MUSSELpdb | tribe Popenaiadini

	Home \| About \| Database \| Mussel of the Month \| Publications & Presentations


MUSSELpdb
	Introduction Browse d'basing


Taxonomy
	all genera Unionidae Margaritiferidae Hyriidae Etheriidae Mycetopodidae Iridinidae Species & Genus Richness by Taxonomy


Geography
	Summary North America Central America South America Afrotropics North Eurasia East Asia Australasia Species Richness & Endemism by Geography

Page last updated
Wed 27 Nov 2024

The Freshwater Mussels (Unionoida) of the World (and other less consequential bivalves)

FM(U)otW(aolcb) is the web version of the MUSSEL Project Database. Follow the links to browse the data or use the custom Google search field. Either way, you win!

Cladomics pages are experimental — even more so than the rest of this site!

The purpose of the cladomics pages for each genus and family-group level taxon is to provide statistics and references indicating the extent to which published phylogenetic work supports the classification used here.

The Cladomics Summary provides an overview of the number of studies that have included terminal species representing this taxon as well as an indication of how frequently it has been recovered as monophyletic.

Following the summary, the available published clades representing the taxon are listed.

For more information, visit the Cladomics FARQ (frequently asked rhetorical questions) page. Abbreviations for the various statistics are explained on the FARQ!

Search the database pages:

Bivalvia | Unionoida | Unionoidea | Unionidae | Ambleminae

tribe POPENAIADINI Heard & Guckert, 1970: cladomics
9 genera

Cladomics Summary

number of species = 59
number of subtaxa (rank: genus) = 9

analyzed in 36 cladograms in 23 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis = 8, mean = 1.67
maximum number of subtaxa (genus) in an analysis = 3, mean = 1.28

Basic Monophyly

number of cladograms that test basic monophyly (i.e., more than 1 included species) = 7
maximum number of included terminals = 8, mean = 4.43
maximum number of subtaxa (genus) = 3, mean = 2.43
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly = 0.57

Rigorous Monophyly

number of cladograms that test rigorous monophyly = 7
(Rigorous monophyly refers to cladograms with terminal species representing more than one subtaxon (genus) taxon and at least one rigorous outgroup (tribe).
maximum number of included terminals = 8, mean = 4.43
maximum number of subtaxa (genus) = 3, mean = 2.43
proportion of cladograms that support rigorous monophyly = 0.57

Pairwise Cladogram Clustering

The graphs below depict in two dimensions all pair-wise ingroup distances within the cladome. See the Cladmoics FARQ for more information.

PCoA Ordination

NJ tree

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3866], fig. 1

iT	tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
7	19	18	3	28	27	4	0.0

*** Top Monophyly Cladogram ***

  +----------------------------------- Quadrulini             
  |                                                           
--+  +-------------------------------- Pleurobemini           
  |  |                                                        
  +--+  +----------------------------- Amblemini              
     |  |                                                     
     |  |                          +-- Popenaias **              
     +--+  +-----------------------+                          
        |  |                       +-- Psoronaias **             
        |  |                                                  
        +--+                       +-- Cyrtonaias_tampicoensis
           |  +--------------------+                          
           |  |                    +-- Glebula                
           |  |                                               
           +--+  +-------------------- Potamilus              
              |  |                                            
              |  |                 +-- Truncilla              
              +--+  +--------------+                          
                 |  |              +-- Ptychobranchus         
                 |  |                                         
                 +--+  +-------------- Pachynaias             
                    |  |                                      
                    |  |           +-- Cyrtonaias_explicata   
                    +--+  +--------+                          
                       |  |        +-- Sphenonaias **            
                       |  |                                   
                       +--+        +-- Lampsilis              
                          |  +-----+                          
                          |  |     +-- Ortmanniana            
                          +--+                                
                             |  +----- Cambarunio             
                             +--+                             
                                |  +-- Epioblasma             
                                +--+                          
                                   +-- Ligumia

