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Page last updated
Tue 01 Jul 2025

The Freshwater Mussels (Unionoida) of the World (and other less consequential bivalves)

FM(U)otW(aolcb) is the web version of the MUSSEL Project Database. Follow the links to browse the data or use the custom Google search field. Either way, you win!

Cladomics pages are experimental — even more so than the rest of this site!

The purpose of the cladomics pages for each genus and family-group level taxon is to provide statistics and references indicating the extent to which published phylogenetic work supports the classification used here.

The Cladomics Summary provides an overview of the number of studies that have included terminal species representing this taxon as well as an indication of how frequently it has been recovered as monophyletic.

Following the summary, the available published clades representing the taxon are listed.

For more information, visit the Cladomics FARQ (frequently asked rhetorical questions) page. Abbreviations for the various statistics are explained on the FARQ!

Search the database pages:

Bivalvia | Unionoida | Unionoidea | Unionidae | Unioninae

tribe UNIONINI Rafinesque, 1820: cladomics
     14 genera

Cladomics Summary

number of species = 106
number of subtaxa (rank: genus) = 14

analyzed in 252 cladograms in 142 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis = 49, mean = 7.14
maximum number of subtaxa (genus) in an analysis = 11, mean = 2.98

Basic Monophyly

number of cladograms that test basic monophyly (i.e., more than 1 included species) = 213
maximum number of included terminals = 49, mean = 8.26
maximum number of subtaxa (genus) = 11, mean = 3.34
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly = 0.85

Rigorous Monophyly

number of cladograms that test rigorous monophyly = 120
(Rigorous monophyly refers to cladograms with terminal species representing more than one subtaxon (genus) taxon and at least one rigorous outgroup (tribe).
maximum number of included terminals = 49, mean = 10.67
maximum number of subtaxa (genus) = 11, mean = 4.88
proportion of cladograms that support rigorous monophyly = 0.77

Pairwise Cladogram Clustering

The graphs below depict in two dimensions all pair-wise ingroup distances within the cladome. See the Cladmoics FARQ for more information.


PCoA Ordination


NJ tree

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
22 22 19 11 23 14 4 0.0

*** Top Monophyly Cladogram *** 

                                   +-- Anemina               
  +--------------------------------+                         
  |                                +-- Amuranodonta          
  |                                                          
  |                             +----- Pletholophus          
--+  +--------------------------+                            
  |  |                          |  +-- Sinanodonta           
  |  |                          +--+                         
  |  |                             +-- Beringiana            
  +--+                                                       
     |                             +-- Alasmidontina         
     |  +--------------------------+                         
     |  |                          +-- Anodontina            
     |  |                                                    
     +--+  +-------------------------- Lanceolaria_gladiola  
        |  |                                                 
        |  +-------------------------- Lanceolaria_oxyrhyncha
        |  |                                                 
        +--+-------------------------- Cristaria             
           |                                                 
           |  +----------------------- Acuticostini          
           |  |                                              
           |  +----------------------- Lepidodesmini         
           +--+                                              
              |  +-------------------- Globunio **              
              |  |                                           
              +--+  +----------------- Aculamprotula **         
                 |  |                                        
                 |  |              +-- Middendorffinaia **      
                 +--+  +-----------+                         
                    |  |           +-- Nodularia **             
                    |  |                                     
                    +--+  +----------- Cuneopsis **             
                       |  |                                  
                       |  |        +-- Diaurora **              
                       +--+--------+                         
                          |        +-- Schistodesmus **         
                          |                                  
                          |  +-------- Pseudocuneopsis **       
                          +--+                               
                             |  +----- Inversiunio **           
                             +--+                            
                                |  +-- Tchangsinaia **          
                                +--+                         
                                   +-- Unio **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 2-4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
27 27 23 8 94 43 4 25.0

*** Top Sister-Group Cladogram ***

  +-------------------- Acuticostini    
  |                                     
  +-------------------- Lepidodesmini   
  |                                     
  |                 +-- Lanceolariini   
--+-----------------+                   
  |                 +-- Anodontini      
  |                                     
  |  +----------------- Aculamprotula **   
  |  |                                  
  +--+  +-------------- Middendorffinaia **
     |  |                               
     +--+  +----------- Unio **            
        |  |                            
        +--+  +-------- Nodularia **       
           |  |                         
           +--+  +----- Schistodesmus **   
              |  |                      
              +--+----- Cuneopsis **       
                 |                      
                 |  +-- Tchangsinaia **    
                 +--+                   
                    +-- Inversiunio **

Hou et al., 2024 [Publ 4400], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
49 49 47 8 27 23 3 48.0 
  +-------------------------- Lepidodesmini   
  |                                           
--+                       +-- Lanceolariini   
  |  +--------------------+                   
  |  |                    +-- Anodontini      
  +--+                                        
     |  +-------------------- Aculamprotula **   
     +--+                                     
        |  +----------------- Unio **            
        +--+                                  
           |  +-------------- Middendorffinaia **
           +--+                               
              |  +----------- Pseudocuneopsis ** 
              +--+                            
                 |  +-------- Nodularia **       
                 +--+                         
                    |  +----- Schistodesmus **   
                    +--+                      
                       |  +-- Tchangsinaia **    
                       +--+                   
                          +-- Cuneopsis **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4379], fig. 5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
29 29 28 7 24 22 3 31.0 
  +----------------------- Lepidodesmini  
  |                                       
--+                    +-- Lanceolariini  
  |  +-----------------+                  
  |  |                 +-- Anodontini     
  +--+                                    
     |  +----------------- Aculamprotula **  
     +--+                                 
        |  +-------------- Unio **           
        +--+                              
           |  +----------- Pseudocuneopsis **
           +--+                           
              |  +-------- Nodularia **      
              +--+                        
                 |  +----- Schistodesmus **  
                 +--+                     
                    |  +-- Tchangsinaia **   
                    +--+                  
                       +-- Cuneopsis **

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
29 63 61 9 59 15 4 63.0 
              +-------------- Chamberlainiini
              |                              
  +-----------+           +-- Contradentini  
  |           |  +--------+                  
  |           |  |        +-- Rectidentini   
  |           +--+                           
  |              |  +-------- Lamprotulini   
  |              +--+                        
  |                 |  +----- Pseudodontini  
--+                 +--+                     
  |                    |  +-- Inversiunio **    
  |                    +--+                  
  |                       +-- Gonideini      
  |                                          
  |  +----------------------- Lepidodesmini  
  |  |                                       
  |  |                 +----- Anodontini     
  +--+  +--------------+                     
     |  |              |  +-- Acuticostini   
     |  |              +--+                  
     +--+                 +-- Lanceolariini  
        |                                    
        |  +----------------- Globunio **       
        |  |                                 
        +--+  +-------------- Aculamprotula **  
           |  |                              
           +--+  +----------- Unio **           
              |  |                           
              +--+        +-- Nodularia **      
                 |  +-----+                  
                 |  |     +-- Pseudocuneopsis **
                 +--+                        
                    |  +----- Schistodesmus **  
                    +--+                     
                       |  +-- Tchangsinaia **   
                       +--+                  
                          +-- Cuneopsis **

Hou et al., 2025 [Publ 4432], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
26 26 24 6 2 2 1 35.0 
  +----------------- Lepidodesmini   
--+                                  
  |  +-------------- Middendorffinaia **
  +--+                               
     |  +----------- Pseudocuneopsis ** 
     +--+                            
        |  +-------- Nodularia **       
        +--+                         
           |  +----- Schistodesmus **   
           +--+                      
              |  +-- Tchangsinaia **    
              +--+                   
                 +-- Cuneopsis **

