           +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
  |                                       
  |     +-------- Cristaria_plicata       
  |     |                                 
  +-----+     +-- Sinanodonta_lucida      
        |  +--+                           
        |  |  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana    
        +--+                              
           |  +-- Anemina_arcaeformis     
           +--+                           
              +-- Anemina_euscaphys       

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 2d

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 3 35 7 2 32.0
        +-------- Cristaria_plicata       
        |                                 
  +-----+     +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana    
  |     |  +--+                           
  |     |  |  +-- Sinanodonta_lucida      
  |     +--+                              
  |        |  +-- Anemina_arcaeformis     
--+        +--+                           
  |           +-- Anemina_euscaphys       
  |                                       
  |           +-- Anodonta_cygnea         
  |  +--------+                           
  |  |        +-- Anodonta_anatina        
  +--+                                    
     |  +-------- Platynaias_compressa **    
     +--+                                 
        |  +----- Pyganodon_grandis **       
        +--+                              
           |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
           +--+                           
              +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 3 70 7 2 32.0
        +-------- Cristaria_plicata       
        |                                 
  +-----+     +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana    
  |     |  +--+                           
  |     |  |  +-- Sinanodonta_lucida      
  |     +--+                              
  |        |  +-- Anemina_arcaeformis     
--+        +--+                           
  |           +-- Anemina_euscaphys       
  |                                       
  |           +-- Anodonta_cygnea         
  |  +--------+                           
  |  |        +-- Anodonta_anatina        
  +--+                                    
     |  +-------- Platynaias_compressa **    
     +--+                                 
        |  +----- Pyganodon_grandis **       
        +--+                              
           |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
           +--+                           
              +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Rosenberg et al., 1994 [Publ 2719], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 10 0 2 16 0 0 42.0
  +-- Pyganodon_cataracta **   
  |                         
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **     
  |                         
  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **
  |                         
  +-- Lampsilis_teres       
  |                         
  +-- Lampsilis_straminea   
--+                         
  +-- Megalonaias_nervosa   
  |                         
  +-- Obliquaria_reflexa    
  |                         
  +-- Theliderma_cylindrica 
  |                         
  +-- Quadrula_quadrula     
  |                         
  +-- Uniomerus_tetralasmus 

Rosenberg et al., 1997 [Publ 2720], fig. 2A

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 17 0 2 20 1 1 48.0
  +----- Anodonta_anatina      
  |                            
  |  +-- Gonidea_angulata      
  |  |                         
  |  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **     
  |  |                         
  |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **
  |  |                         
  |  +-- Pyganodon_cataracta **   
--+  |                         
  |  +-- Lampsilis_straminea   
  |  |                         
  |  +-- Lampsilis_teres       
  |  |                         
  |  +-- Megalonaias_nervosa   
  |  |                         
  |  +-- Obliquaria_reflexa    
  |  |                         
  +--+-- Theliderma_cylindrica 
     |                         
     +-- Quadrula_quadrula     
     |                         
     +-- Uniomerus_tetralasmus 
     |                         
     +-- Amblema_plicata       
     |                         
     +-- Elliptio_complanata   
     |                         
     +-- Fusconaia_cerina      
     |                         
     +-- Plectomerus_dombeyanus
     |                         
     +-- Pleurobema_cordatum   
     |                         
     +-- Unio_pictorum         

Rosenberg et al., 1997 [Publ 2720], fig. 2B

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 17 0 2 20 1 1 48.0
  +----- Anodonta              
  |                            
  |  +-- Gonidea_angulata      
  |  |                         
  |  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **     
  |  |                         
  |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **
  |  |                         
  |  +-- Pyganodon_cataracta **   
--+  |                         
  |  +-- Lampsilis_straminea   
  |  |                         
  |  +-- Lampsilis_teres       
  |  |                         
  |  +-- Megalonaias_nervosa   
  |  |                         
  |  +-- Obliquaria_reflexa    
  |  |                         
  +--+-- Theliderma_cylindrica 
     |                         
     +-- Quadrula_quadrula     
     |                         
     +-- Uniomerus_tetralasmus 
     |                         
     +-- Amblema_plicata       
     |                         
     +-- Elliptio_complanata   
     |                         
     +-- Fusconaia_cerina      
     |                         
     +-- Plectomerus_dombeyanus
     |                         
     +-- Aculamprotula_tortuosa
     |                         
     +-- Unio_pictorum         