Campbell et al., 2005 [Publ 2660], fig. 1

iT	tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	101	89	4	--

*** Top Sister-Group Cladogram ***

  +-------------- Quadrulini  
  |                           
--+  +----------- Pleurobemini
  |  |                        
  +--+        +-- Plectomerus 
     |  +-----+               
     |  |     +-- Reginaia    
     +--+                     
        |  +----- Lampsilini  
        +--+                  
           |  +-- Popenaias **   
           +--+               
              +-- Amblema

Inoue et al., 2020 [Publ 4128], fig. 3

iT	tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
8	19	21	3	17	17	3	25.0

  +----------------------------------------- Quadrulini             
  |                                                                 
--+  +-------------------------------------- Reginaia               
  |  |                                                              
  +--+  +----------------------------------- Amblema                
     |  |                                                           
     +--+                                +-- Popenaias **              
        |  +-----------------------------+                          
        |  |                             +-- Psoronaias **             
        +--+                                                        
           |  +----------------------------- Cyrtonaias_tampicoensis
           |  |                                                     
           +--+  +-------------------------- Ptychobranchus         
              |  |                                                  
              +--+  +----------------------- Ligumia                
                 |  |                                               
                 +--+  +-------------------- Potamilus              
                    |  |                                            
                    +--+  +----------------- Pachynaias             
                       |  |                                         
                       |  |              +-- Epioblasma             
                       +--+  +-----------+                          
                          |  |           +-- Truncilla              
                          |  |                                      
                          +--+           +-- Ortmanniana            
                             |  +--------+                          
                             |  |        +-- Lampsilis              
                             +--+                                   
                                |  +-------- Cambarunio             
                                +--+                                
                                   |  +----- Sphenonaias_microdon__2 **
                                   +--+                             
                                      |  +-- Cyrtonaias_explicata   
                                      +--+                          
                                         +-- Sphenonaias_microdon__1 **

Inoue et al., 2020 [Publ 4128], fig. 2

iT	tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
8	20	11	3	18	18	3	12.0

  +-------------------------- Quadrulini             
  |                                                  
--+  +----------------------- Reginaia               
  |  |                                               
  +--+  +-------------------- Amblema                
     |  |                                            
     |  |                 +-- Popenaias **              
     +--+  +--------------+                          
        |  |              +-- Psoronaias **             
        |  |                                         
        +--+              +-- Glebula                
           |  +-----------+                          
           |  |           +-- Cyrtonaias_tampicoensis
           |  |                                      
           +--+  +----------- Potamilus              
              |  |                                   
              |  |        +-- Ptychobranchus         
              +--+  +-----+                          
                 |  |     +-- Truncilla              
                 |  |                                
                 |  |  +----- Ortmanniana            
                 +--+  |                             
                    |  +----- Epioblasma             
                    |  |                             
                    |  +----- Lampsilis              
                    |  |                             
                    +--+----- Ligumia                
                       |                             
                       +----- Cambarunio             
                       |                             
                       +----- Pachynaias             
                       |                             
                       |  +-- Cyrtonaias_explicata   
                       +--+                          
                          +-- Sphenonaias **

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 6

iT	tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
2	2	0	2	55	13	4	--

  +----------- Quadrulini  
  |                        
--+        +-- Pleurobemini
  |  +-----+               
  |  |     +-- Amblemini   
  +--+                     
     |  +----- Lampsilini  
     +--+                  
        |  +-- Psoronaias **  
        +--+               
           +-- Popenaias **

Smith et al., 2020 [Publ 4129], fig. 1

iT	tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
2	2	0	2	26	26	4	--

  +-------------- Quadrulini  
--+                           
  |  +----------- Pleurobemini
  +--+                        
     |  +-------- Amblemini   
     +--+                     
        |  +----- Lampsilini  
        +--+                  
           |  +-- Popenaias **   
           +--+               
              +-- Psoronaias **