Hou et al., 2025 [Publ 4401], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
26 26 24 6 2 2 1 35.0 
  +----------------- Lepidodesmini   
--+                                  
  |  +-------------- Middendorffinaia **
  +--+                               
     |  +----------- Pseudocuneopsis ** 
     +--+                            
        |  +-------- Nodularia **       
        +--+                         
           |  +----- Schistodesmus **   
           +--+                      
              |  +-- Tchangsinaia **    
              +--+                   
                 +-- Cuneopsis **

Lyubas et al., 2022 [Publ 4255], fig. S1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
23 23 14 1 8 5 1 41.0 
  +-- Anodontini
--+             
  +-- Unio **

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 2d

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
23 23 21 8 15 15 4 22.0 
  +-------------------------- Lepidodesmini  
  |                                          
  |                    +----- Lanceolariini  
--+  +-----------------+                     
  |  |                 |  +-- Acuticostini   
  |  |                 +--+                  
  +--+                    +-- Anodontini     
     |                                       
     |  +-------------------- Aculamprotula **  
     +--+                                    
        |  +----------------- Unio **           
        +--+                                 
           |  +-------------- Pseudocuneopsis **
           +--+                              
              |  +----------- Nodularia **      
              +--+                           
                 |  +-------- Schistodesmus **  
                 +--+                        
                    |  +----- Cuneopsis **      
                    +--+                     
                       |  +-- Tchangsinaia **   
                       +--+                  
                          +-- Inversiunio **

Lyubas et al., 2022 [Publ 4255], fig. 7

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
23 23 20 1 8 5 1 41.0 
  +-- Anodontini
--+             
  +-- Unio **

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
22 22 17 11 23 14 4 6.0 
                                   +----- Pletholophus    
  +--------------------------------+                      
  |                                |  +-- Sinanodonta     
  |                                +--+                   
  |                                   +-- Beringiana      
--+                                                       
  |  +----------------------------------- Cristaria       
  |  |                                                    
  |  |                                +-- Alasmidontina   
  |  +--------------------------------+                   
  +--+                                +-- Anodontina      
     |                                                    
     |  +-------------------------------- Lanceolariini   
     |  |                                                 
     +--+  +----------------------------- Lepidodesmini   
        |  |                                              
        +--+  +-------------------------- Acuticostini    
           |  |                                           
           +--+  +----------------------- Globunio **        
              |  |                                        
              +--+  +-------------------- Aculamprotula **   
                 |  |                                     
                 +--+  +----------------- Middendorffinaia **
                    |  |                                  
                    +--+  +-------------- Nodularia **       
                       |  |                               
                       +--+  +----------- Cuneopsis **       
                          |  |                            
                          |  |        +-- Diaurora **        
                          +--+--------+                   
                             |        +-- Schistodesmus **   
                             |                            
                             |  +-------- Pseudocuneopsis ** 
                             +--+                         
                                |  +----- Unio **            
                                +--+                      
                                   |  +-- Tchangsinaia **    
                                   +--+                   
                                      +-- Inversiunio **

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-aa

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
22 22 20 7 73 24 4 25.0 
  +-------------------- Lepidodesmini  
  |                                    
  |              +----- Anodontini     
--+  +-----------+                     
  |  |           |  +-- Acuticostini   
  |  |           +--+                  
  +--+              +-- Lanceolariini  
     |                                 
     |  +-------------- Aculamprotula **  
     |  |                              
     +--+  +----------- Unio **           
        |  |                           
        +--+        +-- Nodularia **      
           |  +-----+                  
           |  |     +-- Pseudocuneopsis **
           +--+                        
              |  +----- Tchangsinaia **   
              +--+                     
                 |  +-- Schistodesmus **  
                 +--+                  
                    +-- Cuneopsis **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8a_S1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
22 22 19 7 69 24 4 22.0 
  +-------------------- Lepidodesmini  
  |                                    
  |              +----- Anodontini     
--+  +-----------+                     
  |  |           |  +-- Acuticostini   
  |  |           +--+                  
  +--+              +-- Lanceolariini  
     |                                 
     |  +-------------- Aculamprotula **  
     |  |                              
     +--+  +----------- Unio **           
        |  |                           
        +--+  +-------- Nodularia **      
           |  |                        
           +--+-------- Pseudocuneopsis **
              |                        
              |  +----- Schistodesmus **  
              +--+                     
                 |  +-- Tchangsinaia **   
                 +--+                  
                    +-- Cuneopsis **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8b_S2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
22 22 19 7 69 24 4 22.0 
  +-------------------- Lepidodesmini  
  |                                    
  |              +----- Anodontini     
--+  +-----------+                     
  |  |           |  +-- Acuticostini   
  |  |           +--+                  
  +--+              +-- Lanceolariini  
     |                                 
     |  +-------------- Aculamprotula **  
     |  |                              
     +--+  +----------- Unio **           
        |  |                           
        +--+  +-------- Nodularia **      
           |  |                        
           +--+-------- Pseudocuneopsis **
              |                        
              |  +----- Schistodesmus **  
              +--+                     
                 |  +-- Tchangsinaia **   
                 +--+                  
                    +-- Cuneopsis **

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-nt

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
22 22 20 7 73 24 4 26.0 
  +-------------------------- Lepidodesmini               
  |                                                       
  |                    +----- Anodontini                  
--+  +-----------------+                                  
  |  |                 |  +-- Acuticostini                
  |  |                 +--+                               
  +--+                    +-- Lanceolariini               
     |                                                    
     |  +-------------------- Aculamprotula **               
     |  |                                                 
     +--+  +----------------- Unio **                        
        |  |                                              
        +--+  +-------------- Pseudocuneopsis **             
           |  |                                           
           +--+  +----------- Nodularia **                   
              |  |                                        
              +--+        +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus__1 **
                 |  +-----+                               
                 |  |     +-- Cuneopsis **                   
                 +--+                                     
                    |  +----- Tchangsinaia **                
                    +--+                                  
                       |  +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus__2 **
                       +--+                               
                          +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus **

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
20 20 18 7 53 15 4 21.0 
  +----------------------- Lepidodesmini  
  |                                       
  |                 +----- Anodontini     
--+  +--------------+                     
  |  |              |  +-- Acuticostini   
  |  |              +--+                  
  +--+                 +-- Lanceolariini  
     |                                    
     |  +----------------- Aculamprotula **  
     +--+                                 
        |  +-------------- Unio **           
        +--+                              
           |  +----------- Pseudocuneopsis **
           +--+                           
              |  +-------- Nodularia **      
              +--+                        
                 |  +----- Schistodesmus **  
                 +--+                     
                    |  +-- Tchangsinaia **   
                    +--+                  
                       +-- Cuneopsis **