Moyer & Díaz-Ferguson, 2012 [Publ 3375], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 3 1 2 4 0 0 33.0
  +----- Lasmigona_costata **    
--+                           
  |  +-- Platynaias_compressa ** 
  +--+                        
     +-- Platynaias_subviridis **

Pfeiffer & Graf, 2013 [Publ 3531], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 3 1 3 32 2 1 35.0
        +-- Cristaria_plicata   
  +-----+                       
  |     +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana
--+                             
  |  +----- Strophitus_undulatus **
  +--+                          
     |  +-- Platynaias_compressa **
     +--+                       
        +-- Pyganodon_grandis **   

Wu et al., 2016 [Publ 3711], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 3 1 2 18 4 2 33.0
  +----------- Cristaria_plicata       
--+                                    
  |  +-------- Anodonta_anatina        
  +--+                                 
     |  +----- Pyganodon_grandis **       
     +--+                              
        |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
        +--+                           
           +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 2-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 4 1 3 7 1 1 36.0
  +----- Pyganodon_grandis **       
  |                              
--+  +-- Lasmigona_costata **       
  |  |                           
  +--+-- Sinanodonta_woodiana    
     |                           
     +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Krebs et al., 2019 [Publ 4092], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 3 1 1 0 0 0 37.0
  +----- Pyganodon_grandis **  
--+                         
  |  +-- Pyganodon_fragilis ** 
  +--+                      
     +-- Pyganodon_cataracta **

Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 4143], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 3 1 2 19 4 2 33.0
  +----------- Cristaria_plicata       
--+                                    
  |  +-------- Anodonta_anatina        
  +--+                                 
     |  +----- Pyganodon_grandis **       
     +--+                              
        |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
        +--+                           
           +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4147], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 3 1 2 27 4 2 33.0
        +----- Cristaria_plicata       
  +-----+                              
  |     |  +-- Sinanodonta_lucida      
  |     +--+                           
--+        +-- Anemina_arcaeformis     
  |                                    
  |  +-------- Anodonta_anatina        
  +--+                                 
     |  +----- Pyganodon_grandis **       
     +--+                              
        |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
        +--+                           
           +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  

Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 3 1 3 50 4 2 33.0
        +----- Cristaria_plicata     
  +-----+                            
  |     |  +-- Anemina_arcaeformis   
  |     +--+                         
--+        +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana  
  |                                  
  |  +-------- Anodonta_cygnea       
  +--+                               
     |  +----- Platynaias_compressa **  
     +--+                            
        |  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **     
        +--+                         
           +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4296], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 3 1 3 20 1 1 35.0
  +-------- Pseudanodonta_complanata
--+                                 
  |  +----- Lasmigona_costata **       
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Strophitus_undulatus **    
     +--+                           
        +-- Pyganodon_grandis **       

Liu et al., 2023 [Publ 4310], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 3 1 3 21 1 1 35.0
  +-------- Pseudanodonta_complanata
--+                                 
  |  +----- Lasmigona_costata **       
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Strophitus_undulatus **    
     +--+                           
        +-- Pyganodon_grandis **       

Liu et al., 2023 [Publ 4310], fig. 5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 4 2 3 21 1 1 36.0
  +-------- Lasmigona_costata **       
--+                                 
  |  +----- Pseudanodonta_complanata
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **       
     +--+                           
        +-- Strophitus_undulatus **    

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4358], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 3 1 3 49 4 2 33.0
        +----- Cristaria_plicata     
  +-----+                            
  |     |  +-- Anemina_arcaeformis   
  |     +--+                         
--+        +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana  
  |                                  
  |  +-------- Anodonta_anatina      
  +--+                               
     |  +----- Platynaias_compressa **  
     +--+                            
        |  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **     
        +--+                         
           +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **

Bogan & Hoeh, 2000 [Publ 2650], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 32 1 1 --
  +----- Anodonta_cygnea     
--+                          
  |  +-- Strophitus_undulatus **
  +--+                       
     +-- Pyganodon_grandis **   

Graf, 2002 [Publ 2651], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 16 0 0 --
  +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **
--+                        
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **    

Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14.2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 3 0 2 29 1 1 35.0
  +----- Pyganodon_grandis **   
--+                          
  |  +-- Anodonta_cygnea     
  +--+                       
     +-- Strophitus_undulatus **

Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14.4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 29 1 1 --
  +----- Anodonta_cygnea     
--+                          
  |  +-- Strophitus_undulatus **
  +--+                       
     +-- Pyganodon_grandis **   

Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2653], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 29 1 1 --
  +----- Anodonta_cygnea     
--+                          
  |  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **   
  +--+                       
     +-- Strophitus_undulatus **

Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4.2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 3 0 2 29 1 1 35.0
  +----- Pyganodon_grandis **   
--+                          
  |  +-- Anodonta_cygnea     
  +--+                       
     +-- Strophitus_undulatus **

Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4.3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 29 1 1 --
  +----- Anodonta_cygnea     
--+                          
  |  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **   
  +--+                       
     +-- Strophitus_undulatus **

Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 1 13 1 1 --
  +----- Anodonta          
--+                        
  |  +-- Pyganodon_fragilis **
  +--+                     
     +-- Pyganodon_grandis ** 

Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 1 13 1 1 --
  +----- Anodonta          
--+                        
  |  +-- Pyganodon_fragilis **
  +--+                     
     +-- Pyganodon_grandis ** 

Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 1 13 1 1 --
  +----- Anodonta          
--+                        
  |  +-- Pyganodon_fragilis **
  +--+                     
     +-- Pyganodon_grandis ** 

Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 6

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 1 36 0 0 --
  +-- Pyganodon_fragilis **
--+                     
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis ** 

Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 6-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 1 13 0 0 --
  +-- Pyganodon_fragilis **
--+                     
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis ** 

Manendo et al., 2008 [Publ 2669], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 11 3 1 --
        +-- Anodonta_cygnea         
  +-----+                           
  |     +-- Anodonta_anatina        
--+                                 
  |  +----- Pseudanodonta_complanata
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Platynaias_subviridis **   
     +--+                           
        +-- Pyganodon_grandis **       

Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2673], fig. 1-F

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 1 7 0 0 --
  +-- Pyganodon_fragilis **
--+                     
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis ** 

Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2673], fig. 1-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 1 7 0 0 --
  +-- Pyganodon_fragilis **
--+                     
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis ** 

Curole & Kocher, 2005 [Publ 2682], fig. 1-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 10 0 0 --
  +-- Utterbackiana_implicata **
--+                          
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **      

Krebs, 2004 [Publ 2692], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 3 0 0 --
  +-- Lasmigona_costata **
--+                    
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Krebs, 2004 [Publ 2692], fig. 2-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 2 0 0 --
  +-- Lasmigona_costata **
--+                    
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Hoeh et al., 1996 [Publ 2694], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 1 3 0 0 --
  +-- Pyganodon_fragilis **
--+                     
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis ** 

Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1 ML

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 35 0 0 --
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
--+                    
  +-- Lasmigona_costata **

Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1 MP

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 35 0 0 --
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
--+                    
  +-- Lasmigona_costata **

Pfeiffer & Graf, 2015 [Publ 3620], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 38 0 0 --
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
--+                    
  +-- Lasmigona_costata **

Huang et al., 2013 [Publ 3629], fig. 3-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 4 0 0 --
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **       
--+                           
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Froufe et al., 2015 [Publ 3664], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 10 1 1 --
  +----- Anodonta_anatina        
--+                              
  |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
  +--+                           
     +-- Pyganodon_grandis **       

Froufe et al., 2015 [Publ 3664], fig. 1-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 6 1 1 --
  +----- Anodonta_anatina        
--+                              
  |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
  +--+                           
     +-- Pyganodon_grandis **       

Soroka & Burzynski, 2018 [Publ 3762], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 5 1 1 --
  +----- Anodonta_anatina        
--+                              
  |  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **       
  +--+                           
     +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Soroka & Burzynski, 2018 [Publ 3762], fig. 3-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 5 1 1 --
  +----- Anodonta_anatina        
--+                              
  |  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **       
  +--+                           
     +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2a-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 6 0 0 --
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
--+                           
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **       

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2b-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 6 0 0 --
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
--+                           
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **       