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 4-5

iT	tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
2	2	0	2	55	13	4	--

  +-------------- Quadrulini  
--+                           
  |  +----------- Pleurobemini
  +--+                        
     |  +-------- Amblemini   
     +--+                     
        |  +----- Lampsilini  
        +--+                  
           |  +-- Psoronaias **  
           +--+               
              +-- Popenaias **

Smith et al., 2020 [Publ 4129], fig. 2-3

iT	tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
2	2	0	2	26	26	4	--

  +-------------- Quadrulini  
--+                           
  |  +----------- Pleurobemini
  +--+                        
     |  +-------- Amblemini   
     +--+                     
        |  +----- Lampsilini  
        +--+                  
           |  +-- Popenaias **   
           +--+               
              +-- Psoronaias **

Campbell et al., 2005 [Publ 2660], fig. 2

iT	tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	101	89	4	--

  +-------------------------- Quadrulini                    
  |                                                         
  |  +----------------------- Pleurobemini                  
--+  |                                                      
  |  |                 +----- Popenaias **                     
  |  |  +--------------+                                    
  |  |  |              |  +-- Amblema                       
  +--+  |              +--+                                 
     |  |                 +-- Reginaia                      
     |  |                                                   
     |  |                 +-- Plectomerus                   
     |  |  +--------------+                                 
     +--+  |              +-- Toxolasma                     
        |  |                                                
        |  |           +----- Obliquaria                    
        |  |  +--------+                                    
        |  |  |        |  +-- Cyrtonaias                    
        |  |  |        +--+                                 
        |  |  |           +-- Glebula                       
        |  |  |                                             
        +--+  |  +----------- Sagittunio                    
           |  |  |                                          
           |  |  +----------- Leaunio                       
           |  |  |                                          
           |  |  +----------- Potamilus                     
           |  |  |                                          
           |  |  +----------- Hamiota                       
           |  |  |                                          
           |  |  |        +-- Ellipsaria                    
           +--+  +--------+                                 
              |  |        +-- Truncilla                     
              |  |                                          
              |  |     +----- Lampsilis_teres               
              |  +-----+                                    
              |  |     |  +-- Ortmanniana_ligamentina       
              |  |     +--+                                 
              |  |        +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea         
              |  |                                          
              |  |     +----- Villosa                       
              |  +-----+                                    
              |  |     |  +-- Ligumia                       
              |  |     +--+                                 
              |  |        +-- Cambarunio                    
              |  |                                          
              +--+  +-------- Ortmanniana_pectorosa         
                 +--+                                       
                 |  |  +----- Lampsilis_ornata              
                 |  +--+                                    
                 |     |  +-- Lampsilis_cardium             
                 |     +--+                                 
                 |        +-- Lampsilis_ovata               
                 |                                          
                 |  +-------- Obovaria_olivaria             
                 |  |                                       
                 |  +-------- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis__2
                 +--+                                       
                 |  +-------- Epioblasma                    
                 |  |                                       
                 |  |  +----- Obovaria_unicolor             
                 |  +--+                                    
                 |     |  +-- Obovaria_arkansasensis        
                 |     +--+                                 
                 |        +-- Obovaria_subrotunda           
                 |                                          
                 |        +-- Ptychobranchus                
                 |  +-----+                                 
                 |  |     +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis__1
                 |  |                                       
                 +--+  +----- Medionidus_conradicus         
                    |  |                                    
                    |  |  +-- Lemiox                        
                    +--+--+                                 
                       |  +-- Medionidus_acutissimus        
                       |                                    
                       |  +-- Dromus                        
                       +--+                                 
                          +-- Cyprogenia

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 3

iT	tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	73	14	4	--

  +----------- Quadrulini  
--+                        
  |  +-------- Pleurobemini
  +--+                     
     |  +----- Amblemini   
     +--+                  
        |  +-- Popenaias **   
        +--+               
           +-- Lampsilini