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 6

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
20 20 19 7 20 6 4 26.0 
  +----------------------- Lepidodesmini  
  |                                       
  |                 +----- Lanceolariini  
--+  +--------------+                     
  |  |              |  +-- Acuticostini   
  |  |              +--+                  
  +--+                 +-- Anodontini     
     |                                    
     |  +----------------- Aculamprotula **  
     +--+                                 
        |  +-------------- Unio **           
        +--+                              
           |  +----------- Pseudocuneopsis **
           +--+                           
              |  +-------- Nodularia **      
              +--+                        
                 |  +----- Schistodesmus **  
                 +--+                     
                    |  +-- Tchangsinaia **   
                    +--+                  
                       +-- Cuneopsis **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
19 45 22 6 180 26 4 50.0 
  +-------- Acuticostini         
  |                              
  +-------- Alasmidonta          
  |                              
  +-------- Anodonta_anatina     
  |                              
  +-------- Anemina              
  |                              
  +-------- Anodonta_cygnea      
  |                              
  +-------- Cristaria            
  |                              
  +-------- Anodonta_nuttalliana 
  |                              
  +-------- Lasmigona            
  |                              
  +-------- Lepidodesmini        
  |                              
  +-------- Pseudanodonta        
  |                              
  +-------- Pyganodon            
  |                              
--+-------- Simpsonaias          
  |                              
  +-------- Strophitus           
  |                              
  +-------- Schistodesmus **        
  |                              
  +-------- Utterbackia          
  |                              
  +-------- Lanceolariini        
  |                              
  +-------- Unio **                 
  |                              
  +-------- Aculamprotula **        
  |                              
  |     +-- Pletholophus         
  +-----+                        
  |     +-- Sinanodonta          
  |                              
  |  +----- Cuneopsis_celtiformis **
  |  |                           
  |  +----- Tchangsinaia **         
  |  |                           
  +--+----- Cuneopsis_rufescens **  
     |                           
     +----- Nodularia **            
     |                           
     |  +-- Cuneopsis_szechenyii ** 
     +--+                        
        +-- Cuneopsis_heudei **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
19 19 16 6 180 26 4 23.0 
  +-------------------- Acuticostini 
  |                                  
--+  +----------------- Lepidodesmini
  |  |                               
  |  |              +-- Lanceolariini
  +--+--------------+                
     |              +-- Anodontini   
     |                               
     |  +-------------- Aculamprotula **
     +--+                            
        |  +----------- Unio **         
        +--+                         
           |  +-------- Schistodesmus **
           +--+                      
              |  +----- Nodularia **    
              +--+                   
                 |  +-- Tchangsinaia ** 
                 +--+                
                    +-- Cuneopsis **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2024 [Publ 4376], fig. 4-5_MtG

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
19 19 17 3 3 3 2 36.0 
        +-- Lanceolariini
  +-----+                
  |     +-- Anodontini   
--+                      
  |  +----- Unio **         
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Tchangsinaia ** 
     +--+                
        +-- Nodularia **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2024 [Publ 4376], fig. 4-5_AHE

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
19 19 17 3 3 3 2 35.0 
        +-- Lanceolariini
  +-----+                
  |     +-- Anodontini   
--+                      
  |  +----- Unio **         
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Tchangsinaia ** 
     +--+                
        +-- Nodularia **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
18 18 16 6 179 26 4 25.0 
  +-------------------- Acuticostini 
  |                                  
  |              +----- Lepidodesmini
--+  +-----------+                   
  |  |           |  +-- Lanceolariini
  |  |           +--+                
  +--+              +-- Anodontini   
     |                               
     |  +-------------- Aculamprotula **
     +--+                            
        |  +----------- Unio **         
        +--+                         
           |  +-------- Nodularia **    
           +--+                      
              |  +----- Schistodesmus **
              +--+                   
                 |  +-- Tchangsinaia ** 
                 +--+                
                    +-- Cuneopsis **

Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
17 17 14 10 23 14 4 11.0 
  +----------------------- Acuticostini    
  |                                        
  |  +-------------------- Lepidodesmini   
--+  |                                     
  |  |                 +-- Lanceolariini   
  |  +-----------------+                   
  +--+                 +-- Anodontini      
     |                                     
     |  +----------------- Aculamprotula **   
     |  |                                  
     |  |              +-- Middendorffinaia **
     +--+  +-----------+                   
        |  |           +-- Nodularia **       
        |  |                               
        +--+  +----------- Cuneopsis **       
           |  |                            
           |  |        +-- Diaurora **        
           +--+--------+                   
              |        +-- Schistodesmus **   
              |                            
              |  +-------- Pseudocuneopsis ** 
              +--+                         
                 |  +----- Inversiunio **     
                 +--+                      
                    |  +-- Tchangsinaia **    
                    +--+                   
                       +-- Unio **

Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
17 17 14 10 23 14 4 11.0 
                          +-- Anemina               
  +-----------------------+                         
  |                       +-- Amuranodonta          
  |                                                 
  |                    +----- Pletholophus          
  |  +-----------------+                            
--+  |                 |  +-- Sinanodonta           
  |  |                 +--+                         
  |  |                    +-- Beringiana            
  |  |                                              
  |  |  +-------------------- Lanceolaria_gladiola  
  +--+  |                                           
     |  +-------------------- Acuticostini          
     |  |                                           
     |  +-------------------- Lepidodesmini         
     |  |                                           
     |  +-------------------- Lanceolaria_oxyrhyncha
     |  |                                           
     +--+-------------------- Cristaria             
        |                                           
        |                 +-- Alasmidontina         
        +-----------------+                         
        |                 +-- Anodontina            
        |                                           
        |  +----------------- Aculamprotula **         
        |  |                                        
        |  |              +-- Middendorffinaia **      
        +--+  +-----------+                         
           |  |           +-- Nodularia **             
           |  |                                     
           +--+  +----------- Cuneopsis **             
              |  |                                  
              |  |        +-- Diaurora **              
              +--+--------+                         
                 |        +-- Schistodesmus **         
                 |                                  
                 |  +-------- Pseudocuneopsis **       
                 +--+                               
                    |  +----- Inversiunio **           
                    +--+                            
                       |  +-- Tchangsinaia **          
                       +--+                         
                          +-- Unio **

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4358], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
17 17 15 7 35 10 4 25.0 
  +----------------------- Lepidodesmini  
  |                                       
  |                 +----- Lanceolariini  
--+  +--------------+                     
  |  |              |  +-- Acuticostini   
  |  |              +--+                  
  +--+                 +-- Anodontini     
     |                                    
     |  +----------------- Aculamprotula **  
     +--+                                 
        |  +-------------- Unio **           
        +--+                              
           |  +----------- Pseudocuneopsis **
           +--+                           
              |  +-------- Nodularia **      
              +--+                        
                 |  +----- Schistodesmus **  
                 +--+                     
                    |  +-- Tchangsinaia **   
                    +--+                  
                       +-- Cuneopsis **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2021 [Publ 4217], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
16 16 14 1 9 3 1 36.0 
  +-- Anodontini
--+             
  +-- Unio **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
15 15 13 7 53 17 4 22.0 
  +----------------------- Lepidodesmini  
  |                                       
  |                 +----- Anodontini     
--+  +--------------+                     
  |  |              |  +-- Acuticostini   
  |  |              +--+                  
  +--+                 +-- Lanceolariini  
     |                                    
     |  +----------------- Aculamprotula **  
     +--+                                 
        |  +-------------- Unio **           
        +--+                              
           |  +----------- Pseudocuneopsis **
           +--+                           
              |  +-------- Nodularia **      
              +--+                        
                 |  +----- Schistodesmus **  
                 +--+                     
                    |  +-- Tchangsinaia **   
                    +--+                  
                       +-- Cuneopsis **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-ML

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
15 15 13 7 58 18 4 22.0 
  +----------------------- Lepidodesmini  
  |                                       
  |                 +----- Anodontini     
--+  +--------------+                     
  |  |              |  +-- Acuticostini   
  |  |              +--+                  
  +--+                 +-- Lanceolariini  
     |                                    
     |  +----------------- Aculamprotula **  
     +--+                                 
        |  +-------------- Unio **           
        +--+                              
           |  +----------- Pseudocuneopsis **
           +--+                           
              |  +-------- Nodularia **      
              +--+                        
                 |  +----- Tchangsinaia **   
                 +--+                     
                    |  +-- Schistodesmus **  
                    +--+                  
                       +-- Cuneopsis **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-BI