Burzynski et al., 2017 [Publ 3774], fig. 1 bottom

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 11 1 1 --
  +----- Anodonta_anatina        
--+                              
  |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
  +--+                           
     +-- Pyganodon_grandis **       

Burzynski et al., 2017 [Publ 3774], fig. 1 top

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 11 1 1 --
  +----- Anodonta_anatina        
--+                              
  |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
  +--+                           
     +-- Pyganodon_grandis **       

Fonseca et al., 2016 [Publ 3775], fig. 1-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 7 1 1 --
  +----- Anodonta_anatina        
--+                              
  |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
  +--+                           
     +-- Pyganodon_grandis **       

Araujo et al., 2018 [Publ 3779], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 17 1 1 --
  +----- Anodonta_anatina     
--+                           
  |  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **    
  +--+                        
     +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3A-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 5 0 0 --
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **       
--+                           
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3B-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 5 0 0 --
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
--+                           
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **       

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3792], fig. 2-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 8 1 1 --
  +----- Anodonta_anatina        
--+                              
  |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
  +--+                           
     +-- Pyganodon_grandis **       

Wen et al., 2017 [Publ 3795], fig. 3-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 4 1 1 --
  +----- Anodonta_anatina        
--+                              
  |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
  +--+                           
     +-- Pyganodon_grandis **       

Feng et al., 2016 [Publ 3800], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 13 0 2 13 5 2 44.0
                 +-- Anodonta_anatina        
  +--------------+                           
  |              +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
  |                                          
  |              +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata   
  |        +-----+                           
--+        |     +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora   
  |  +-----+                                 
  |  |     |  +----- Quadrula_quadrula       
  |  |     +--+                              
  |  |        |  +-- Potamilus_leptodon      
  +--+        +--+                           
     |           +-- Lampsilis_ornata        
     |                                       
     |  +----------- Tchangsinaia_piscicula  
     |  |                                    
     +--+  +-------- Pyganodon_grandis **       
        |  |                                 
        +--+     +-- Anemina_arcaeformis     
           |  +--+                           
           |  |  +-- Anemina_euscaphys       
           +--+                              
              |  +-- Sinanodonta_lucida      
              +--+                           
                 +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana    

Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 6-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 15 2 2 --
  +-------- Sinanodonta_woodiana    
--+                                 
  |  +----- Anodonta_anatina        
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **       
     +--+                           
        +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 21 2 2 --
  +-------- Sinanodonta_woodiana    
--+                                 
  |  +----- Anodonta_anatina        
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **       
     +--+                           
        +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Wang et al., 2018 [Publ 3846], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 30 6 2 --
        +----- Anodonta_anatina    
  +-----+                          
  |     |  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **   
  |     +--+                       
--+        +-- Platynaias_compressa **
  |                                
  |  +-------- Cristaria_plicata   
  |  |                             
  +--+     +-- Anemina_euscaphys   
     |  +--+                       
     |  |  +-- Anemina_arcaeformis 
     +--+                          
        |  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana
        +--+                       
           +-- Sinanodonta_lucida  

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3861], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 9 1 1 --
  +----- Anodonta_anatina        
--+                              
  |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
  +--+                           
     +-- Pyganodon_grandis **       

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3861], fig. 1-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 9 1 1 --
  +----- Anodonta_anatina        
--+                              
  |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
  +--+                           
     +-- Pyganodon_grandis **       

Burzynski & Soroka, 2018 [Publ 3862], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 2 2 2 --
  +-------- Sinanodonta_woodiana    
--+                                 
  |  +----- Anodonta_anatina        
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
     +--+                           
        +-- Pyganodon_grandis **       

Burzynski & Soroka, 2018 [Publ 3862], fig. 5a

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 18 2 2 --
  +----- Sinanodonta_woodiana    
  |                              
--+----- Anodonta_anatina        
  |                              
  |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
  +--+                           
     +-- Pyganodon_grandis **       

Burzynski & Soroka, 2018 [Publ 3862], fig. 5b

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 8 2 2 --
  +-------- Sinanodonta_woodiana    
--+                                 
  |  +----- Anodonta_anatina        
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
     +--+                           
        +-- Pyganodon_grandis **       