Mejia-Trujillo & Smith, 2022 [Publ 4274], fig. 2-F

iT	tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	14	14	4	--

     +----------- Toxolasma            
  +--+                                 
  |  |  +-------- Popenaias **            
  |  +--+                              
  |     |  +----- Amblemini            
  |     +--+                           
--+        |  +-- Quadrulini           
  |        +--+                        
  |           +-- Pleurobemini         
  |                                    
  |  +----------- Potamilus            
  |  |                                 
  +--+        +-- Lampsilis_cardium    
     |  +-----+                        
     |  |     +-- Lampsilis_ornata     
     +--+                              
        |  +----- Venustaconcha        
        +--+                           
           |  +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea
           +--+                        
              +-- Lampsilis_powellii

Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 5

iT	tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	52	14	4	--

  +----------- Quadrulini  
--+                        
  |  +-------- Pleurobemini
  +--+                     
     |  +----- Amblemini   
     +--+                  
        |  +-- Popenaias **   
        +--+               
           +-- Lampsilini

Inoue et al., 2018 [Publ 3858], fig. 1_3a-c

iT	tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	103	81	4	--

  +-------- Reginaia           
  |                            
  +-------- Amblema            
  |                            
  |     +-- Quadrulini         
  +-----+                      
  |     +-- Pleurobemini       
--+                            
  |  +----- Popenaias **          
  |  |                         
  |  |  +-- Dromus             
  |  |  |                      
  |  |  +-- Epioblasma         
  |  |  |                      
  +--+  +-- Glebula            
     |  |                      
     |  +-- Lampsilis_ovata    
     |  |                      
     |  +-- Lampsilis_virescens
     |  |                      
     |  +-- Lemiox             
     +--+                      
        +-- Obliquaria         
        |                      
        +-- Obovaria_olivaria  
        |                      
        +-- Obovaria_unicolor  
        |                      
        +-- Plectomerus        
        |                      
        +-- Potamilus_alatus   
        |                      
        +-- Potamilus_capax

Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3308], fig. 4

iT	tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	41	41	4	--

  +----------------- Quadrulini  
  |                              
--+  +-------------- Pleurobemini
  |  |                           
  |  |           +-- Popenaias **   
  +--+  +--------+               
     |  |        +-- Amblema     
     |  |                        
     +--+  +-------- Plectomerus 
        |  |                     
        |  |     +-- Cyrtonaias  
        +--+-----+               
           |     +-- Reginaia    
           |                     
           |  +----- Lemiox      
           +--+                  
              |  +-- Lampsilis   
              +--+               
                 +-- Obovaria

Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3309], fig. 3

iT	tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	72	72	4	--

  +----------------------------------- Quadrulini            
  |                                                          
--+  +-------------------------------- Pleurobemini          
  |  |                                                       
  |  |                             +-- Amblema               
  +--+  +--------------------------+                         
     |  |                          +-- Reginaia              
     |  |                                                    
     +--+  +-------------------------- Popenaias **             
        |  |                                                 
        |  |                       +-- Glebula               
        +--+  +--------------------+                         
           |  |                    +-- Paetulunio            
           |  |                                              
           +--+                    +-- Toxolasma             
              |  +-----------------+                         
              |  |                 +-- Plectomerus           
              |  |                                           
              +--+  +----------------- Obliquaria            
                 |  |                                        
                 |  |           +----- Potamilus             
                 +--+  +--------+                            
                    |  |        |  +-- Dromus                
                    |  |        +--+                         
                    +--+           +-- Lemiox                
                       |                                     
                       |  +----------- Lampsilis_ovata       
                       |  |                                  
                       +--+  +-------- Lampsilis_virescens   
                          |  |                               
                          +--+     +-- Epioblasma            
                             |  +--+                         
                             |  |  +-- Obovaria_arkansasensis
                             +--+                            
                                |  +-- Obovaria_olivaria     
                                +--+                         
                                   +-- Venustaconcha

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-aa

iT	tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	95	16	4	--

  +----------- Quadrulini  
--+                        
  |  +-------- Pleurobemini
  +--+                     
     |  +----- Amblemini   
     +--+                  
        |  +-- Popenaias **   
        +--+               
           +-- Lampsilini