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
15 15 13 7 58 18 4 22.0 
  +----------------------- Lepidodesmini  
  |                                       
  |                 +----- Anodontini     
--+  +--------------+                     
  |  |              |  +-- Acuticostini   
  |  |              +--+                  
  +--+                 +-- Lanceolariini  
     |                                    
     |  +----------------- Aculamprotula **  
     +--+                                 
        |  +-------------- Unio **           
        +--+                              
           |  +----------- Pseudocuneopsis **
           +--+                           
              |  +-------- Nodularia **      
              +--+                        
                 |  +----- Schistodesmus **  
                 +--+                     
                    |  +-- Cuneopsis **      
                    +--+                  
                       +-- Tchangsinaia **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
15 21 19 5 28 14 4 26.0 
  +----------------------------------- Anemina              
  |                                                         
--+  +-------------------------------- Acuticostini         
  |  |                                                      
  +--+  +----------------------------- Sinanodonta          
     |  |                                                   
     +--+  +-------------------------- Aculamprotula **        
        |  |                                                
        +--+                       +-- Cristaria            
           |  +--------------------+                        
           |  |                    +-- Lanceolariini        
           +--+                                             
              |  +-------------------- Lepidodesmini        
              +--+                                          
                 |  +----------------- Schistodesmus **        
                 +--+                                       
                    |  +-------------- Nodularia **            
                    +--+                                    
                       |  +----------- Cuneopsis_rufescens **  
                       +--+                                 
                          |  +-------- Tchangsinaia **         
                          +--+                              
                             |  +----- Cuneopsis_celtiformis **
                             +--+                           
                                |  +-- Cuneopsis_szechenyii ** 
                                +--+                        
                                   +-- Cuneopsis_heudei **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
15 15 13 5 30 16 4 20.0 
  +-------------------------- Anemina      
  |                                        
--+  +----------------------- Sinanodonta  
  |  |                                     
  +--+  +-------------------- Acuticostini 
     |  |                                  
     +--+                 +-- Lepidodesmini
        |  +--------------+                
        |  |              +-- Cristaria    
        +--+                               
           |  +-------------- Lanceolariini
           +--+                            
              |  +----------- Aculamprotula **
              +--+                         
                 |  +-------- Nodularia **    
                 +--+                      
                    |  +----- Tchangsinaia ** 
                    +--+                   
                       |  +-- Schistodesmus **
                       +--+                
                          +-- Cuneopsis **

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
14 14 12 7 35 13 4 23.0 
  +----------------------- Lepidodesmini  
  |                                       
  |                 +----- Anodontini     
--+  +--------------+                     
  |  |              |  +-- Acuticostini   
  |  |              +--+                  
  +--+                 +-- Lanceolariini  
     |                                    
     |  +----------------- Aculamprotula **  
     +--+                                 
        |  +-------------- Unio **           
        +--+                              
           |  +----------- Pseudocuneopsis **
           +--+                           
              |  +-------- Nodularia **      
              +--+                        
                 |  +----- Tchangsinaia **   
                 +--+                     
                    |  +-- Cuneopsis **      
                    +--+                  
                       +-- Schistodesmus **

Froufe et al., 2016 [Publ 3738], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
14 14 12 2 0 0 0 30.0 
  +-- Nodularia **
--+            
  +-- Unio **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2024 [Publ 4376], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
14 14 12 1 0 0 0 33.0 
-- (Unio

Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 3836], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
14 14 12 6 39 19 4 19.0 
  +-------------- Lepidodesmini
  |                            
  |        +----- Anodontini   
  +--------+                   
  |        |  +-- Acuticostini 
--+        +--+                
  |           +-- Lanceolariini
  |                            
  |  +----------- Aculamprotula **
  |  |                         
  +--+  +-------- Unio **         
     |  |                      
     +--+     +-- Nodularia **    
        |  +--+                
        |  |  +-- Schistodesmus **
        +--+                   
           |  +-- Tchangsinaia ** 
           +--+                
              +-- Cuneopsis **

Liu et al., 2023 [Publ 4310], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
14 14 12 8 10 8 3 29.0 
  +----------------------------- Acuticostini          
  |                                                    
--+                          +-- Lanceolaria_lanceolata
  |  +-----------------------+                         
  |  |                       +-- Lanceolaria_grayii    
  +--+                                                 
     |  +----------------------- Lanceolaria_gladiola  
     |  |                                              
     +--+  +-------------------- Anodontini            
        |  |                                           
        +--+  +----------------- Unio **                  
           |  |                                        
           +--+  +-------------- Aculamprotula **         
              |  |                                     
              +--+  +----------- Cuneopsis **             
                 |  |                                  
                 +--+        +-- Nodularia **             
                    |  +-----+                         
                    |  |     +-- Schistodesmus **         
                    +--+                               
                       |  +----- Tchangsinaia **          
                       +--+                            
                          |  +-- Inversiunio **           
                          +--+                         
                             +-- Pseudocuneopsis **

Araujo et al., 2018 [Publ 3779], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
14 14 10 2 4 3 1 32.0 
  +----- Anodontini
--+                
  |  +-- Nodularia ** 
  +--+             
     +-- Unio **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4379], fig. 4_6

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
14 17 16 3 8 3 1 28.0 
  +-------- Aculamprotula **
--+                      
  |  +----- Anodontini   
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Schistodesmus **
     +--+                
        +-- Nodularia **

Liu et al., 2023 [Publ 4310], fig. 5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
14 14 9 8 10 8 3 26.0 
  +----------------- Acuticostini          
  |                                        
  |  +-------------- Lanceolaria_grayii    
--+  |                                     
  |  +-------------- Lanceolaria_gladiola  
  |  |                                     
  +--+-------------- Lanceolaria_lanceolata
     |                                     
     |  +----------- Anodontini            
     |  |                                  
     |  |  +-------- Unio **                  
     +--+  |                               
        |  +-------- Aculamprotula **         
        |  |                               
        +--+  +----- Cuneopsis **             
           |  |                            
           |  |  +-- Nodularia **             
           |  +--+                         
           +--+  +-- Schistodesmus **         
              |                            
              |  +-- Tchangsinaia **          
              |  |                         
              +--+-- Inversiunio **           
                 |                         
                 +-- Pseudocuneopsis **

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
13 13 14 6 55 22 3 26.0 
                                +-- Anemina      
  +-----------------------------+                
  |                             +-- Buldowskia   
  |                                              
--+                          +----- Sinanodonta  
  |  +-----------------------+                   
  |  |                       |  +-- Pletholophus 
  |  |                       +--+                
  +--+                          +-- Beringiana   
     |                                           
     |  +-------------------------- Cristaria    
     |  |                                        
     +--+                       +-- Anodontina   
        |  +--------------------+                
        |  |                    +-- Alasmidontina
        +--+                                     
           |  +-------------------- Lanceolariini
           +--+                                  
              |  +----------------- Lepidodesmini
              +--+                               
                 |  +-------------- Aculamprotula **
                 +--+                            
                    |  +----------- Unio **         
                    +--+                         
                       |  +-------- Inversiunio **  
                       +--+                      
                          |  +----- Nodularia **    
                          +--+                   
                             |  +-- Schistodesmus **
                             +--+                
                                +-- Tchangsinaia **

Wu et al., 2019 [Publ 3864], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
13 13 11 7 33 13 4 24.0 
  +----------------------- Lepidodesmini  
  |                                       
  |                 +----- Anodontini     
--+  +--------------+                     
  |  |              |  +-- Acuticostini   
  |  |              +--+                  
  +--+                 +-- Lanceolariini  
     |                                    
     |  +----------------- Aculamprotula **  
     +--+                                 
        |  +-------------- Unio **           
        +--+                              
           |  +----------- Pseudocuneopsis **
           +--+                           
              |  +-------- Nodularia **      
              +--+                        
                 |  +----- Tchangsinaia **   
                 +--+                     
                    |  +-- Cuneopsis **      
                    +--+                  
                       +-- Schistodesmus **