Wang et al., 2018 [Publ 3865], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 30 6 2 --
        +----- Anodonta_anatina    
  +-----+                          
  |     |  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **   
  |     +--+                       
--+        +-- Platynaias_compressa **
  |                                
  |  +-------- Cristaria_plicata   
  |  |                             
  +--+     +-- Anemina_euscaphys   
     |  +--+                       
     |  |  +-- Anemina_arcaeformis 
     +--+                          
        |  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana
        +--+                       
           +-- Sinanodonta_lucida  

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 3-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 17 2 2 --
  +-------- Sinanodonta_woodiana    
--+                                 
  |  +----- Anodonta_anatina        
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
     +--+                           
        +-- Pyganodon_grandis **       

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 17 2 2 --
  +-------- Sinanodonta_woodiana    
--+                                 
  |  +----- Anodonta_anatina        
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
     +--+                           
        +-- Pyganodon_grandis **       

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 20 2 2 --
  +-------- Sinanodonta_woodiana    
--+                                 
  |  +----- Anodonta_anatina        
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
     +--+                           
        +-- Pyganodon_grandis **       

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 20 2 2 --
     +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
  +--+                           
  |  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **       
--+                              
  |  +-- Anodonta_anatina        
  +--+                           
     +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana    

Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-M, 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 21 2 2 --
  +-------- Sinanodonta_woodiana    
--+                                 
  |  +----- Anodonta_anatina        
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
     +--+                           
        +-- Pyganodon_grandis **       

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 2e

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 15 2 2 --
  +-------- Sinanodonta_woodiana    
--+                                 
  |  +----- Anodonta_anatina        
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
     +--+                           
        +-- Pyganodon_grandis **       

Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 38 8 2 --
     +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **   
  +--+                           
  |  +-- Lasmigona_costata **       
--+                              
  |  +-- Anodonta_anatina        
  +--+                           
     +-- Pseudanodonta_complanata

Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 38 8 2 --
              +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **   
           +--+                           
           |  +-- Lasmigona_costata **       
  +--------+                              
  |        |  +-- Anodonta_anatina        
  |        +--+                           
--+           +-- Pseudanodonta_complanata
  |                                       
  |  +----------- Cristaria_plicata       
  |  |                                    
  +--+        +-- Anemina_arcaeformis     
     |  +-----+                           
     |  |     +-- Amuranodonta_kijaensis  
     +--+                                 
        |  +----- Pletholophus_tenuis     
        +--+                              
           |  +-- Sinanodonta_jourdyi     
           +--+                           
              +-- Beringiana_beringiana   

Smith, 2021 [Publ 4331], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 18 1 1 --
  +----- Cristaria_plicata       
--+                              
  |  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **       
  +--+                           
     +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 1 17 7 2 --
     +-------- Anemina_arcaeformis     
  +--+                                 
  |  |  +----- Cristaria_plicata       
  |  +--+                              
  |     |  +-- Sinanodonta_tumens      
  |     +--+                           
--+        +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana    
  |                                    
  |        +-- Platynaias **              
  |  +-----+                           
  |  |     +-- Platynaias_compressa **    
  +--+                                 
     |  +----- Anodonta_anatina        
     +--+                              
        |  +-- Pseudanodonta_complanata
        +--+                           
           +-- Anodonta_cygnea         

Graf, 2000 [Publ 2647], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 17 0 0 --
-- Pyganodon

Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2649], fig. 1, 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 11 0 0 --
-- Pyganodon_grandis

Zanatta & Murphy, 2006 [Publ 2672], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 55 0 0 --
-- Pyganodon_grandis

Zanatta & Murphy, 2006 [Publ 2672], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 56 0 0 --
-- Pyganodon_grandis

Curole & Kocher, 2005 [Publ 2682], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 10 0 0 --
-- Pyganodon_grandis

Curole & Kocher, 2002 [Publ 2712], fig. 1a-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 3 0 0 --
-- Utterbackiana_implicata

Curole & Kocher, 2002 [Publ 2712], fig. 1b-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 3 0 0 --
-- Utterbackiana_implicata

Turner et al., 2000 [Publ 2722], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 15 0 0 --
-- Utterbackiana_couperiana

Campbell, 2000 [Publ 2724], fig. 1-5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 2 0 0 --
-- Utterbackia_imbecillis

Mulvey et al., 1997 [Publ 3390], fig. 1, 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 4 0 0 --
-- Utterbackia_imbecillis