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 4

iT	tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	68	11	4	--

  +----------- Quadrulini  
--+                        
  |  +-------- Pleurobemini
  +--+                     
     |  +----- Amblemini   
     +--+                  
        |  +-- Popenaias **   
        +--+               
           +-- Lampsilini

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8b_S2

iT	tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	91	16	4	--

  +----------- Quadrulini  
--+                        
  |  +-------- Pleurobemini
  +--+                     
     |  +----- Amblemini   
     +--+                  
        |  +-- Popenaias **   
        +--+               
           +-- Lampsilini

Teiga-Teixeira et al., 2020 [Publ 4173], fig. 1

iT	tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	18	13	4	--

  +----------- Quadrulini  
--+                        
  |  +-------- Pleurobemini
  +--+                     
     |  +----- Amblemini   
     +--+                  
        |  +-- Popenaias **   
        +--+               
           +-- Lampsilini

Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3309], fig. 1-2

iT	tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	72	72	4	--

  +-------------- Quadrulini  
  |                           
--+  +----------- Pleurobemini
  |  |                        
  +--+        +-- Plectomerus 
     |  +-----+               
     |  |     +-- Reginaia    
     +--+                     
        |  +----- Lampsilini  
        +--+                  
           |  +-- Popenaias **   
           +--+               
              +-- Amblema

Neemuchwala et al., 2023 [Publ 4292], fig. 2

iT	tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	26	25	4	--

  +----------- Quadrulini  
--+                        
  |  +-------- Pleurobemini
  +--+                     
     |  +----- Amblemini   
     +--+                  
        |  +-- Lampsilini  
        +--+               
           +-- Popenaias **

Smith et al., 2019 [Publ 3951], fig. 2

iT	tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	40	40	3	--

  +-------------------------------------- Quadrulini             
  |                                                              
  |                                   +-- Amblema                
--+  +--------------------------------+                          
  |  |                                +-- Reginaia               
  |  |                                                           
  +--+  +-------------------------------- Plectomerus            
     |  |                                                        
     |  |  +----------------------------- Toxolasma              
     +--+  |                                                     
        |  |                       +----- Popenaias **              
        |  |  +--------------------+                             
        +--+  |                    |  +-- Glebula                
           |  |                    +--+                          
           |  |                       +-- Cyrtonaias             
           |  |                                                  
           +--+  +----------------------- Obliquaria             
              |  |                                               
              |  |                    +-- Medionidus             
              |  |                 +--+                          
              |  |                 |  +-- Lemiox                 
              +--+  +--------------+                             
                 |  |              |  +-- Cyprogenia             
                 |  |              +--+                          
                 |  |                 +-- Ptychobranchus         
                 |  |                                            
                 +--+           +-------- Potamilus              
                    |  +--------+                                
                    |  |        |  +----- Atlanticoncha          
                    |  |        +--+                             
                    |  |           |  +-- Ellipsaria             
                    |  |           +--+                          
                    +--+              +-- Truncilla              
                       |                                         
                       |              +-- Hamiota                
                       |  +-----------+                          
                       |  |           +-- Villosa                
                       |  |                                      
                       +--+  +----------- Ligumia                
                          |  |                                   
                          |  |     +----- Venustaconcha          
                          +--+  +--+                             
                             |  |  |  +-- Obovaria               
                             |  |  +--+                          
                             +--+     +-- Epioblasma             
                                |                                
                                |  +----- Ortmanniana_pectorosa  
                                +--+                             
                                   |  +-- Ortmanniana_ligamentina
                                   +--+                          
                                      +-- Lampsilis

Zanatta & Murphy, 2006 [Publ 2672], fig. 1

iT	tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	55	53	3	--

  +-------- Lampsilini  
--+                     
  |  +----- Pleurobemini
  +--+                  
     |  +-- Amblemini   
     +--+               
        +-- Popenaias **