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
13 13 14 6 55 22 3 26.0 
                                +-- Anemina      
  +-----------------------------+                
  |                             +-- Buldowskia   
  |                                              
--+                          +----- Sinanodonta  
  |  +-----------------------+                   
  |  |                       |  +-- Pletholophus 
  |  |                       +--+                
  +--+                          +-- Beringiana   
     |                                           
     |  +-------------------------- Cristaria    
     |  |                                        
     +--+                       +-- Anodontina   
        |  +--------------------+                
        |  |                    +-- Alasmidontina
        +--+                                     
           |  +-------------------- Lepidodesmini
           +--+                                  
              |  +----------------- Lanceolariini
              +--+                               
                 |  +-------------- Aculamprotula **
                 +--+                            
                    |  +----------- Unio **         
                    +--+                         
                       |  +-------- Nodularia **    
                       +--+                      
                          |  +----- Inversiunio **  
                          +--+                   
                             |  +-- Schistodesmus **
                             +--+                
                                +-- Tchangsinaia **

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
13 13 13 6 55 22 3 26.0 
                                +-- Anemina      
  +-----------------------------+                
  |                             +-- Buldowskia   
  |                                              
--+                          +----- Pletholophus 
  |  +-----------------------+                   
  |  |                       |  +-- Beringiana   
  |  |                       +--+                
  +--+                          +-- Sinanodonta  
     |                                           
     |  +-------------------------- Cristaria    
     |  |                                        
     +--+                       +-- Anodontina   
        |  +--------------------+                
        |  |                    +-- Alasmidontina
        +--+                                     
           |  +-------------------- Lanceolariini
           +--+                                  
              |  +----------------- Lepidodesmini
              +--+                               
                 |  +-------------- Aculamprotula **
                 +--+                            
                    |  +----------- Unio **         
                    +--+                         
                       |  +-------- Inversiunio **  
                       +--+                      
                          |  +----- Nodularia **    
                          +--+                   
                             |  +-- Tchangsinaia ** 
                             +--+                
                                +-- Schistodesmus **

Hou et al., 2024 [Publ 4400], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
13 13 11 4 2 0 0 27.0 
           +----- Cuneopsis_rufescens **   
  +--------+                            
  |        |  +-- Middendorffinaia **      
  |        +--+                         
--+           +-- Pseudocuneopsis **       
  |                                     
  |  +----------- Tchangsinaia **          
  |  |                                  
  +--+        +-- Cuneopsis_kiangsiensis **
     |  +-----+                         
     |  |     +-- Cuneopsis_celtiformis ** 
     +--+                               
        |  +----- Cuneopsis_szechenyii **  
        +--+                            
           |  +-- Cuneopsis_heudei **      
           +--+                         
              +-- Cuneopsis_demangei **

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4296], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
13 13 11 8 10 8 3 28.0 
  +-------------------------- Acuticostini   
  |                                          
--+  +----------------------- Lanceolariini  
  |  |                                       
  +--+  +-------------------- Anodontini     
     |  |                                    
     +--+  +----------------- Unio **           
        |  |                                 
        +--+  +-------------- Aculamprotula **  
           |  |                              
           +--+  +----------- Cuneopsis **      
              |  |                           
              +--+        +-- Nodularia **      
                 |  +-----+                  
                 |  |     +-- Schistodesmus **  
                 +--+                        
                    |  +----- Tchangsinaia **   
                    +--+                     
                       |  +-- Inversiunio **    
                       +--+                  
                          +-- Pseudocuneopsis **

Sayenko et al., 2021 [Publ 4189], fig. 6

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
13 13 11 4 0 0 0 26.0 
  +-------- Unio **            
--+                         
  |  +----- Inversiunio **     
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Middendorffinaia **
     +--+                   
        +-- Nodularia **

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 2a_S1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
12 12 10 7 0 0 0 19.5 
  +----------------- Aculamprotula **  
--+                                 
  |  +-------------- Nodularia **      
  +--+                              
     |  +----------- Pseudocuneopsis **
     +--+                           
        |  +-------- Schistodesmus **  
        +--+                        
           |  +----- Cuneopsis **      
           +--+                     
              |  +-- Tchangsinaia **   
              +--+                  
                 +-- Inversiunio **

Fukata & Iigo, 2019 [Publ 4108], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
12 16 14 7 4 4 2 32.0 
           +----- Aculamprotula **  
  +--------+                     
  |        |  +-- Acuticostini   
  |        +--+                  
--+           +-- Lanceolariini  
  |                              
  |  +----------- Unio **           
  |  |                           
  +--+  +-------- Pseudocuneopsis **
     |  |                        
     +--+     +-- Schistodesmus **  
        |  +--+                  
        |  |  +-- Cuneopsis **      
        +--+                     
           |  +-- Tchangsinaia **   
           +--+                  
              +-- Nodularia **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4379], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
12 12 10 4 0 0 0 26.0 
  +----- Nodularia **      
  |                     
--+  +-- Cuneopsis **      
  |  |                  
  +--+-- Tchangsinaia **   
     |                  
     +-- Pseudocuneopsis **

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 2e

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
12 12 10 7 5 5 2 22.0 
  +----------------------- Anodontini     
--+                                       
  |  +-------------------- Lanceolariini  
  +--+                                    
     |  +----------------- Aculamprotula **  
     +--+                                 
        |  +-------------- Unio **           
        +--+                              
           |  +----------- Pseudocuneopsis **
           +--+                           
              |  +-------- Nodularia **      
              +--+                        
                 |  +----- Tchangsinaia **   
                 +--+                     
                    |  +-- Cuneopsis **      
                    +--+                  
                       +-- Schistodesmus **

Konopleva et al., 2023 [Publ 4269], fig. S1_4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
12 12 10 6 44 21 4 25.0 
                 +-- Lepidodesmini   
              +--+                   
              |  +-- Lanceolariini   
  +-----------+                      
  |           |  +-- Acuticostini    
  |           +--+                   
--+              +-- Anodontini      
  |                                  
  |  +-------------- Middendorffinaia **
  +--+                               
     |  +----------- Aculamprotula **   
     +--+                            
        |  +-------- Unio **            
        +--+                         
           |  +----- Nodularia **       
           +--+                      
              |  +-- Tchangsinaia **    
              +--+                   
                 +-- Cuneopsis **

Choi et al., 2020 [Publ 4169], fig. 2a

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
12 12 11 5 0 0 0 23.0 
  +----------- Nodularia **    
--+                         
  |  +-------- Schistodesmus **
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Cuneopsis **    
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Unio **         
        +--+                
           +-- Tchangsinaia **

Fukata & Iigo, 2020 [Publ 4106], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
12 12 10 7 41 15 4 25.0 
  +----------------------- Lepidodesmini  
  |                                       
--+  +-------------------- Lanceolariini  
  |  |                                    
  +--+                 +-- Acuticostini   
     |  +--------------+                  
     |  |              +-- Anodontini     
     +--+                                 
        |  +-------------- Aculamprotula **  
        |  |                              
        +--+  +----------- Unio **           
           |  |                           
           +--+        +-- Schistodesmus **  
              |  +-----+                  
              |  |     +-- Cuneopsis **      
              +--+                        
                 |  +----- Pseudocuneopsis **
                 +--+                     
                    |  +-- Nodularia **      
                    +--+                  
                       +-- Tchangsinaia **

Prié & Puillandre, 2014 [Publ 3529], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
11 11 9 1 6 3 1 29.0 
  +-- Anodontini
--+             
  +-- Unio **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 6