Inoue et al., 2013 [Publ 3528], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 16 0 0 --
-- Pyganodon_grandis

Zanatta & Harris, 2013 [Publ 3530], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 4 0 0 --
-- Pyganodon_grandis

Inoue et al., 2013 [Publ 3579], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 8 0 0 --
-- Pyganodon_grandis

Marshall et al., 2014 [Publ 3593], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 13 0 0 --
-- Pyganodon_grandis

Chen et al., 2012 [Publ 3624], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 6 1 1 --
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
--+                    
  +-- Cristaria_plicata

Xue et al., 2016 [Publ 3659], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 15 5 1 --
        +-- Cristaria_plicata   
  +-----+                       
  |     +-- Platynaias_compressa **
  |                             
--+     +-- Anemina_arcaeformis 
  |  +--+                       
  |  |  +-- Anemina_euscaphys   
  +--+                          
     |  +-- Sinanodonta_lucida  
     +--+                       
        +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana

Pfeiffer et al., 2016 [Publ 3660], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 38 0 0 --
-- Utterbackiana_suborbiculata

Wei et al., 2016 [Publ 3665], fig. 0

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 5 1 1 --
-- Pyganodon_grandis

Plazzi et al., 2011 [Publ 3676], fig. 5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 17 4 2 --
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **       
--+                           
  +-- Pseudanodonta_complanata

Soroka, 2008 [Publ 3695], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 3 2 2 --
  +----- Sinanodonta_woodiana
--+                          
  |  +-- Anodonta_anatina    
  +--+                       
     +-- Pyganodon_grandis **   

Soroka, 2008 [Publ 3695], fig. 1-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 3 2 2 --
  +----- Sinanodonta_woodiana
--+                          
  |  +-- Anodonta_anatina    
  +--+                       
     +-- Pyganodon_grandis **   

Sheng et al., 2014 [Publ 3704], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 7 1 1 --
-- Pyganodon_grandis

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3847], fig. 5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 9 1 1 --
  +-- Anodonta_anatina        
--+                           
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Pieri et al., 2018 [Publ 3867], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 36 0 0 --
-- Arcidens_confragosus

Lopes-Lima et al., 2019 [Publ 3901], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 27 1 1 --
  +-- Anodonta_nuttalliana
--+                       
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **   

Lopes-Lima et al., 2019 [Publ 3901], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 28 1 1 --
  +-- Anodonta_nuttalliana
--+                       
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **   

Lopes-Lima et al., 2019 [Publ 3901], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 25 1 1 --
  +-- Anodonta_nuttalliana
--+                       
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **   

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 4-5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 56 3 2 --
     +-- Cristaria_plicata   
  +--+                       
  |  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana
--+                          
  |  +-- Anodonta_cygnea     
  +--+                       
     +-- Pyganodon_grandis **   

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 6

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 56 3 2 --
     +-- Cristaria_plicata   
  +--+                       
  |  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana
--+                          
  |  +-- Anodonta_cygnea     
  +--+                       
     +-- Pyganodon_grandis **   

Inoue et al., 2020 [Publ 3941], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 43 0 0 --
-- Arcidens_confragosus

Inoue et al., 2020 [Publ 3941], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 42 0 0 --
-- Arcidens_confragosus

Metzger et al., 2018 [Publ 3952], fig. 1C

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 2 0 0 --
-- Lasmigona_costata

Hewitt et al., 2019 [Publ 3962], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 15 0 0 --
-- Pyganodon_grandis

Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 35 4 2 --
        +-- Anodonta_anatina  
  +-----+                     
  |     +-- Pyganodon_grandis ** 
--+                           
  |  +----- Cristaria_plicata 
  +--+                        
     |  +-- Sinanodonta_lucida
     +--+                     
        +-- Anemina_euscaphys 

Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. S5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 38 6 2 --
           +-- Anodonta_anatina    
  +--------+                       
  |        +-- Pyganodon_grandis **   
--+                                
  |  +-------- Cristaria_plicata   
  |  |                             
  +--+     +-- Anemina_arcaeformis 
     |  +--+                       
     |  |  +-- Anemina_euscaphys   
     +--+                          
        |  +-- Sinanodonta_lucida  
        +--+                       
           +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana

Page updated: 07:02:23 Thu 04 Apr 2024

 
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