Zanatta & Murphy, 2006 [Publ 2672], fig. 2

iT	tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	56	54	3	--

  +----- Pleurobemini
  |                  
--+  +-- Amblemini   
  |  |               
  +--+-- Popenaias **   
     |               
     +-- Lampsilini

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8a_S1

iT	tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	91	16	4	--

  +----------- Quadrulini  
--+                        
  |  +-------- Pleurobemini
  +--+                     
     |  +----- Amblemini   
     +--+                  
        |  +-- Popenaias **   
        +--+               
           +-- Lampsilini

Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3308], fig. 1

iT	tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	41	41	4	--

  +-------------------- Quadrulini  
  |                                 
--+  +----------------- Pleurobemini
  |  |                              
  |  |              +-- Popenaias **   
  +--+  +-----------+               
     |  |           +-- Amblema     
     |  |                           
     +--+           +-- Cyrtonaias  
        |  +--------+               
        |  |        +-- Reginaia    
        +--+                        
           |  +-------- Plectomerus 
           +--+                     
              |  +----- Lemiox      
              +--+                  
                 |  +-- Lampsilis   
                 +--+               
                    +-- Obovaria

Burlakova et al., 2012 [Publ 3486], fig. 1

iT	tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	40	40	3	--

  +----------- Amblema     
  |                        
--+        +-- Lampsilis   
  |  +-----+               
  |  |     +-- Plectomerus 
  +--+                     
     |  +----- Popenaias **   
     +--+                  
        |  +-- Cyrtonaias  
        +--+               
           +-- Pleurobemini

Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3308], fig. 2

iT	tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	41	41	4	--

  +-------------------- Quadrulini  
  |                                 
--+  +----------------- Pleurobemini
  |  |                              
  +--+              +-- Reginaia    
     |  +-----------+               
     |  |           +-- Amblema     
     +--+                           
        |  +----------- Popenaias **   
        |  |                        
        +--+  +-------- Cyrtonaias  
           |  |                     
           +--+-------- Plectomerus 
              |                     
              |  +----- Lemiox      
              +--+                  
                 |  +-- Lampsilis   
                 +--+               
                    +-- Obovaria

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-nt

iT	tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	95	16	4	--

  +----------- Quadrulini  
--+                        
  |  +-------- Pleurobemini
  +--+                     
     |  +----- Amblemini   
     +--+                  
        |  +-- Popenaias **   
        +--+               
           +-- Lampsilini

Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3308], fig. 3

iT	tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	42	42	4	--

  +-------------------------------- Quadrulini          
  |                                                     
  |                 +-------------- Elliptoideus        
  |  +--------------+                                   
  |  |              |  +----------- Plectomerus         
--+  |              +--+                                
  |  |                 |  +-------- Obovaria_unicolor   
  |  |                 +--+                             
  |  |                    |  +----- Obovaria_olivaria   
  |  |                    +--+                          
  |  |                       |  +-- Lampsilis           
  +--+                       +--+                       
     |                          +-- Lemiox              
     |                                                  
     |                    +-------- Cyrtonaias          
     |  +-----------------+                             
     |  |                 |  +----- Reginaia            
     |  |                 +--+                          
     |  |                    |  +-- Popenaias **           
     +--+                    +--+                       
        |                       +-- Amblema             
        |                                               
        |  +----------------------- Elliptio            
        |  |                                            
        +--+  +-------------------- Eurynia             
           |  |                                         
           |  |  +----------------- Parvaspina          
           +--+  |                                      
              |  |              +-- Hemistena           
              |  +--------------+                       
              +--+              +-- Plethobasus         
                 |                                      
                 |  +-------------- Pleuronaia          
                 |  |                                   
                 |  |           +-- Pleurobema_cordatum 
                 +--+  +--------+                       
                    |  |        +-- Fusconaia           
                    |  |                                
                    +--+        +-- Pleurobema_stabile  
                       |  +-----+                       
                       |  |     +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia 
                       +--+                             
                          |  +----- Pleurobema_decisum  
                          +--+                          
                             |  +-- Pleurobema_clava    
                             +--+                       
                                +-- Pleurobema_pyriforme