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
11 11 9 6 80 15 4 23.0 
  +-------------------- Acuticostini 
  |                                  
  |              +----- Lanceolariini
--+  +-----------+                   
  |  |           |  +-- Lepidodesmini
  |  |           +--+                
  +--+              +-- Anodontini   
     |                               
     |  +-------------- Aculamprotula **
     +--+                            
        |  +----------- Unio **         
        +--+                         
           |  +-------- Nodularia **    
           +--+                      
              |  +----- Cuneopsis **    
              +--+                   
                 |  +-- Tchangsinaia ** 
                 +--+                
                    +-- Schistodesmus **

Aunins et al., 2018 [Publ 3863], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
11 11 9 6 29 15 4 24.0 
  +-------------------- Lepidodesmini
  |                                  
  |              +----- Anodontini   
--+  +-----------+                   
  |  |           |  +-- Acuticostini 
  |  |           +--+                
  +--+              +-- Lanceolariini
     |                               
     |  +-------------- Aculamprotula **
     +--+                            
        |  +----------- Unio **         
        +--+                         
           |  +-------- Nodularia **    
           +--+                      
              |  +----- Tchangsinaia ** 
              +--+                   
                 |  +-- Cuneopsis **    
                 +--+                
                    +-- Schistodesmus **

Kim et al., 2021 [Publ 4197], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
11 15 13 5 6 5 3 29.0 
  +-------------- Aculamprotula **
  |                            
--+           +-- Acuticostini 
  |  +--------+                
  |  |        +-- Lanceolariini
  +--+                         
     |  +-------- Unio **         
     +--+                      
        |  +----- Nodularia **    
        +--+                   
           |  +-- Schistodesmus **
           +--+                
              +-- Cuneopsis **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
11 11 9 5 45 15 4 23.0 
  +----------------- Lepidodesmini
  |                               
  |           +----- Lanceolariini
--+  +--------+                   
  |  |        |  +-- Acuticostini 
  |  |        +--+                
  +--+           +-- Anodontini   
     |                            
     |  +----------- Aculamprotula **
     +--+                         
        |  +-------- Unio **         
        +--+                      
           |  +----- Nodularia **    
           +--+                   
              |  +-- Tchangsinaia ** 
              +--+                
                 +-- Schistodesmus **

Liu et al., 2017 [Publ 3939], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
11 11 8 4 4 3 3 25.0 
  +-------- Lanceolariini
  |                      
--+  +----- Unio **         
  |  |                   
  +--+  +-- Schistodesmus **
     |  |                
     +--+-- Cuneopsis **    
        |                
        +-- Nodularia **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3745], fig. 1-2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
11 11 8 6 69 17 2 27.0 
                 +-- Lanceolariini
  +--------------+                
  |              +-- Anodontini   
--+                               
  |  +-------------- Unio **         
  +--+                            
     |  +----------- Aculamprotula **
     +--+                         
        |  +-------- Nodularia **    
        +--+                      
           |  +----- Schistodesmus **
           +--+                   
              |  +-- Tchangsinaia ** 
              +--+                
                 +-- Cuneopsis **

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 5-ML

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
11 11 9 7 10 5 4 26.0 
  +----------------------------- Anodontina      
  |                                              
--+                          +-- Acuticostini    
  |  +-----------------------+                   
  |  |                       +-- Cristariina     
  +--+                                           
     |  +----------------------- Lepidodesmini   
     +--+                                        
        |  +-------------------- Lanceolariini   
        +--+                                     
           |  +----------------- Aculamprotula **   
           +--+                                  
              |  +-------------- Unio **            
              +--+                               
                 |  +----------- Middendorffinaia **
                 +--+                            
                    |  +-------- Nodularia **       
                    +--+                         
                       |  +----- Cuneopsis **       
                       +--+                      
                          |  +-- Inversiunio **     
                          +--+                   
                             +-- Schistodesmus **

Hou et al., 2025 [Publ 4401], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
11 11 9 1 0 0 0 29.0 
-- (Nodularia

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 2_I

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
11 11 9 6 80 15 4 23.0 
  +----------------------- Acuticostini 
  |                                     
--+                    +-- Lanceolariini
  |  +-----------------+                
  |  |                 +-- Anodontini   
  +--+                                  
     |  +----------------- Lepidodesmini
     +--+                               
        |  +-------------- Aculamprotula **
        +--+                            
           |  +----------- Unio **         
           +--+                         
              |  +-------- Nodularia **    
              +--+                      
                 |  +----- Cuneopsis **    
                 +--+                   
                    |  +-- Tchangsinaia ** 
                    +--+                
                       +-- Schistodesmus **

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 5-BI

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
11 13 10 7 10 5 4 27.0 
  +----------------- Acuticostini    
  |                                  
  +----------------- Cristariina     
  |                                  
  +----------------- Anodontina      
--+                                  
  |  +-------------- Lanceolariini   
  |  |                               
  |  |           +-- Aculamprotula **   
  |  +-----------+                   
  +--+           +-- Lepidodesmini   
     |                               
     |  +----------- Unio **            
     |  |                            
     +--+  +-------- Middendorffinaia **
        |  |                         
        +--+  +----- Cuneopsis **       
           |  |                      
           +--+----- Nodularia **       
              |                      
              |  +-- Inversiunio **     
              +--+                   
                 +-- Schistodesmus **

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
10 10 8 6 129 17 2 26.0 
                 +-- Lanceolariini
  +--------------+                
  |              +-- Anodontini   
--+                               
  |  +-------------- Unio **         
  +--+                            
     |  +----------- Aculamprotula **
     +--+                         
        |  +-------- Nodularia **    
        +--+                      
           |  +----- Cuneopsis **    
           +--+                   
              |  +-- Tchangsinaia ** 
              +--+                
                 +-- Schistodesmus **

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
10 10 8 5 34 12 3 24.0 
  +----------------- Lepidodesmini
  |                               
--+              +-- Lanceolariini
  |  +-----------+                
  |  |           +-- Anodontini   
  +--+                            
     |  +----------- Aculamprotula **
     +--+                         
        |  +-------- Unio **         
        +--+                      
           |  +----- Nodularia **    
           +--+                   
              |  +-- Tchangsinaia ** 
              +--+                
                 +-- Schistodesmus **

Cha et al., 2018 [Publ 3916], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
10 10 8 5 28 11 3 24.5 
  +----------------- Lepidodesmini
  |                               
--+              +-- Lanceolariini
  |  +-----------+                
  |  |           +-- Anodontini   
  +--+                            
     |  +----------- Aculamprotula **
     +--+                         
        |  +-------- Unio **         
        +--+                      
           |  +----- Schistodesmus **
           +--+                   
              |  +-- Nodularia **    
              +--+                
                 +-- Tchangsinaia **

Hou et al., 2025 [Publ 4432], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
10 10 8 4 1 1 1 26.0 
  +----------- Lepidodesmini   
--+                            
  |  +-------- Tchangsinaia **    
  +--+                         
     |  +----- Pseudocuneopsis ** 
     +--+                      
        |  +-- Middendorffinaia **
        +--+                   
           +-- Cuneopsis **

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
10 10 6 6 129 17 2 24.0 
     +----------- Unio **                
     |                                
  +--+  +-------- Aculamprotula **       
  |  |  |                             
  |  |  +-------- Schistodesmus **       
  |  +--+                             
  |     +-------- Nodularia **           
  |     |                             
  |     |  +----- Cuneopsis_szechenyii **
--+     +--+                          
  |        |  +-- Tchangsinaia **        
  |        +--+                       
  |           +-- Cuneopsis_rufescens ** 
  |                                   
  |     +-------- Lanceolariini       
  |     |                             
  |     +-------- Cristariina         
  +-----+                             
        |  +----- Anodonta_anatina    
        |  |                          
        |  +----- Pseudanodonta       
        +--+                          
           +----- Alasmidontina       
           |                          
           |  +-- Anodonta_cygnea     
           +--+                       
              +-- Anodonta_nuttalliana

Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S1_1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
10 10 8 6 66 16 2 26.0 
                    +-- Lanceolariini       
  +-----------------+                       
  |                 +-- Anodontini          
--+                                         
  |  +----------------- Unio **                
  +--+                                      
     |  +-------------- Aculamprotula **       
     +--+                                   
        |  +----------- Nodularia **           
        +--+                                
           |  +-------- Schistodesmus **       
           +--+                             
              |  +----- Cuneopsis_szechenyii **
              +--+                          
                 |  +-- Tchangsinaia **        
                 +--+                       
                    +-- Cuneopsis_rufescens **

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4147], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
10 10 8 7 19 7 1 21.0 
  +-------------------- Anodontini     
--+                                    
  |  +----------------- Aculamprotula **  
  +--+                                 
     |  +-------------- Unio **           
     +--+                              
        |  +----------- Pseudocuneopsis **
        +--+                           
           |  +-------- Nodularia **      
           +--+                        
              |  +----- Schistodesmus **  
              +--+                     
                 |  +-- Cuneopsis **      
                 +--+                  
                    +-- Tchangsinaia **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2021 [Publ 4217], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
10 10 8 1 0 0 0 30.0 
-- (Unio

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
10 12 10 6 3 2 2 29.0 
  +-------------- Unio **            
  |                               
  |        +----- Aculamprotula **   
--+  +-----+                      
  |  |     |  +-- Anodontini      
  |  |     +--+                   
  +--+        +-- Lepidodesmini   
     |                            
     |  +-------- Middendorffinaia **
     +--+                         
        |  +----- Inversiunio **     
        +--+                      
           |  +-- Cuneopsis **       
           +--+                   
              +-- Nodularia **

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3764], fig. S1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
10 10 0 6 115 17 2 23.0 
     +-- Unio_crassus **         
     |                        
     +-- Unio_pictorum **        
     |                        
     +-- Unio_tumidus **         
     |                        
     +-- Aculamprotula **        
     |                        
     +-- Cuneopsis_szechenyii ** 
  +--+                        
  |  +-- Tchangsinaia **         
  |  |                        
  |  +-- Cuneopsis_rufescens **  
  |  |                        
  |  +-- Nodularia_douglasiae ** 
  |  |                        
  |  +-- Nodularia_nuxpersicae **
  |  |                        
  |  +-- Schistodesmus **        
  |                           
  |  +-- Alasmidonta          
  |  |                        
  |  +-- Anodonta_anatina     
--+  |                        
  |  +-- Anodonta_cygnea      
  |  |                        
  |  +-- Anodonta_nuttalliana 
  |  |                        
  |  +-- Lasmigona            
  |  |                        
  |  +-- Pseudanodonta        
  |  |                        
  |  +-- Pyganodon            
  |  |                        
  |  +-- Simpsonaias          
  |  |                        
  |  +-- Strophitus           
  +--+                        
     +-- Sinanodonta_lauta    
     |                        
     +-- Cristaria_plicata    
     |                        
     +-- Cristaria_radiata    
     |                        
     +-- Pletholophus         
     |                        
     +-- Sinanodonta_lucida   
     |                        
     +-- Sinanodonta_jourdyi  
     |                        
     +-- Lanceolaria_gladiola 
     |                        
     +-- Lanceolaria_grayii__1
     |                        
     +-- Lanceolaria_grayii__2

Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S2_2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
10 10 8 6 66 16 2 26.0 
                    +-- Lanceolariini       
  +-----------------+                       
  |                 +-- Anodontini          
--+                                         
  |  +----------------- Unio **                
  +--+                                      
     |  +-------------- Aculamprotula **       
     +--+                                   
        |  +----------- Nodularia **           
        +--+                                
           |  +-------- Schistodesmus **       
           +--+                             
              |  +----- Cuneopsis_szechenyii **
              +--+                          
                 |  +-- Tchangsinaia **        
                 +--+                       
                    +-- Cuneopsis_rufescens **

Soroka & Burzynski, 2017 [Publ 3837], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
10 10 8 5 13 13 3 24.0 
  +-------------------- Anodontini   
--+                                  
  |  +----------------- Lanceolariini
  +--+                               
     |  +-------------- Lepidodesmini
     +--+                            
        |  +----------- Aculamprotula **
        +--+                         
           |  +-------- Unio **         
           +--+                      
              |  +----- Schistodesmus **
              +--+                   
                 |  +-- Tchangsinaia ** 
                 +--+                
                    +-- Nodularia **

Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-F_5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
10 10 8 5 38 12 3 24.0 
  +----------------- Lepidodesmini
  |                               
--+              +-- Lanceolariini
  |  +-----------+                
  |  |           +-- Anodontini   
  +--+                            
     |  +----------- Aculamprotula **
     +--+                         
        |  +-------- Unio **         
        +--+                      
           |  +----- Nodularia **    
           +--+                   
              |  +-- Schistodesmus **
              +--+                
                 +-- Tchangsinaia **

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 6

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
10 10 8 5 34 12 3 24.0 
  +----------------- Lepidodesmini
  |                               
--+              +-- Lanceolariini
  |  +-----------+                
  |  |           +-- Anodontini   
  +--+                            
     |  +----------- Aculamprotula **
     +--+                         
        |  +-------- Unio **         
        +--+                      
           |  +----- Nodularia **    
           +--+                   
              |  +-- Tchangsinaia ** 
              +--+                
                 +-- Schistodesmus **

Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 6

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
9 9 7 4 33 9 1 21.0 
  +----------- Anodontini   
--+                         
  |  +-------- Aculamprotula **
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Unio **         
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Tchangsinaia ** 
        +--+                
           +-- Nodularia **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 6

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
9 9 7 7 45 9 3 23.0 
  +----------------------- Lepidodesmini  
  |                                       
--+                    +-- Lanceolariini  
  |  +-----------------+                  
  |  |                 +-- Anodontini     
  +--+                                    
     |  +----------------- Aculamprotula **  
     +--+                                 
        |  +-------------- Unio **           
        +--+                              
           |  +----------- Pseudocuneopsis **
           +--+                           
              |  +-------- Nodularia **      
              +--+                        
                 |  +----- Tchangsinaia **   
                 +--+                     
                    |  +-- Cuneopsis **      
                    +--+                  
                       +-- Schistodesmus **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3734], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
9 9 5 1 8 3 1 29.0 
  +-- Anodontini
--+             
  +-- Unio **

Khalloufi et al., 2011 [Publ 2748], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
9 9 6 1 2 0 0 27.0 
-- (Unio

Wang et al., 2018 [Publ 3846], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
8 8 6 5 23 9 2 25.0 
  +----------------- Anodontini   
--+                               
  |  +-------------- Lanceolariini
  +--+                            
     |  +----------- Aculamprotula **
     +--+                         
        |  +-------- Unio **         
        +--+                      
           |  +----- Nodularia **    
           +--+                   
              |  +-- Tchangsinaia ** 
              +--+                
                 +-- Cuneopsis **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 13

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
8 8 6 2 2 0 0 24.0 
  +-- Middendorffinaia **
--+                   
  +-- Nodularia **

Klishko et al., 2019 [Publ 3886], fig. 9

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
8 8 5 3 3 2 1 22.0 
  +-------- Anodontini      
--+                         
  |  +----- Unio **            
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Middendorffinaia **
     +--+                   
        +-- Nodularia **

Marrone et al., 2019 [Publ 3907], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
8 8 4 1 0 0 0 28.0 
-- (Unio