Chapman et al., 2008 [Publ 2667], fig. 1

iT	tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	20	19	4	--

  +-------------- Quadrulini  
--+                           
  |  +----------- Pleurobemini
  +--+                        
     |  +-------- Amblema     
     +--+                     
        |  +----- Plectomerus 
        +--+                  
           |  +-- Popenaias **   
           +--+               
              +-- Lampsilini

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-BI

iT	tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	73	14	4	--

  +----------- Quadrulini  
--+                        
  |  +-------- Pleurobemini
  +--+                     
     |  +----- Amblemini   
     +--+                  
        |  +-- Popenaias **   
        +--+               
           +-- Lampsilini

Chapman et al., 2008 [Publ 2744], fig. 2

iT	tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	20	19	4	--

  +-------------- Quadrulini  
--+                           
  |  +----------- Pleurobemini
  +--+                        
     |  +-------- Amblema     
     +--+                     
        |  +----- Plectomerus 
        +--+                  
           |  +-- Popenaias **   
           +--+               
              +-- Lampsilini

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4358], fig. 4

iT	tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	51	11	4	--

  +----------- Quadrulini  
--+                        
  |  +-------- Pleurobemini
  +--+                     
     |  +----- Amblemini   
     +--+                  
        |  +-- Popenaias **   
        +--+               
           +-- Lampsilini

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-ML

iT	tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	73	14	4	--

  +----------- Quadrulini  
--+                        
  |  +-------- Pleurobemini
  +--+                     
     |  +----- Amblemini   
     +--+                  
        |  +-- Popenaias **   
        +--+               
           +-- Lampsilini

Burlakova et al., 2019 [Publ 3899], fig. 1

iT	tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	32	32	4	--

  +-------------------------- Quadrulini           
  |                                                
  |  +----------------------- Plectomerus          
--+  |                                             
  |  |  +-------------------- Popenaias **            
  |  |  |                                          
  |  |  +-------------------- Pleurobemini         
  +--+  |                                          
     |  |                 +-- Cyrtonaias           
     |  |              +--+                        
     |  |              |  +-- Glebula              
     |  +--------------+                           
     |  |              |  +-- Reginaia             
     +--+              +--+                        
        |                 +-- Obliquaria           
        |                                          
        |  +----------------- Toxolasma            
        |  |                                       
        |  |  +-------------- Potamilus            
        |  |  |                                    
        |  |  |           +-- Ellipsaria           
        |  |  +-----------+                        
        +--+  |           +-- Truncilla            
           |  |                                    
           |  |        +----- Medionidus           
           |  +--------+                           
           |  |        |  +-- Lemiox               
           |  |        +--+                        
           +--+           +-- Dromus               
              |                                    
              |  +----------- Cambarunio           
              |  |                                 
              |  +----------- Leaunio              
              |  |                                 
              |  +----------- Villosa              
              |  |                                 
              |  |        +-- Sagittunio           
              |  +--------+                        
              +--+        +-- Lampsilis_ovata      
                 |                                 
                 |     +----- Venustaconcha        
                 +-----+                           
                 |     |  +-- Epioblasma           
                 |     +--+                        
                 |        +-- Obovaria             
                 |                                 
                 |  +-------- Lampsilis_teres      
                 +--+                              
                    |  +----- Lampsilis_siliquoidea
                    +--+                           
                       |  +-- Lampsilis_hydiana    
                       +--+                        
                          +-- Lampsilis_straminea

Page updated: 10:45:44 Wed 27 Nov 2024

"Making the world a better place, one mollusk at a time."
	The MUSSEL Project — Home Page http://www.mussel-project.net/. Site developed and maintained by Dan Graf & Kevin Cummings. Hosted by The University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point. Funded by The National Science Foundation.