Sano et al., 2017 [Publ 3799], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
8 12 13 4 25 13 4 27.0 
  +-------------- Anodontini   
  |                            
  |           +-- Tchangsinaia ** 
--+  +--------+                
  |  |        +-- Nodularia **    
  |  |                         
  +--+        +-- Schistodesmus **
     |  +-----+                
     |  |     +-- Acuticostini 
     +--+                      
        |  +----- Inversiunio **  
        +--+                   
           |  +-- Lepidodesmini
           +--+                
              +-- Lanceolariini

Klishko et al., 2018 [Publ 3945], fig. 8

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
8 8 5 2 0 0 0 24.0 
  +-- Nodularia **
--+            
  +-- Unio **

Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
7 7 5 7 46 10 4 24.0 
  +-------------------- Lepidodesmini  
  |                                    
  |              +----- Anodontini     
--+  +-----------+                     
  |  |           |  +-- Acuticostini   
  |  |           +--+                  
  +--+              +-- Lanceolariini  
     |                                 
     |  +-------------- Aculamprotula **  
     |  |                              
     +--+  +----------- Unio **           
        |  |                           
        +--+        +-- Pseudocuneopsis **
           |  +-----+                  
           |  |     +-- Nodularia **      
           +--+                        
              |  +----- Schistodesmus **  
              +--+                     
                 |  +-- Cuneopsis **      
                 +--+                  
                    +-- Tchangsinaia **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2021 [Publ 4217], fig. 6

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
7 7 5 1 0 0 0 25.0 
-- (Unio

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
7 22 5 5 27 15 4 43.0 
  +----- Lanceolaria_grayii__1  
  |                             
  +----- Lanceolaria_grayii__2  
  |                             
  +----- Cristaria_plicata__1   
  |                             
  +----- Cristaria_plicata__2   
  |                             
  +----- Sinanodonta_lauta      
  |                             
  +----- Beringiana_japonica    
  |                             
  +----- Beringiana_fukuharai__1
  |                             
  +----- Beringiana_beringiana  
  |                             
  +----- Beringiana_fukuharai__2
  |                             
  +----- Beringiana_fukuharai__3
  |                             
  +----- Buldowskia_iwakawai__1 
  |                             
  +----- Buldowskia_iwakawai__2 
  |                             
  +----- Sinanodonta_tumens__1  
--+                             
  +----- Sinanodonta_tumens__2  
  |                             
  +----- Pletholophus           
  |                             
  +----- Anemina                
  |                             
  +----- Lanceolaria_lanceolata 
  |                             
  +----- Cristaria_plicata__3   
  |                             
  +----- Lanceolaria_gladiola   
  |                             
  +----- Sinanodonta_angula     
  |                             
  +----- Lepidodesmini          
  |                             
  |  +-- Aculamprotula **          
  +--+                          
  |  +-- Acuticostini           
  |                             
  |  +-- Cuneopsis **              
  +--+                          
  |  +-- Nodularia **              
  |                             
  |  +-- Schistodesmus **          
  +--+                          
     +-- Inversiunio **

Araujo et al., 2009 [Publ 2589], fig. 7B

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
7 7 6 1 4 1 1 26.0 
  +-- Anodontini
--+             
  +-- Unio **

Zhou et al., 2007 [Publ 2658], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
7 11 9 4 14 6 3 25.0 
     +----- Aculamprotula **
  +--+                   
  |  |  +-- Tchangsinaia ** 
  |  +--+                
--+     +-- Nodularia **    
  |                      
  |  +----- Schistodesmus **
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Lanceolariini
     +--+                
        +-- Acuticostini

Araujo et al., 2009 [Publ 2589], fig. 7A

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
7 8 4 2 4 1 1 25.0 
  +----------- Nodularia **        
  |                             
  |        +-- Unio_gibbus **      
--+        |                    
  |  +-----+-- Unio_tumidus **     
  |  |     |                    
  |  |     +-- Anodontini       
  +--+                          
     |  +----- Unio_pictorum__1 ** 
     |  |                       
     |  +----- Unio_pictorum__2 ** 
     +--+                       
        +----- Unio_mancus **      
        |                       
        |  +-- Unio_tumidiformis **
        +--+                    
           +-- Unio_crassus **

Choi et al., 2020 [Publ 4169], fig. 5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
7 7 5 1 3 0 0 25.0 
-- (Nodularia

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3792], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
7 7 5 5 25 11 2 21.0 
  +----------------- Anodontini   
--+                               
  |  +-------------- Lanceolariini
  +--+                            
     |  +----------- Aculamprotula **
     +--+                         
        |  +-------- Unio **         
        +--+                      
           |  +----- Schistodesmus **
           +--+                   
              |  +-- Tchangsinaia ** 
              +--+                
                 +-- Nodularia **

Reis et al., 2013 [Publ 3580], fig. 5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
7 7 6 1 8 3 1 27.0 
  +-- Anodontini
--+             
  +-- Unio **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
7 7 5 2 2 0 0 19.0 
  +-- Nodularia **    
--+                
  +-- Aculamprotula **

Zhang et al., 2004 [Publ 2735], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
7 7 5 5 7 5 3 22.0 
  +-------------------- Anodontini         
  |                                        
--+                 +-- Acuticostini       
  |  +--------------+                      
  |  |              +-- Lanceolariini      
  +--+                                     
     |  +-------------- Tchangsinaia **       
     +--+                                  
        |  +----------- Cuneopsis_heudei **   
        +--+                               
           |  +-------- Nodularia **          
           +--+                            
              |  +----- Pseudocuneopsis **    
              +--+                         
                 |  +-- Cuneopsis_rufescens **
                 +--+                      
                    +-- Schistodesmus **

Wang et al., 2018 [Publ 3865], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
7 7 5 4 24 10 3 24.0 
        +----- Anodontini   
  +-----+                   
  |     |  +-- Acuticostini 
  |     +--+                
--+        +-- Lanceolariini
  |                         
  |  +-------- Aculamprotula **
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Unio **         
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Tchangsinaia ** 
        +--+                
           +-- Nodularia **

Fonseca et al., 2016 [Publ 3775], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
7 7 5 5 24 11 2 21.0 
  +----------------- Anodontini   
--+                               
  |  +-------------- Lanceolariini
  +--+                            
     |  +----------- Aculamprotula **
     +--+                         
        |  +-------- Unio **         
        +--+                      
           |  +----- Schistodesmus **
           +--+                   
              |  +-- Nodularia **    
              +--+                
                 +-- Tchangsinaia **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 12

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
6 6 4 2 2 0 0 20.0 
  +-- Nodularia **  
--+              
  +-- Inversiunio **

Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
6 6 4 5 30 9 4 23.0 
  +----------------- Lepidodesmini
  |                               
  |           +----- Lanceolariini
--+  +--------+                   
  |  |        |  +-- Acuticostini 
  |  |        +--+                
  +--+           +-- Anodontini   
     |                            
     |  +----------- Aculamprotula **
     +--+                         
        |  +-------- Unio **         
        +--+                      
           |  +----- Schistodesmus **
           +--+                   
              |  +-- Nodularia **    
              +--+                
                 +-- Tchangsinaia **

Choi et al., 2020 [Publ 4169], fig. 3a

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
6 6 5 3 0 0 0 21.0 
  +----- Nodularia **
--+               
  |  +-- Cuneopsis **
  +--+            
     +-- Unio **

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4358], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
6 6 4 3 0 0 0 22.0 
  +----- Pseudocuneopsis **
--+                     
  |  +-- Schistodesmus **  
  +--+                  
     +-- Nodularia **

Klishko et al., 2017 [Publ 3946], fig. 8

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
6 6 4 2 0 0 0 20.0 
  +-- Nodularia **
--+            
  +-- Unio **

Araujo et al., 2009 [Publ 2589], fig. 7C

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
6 6 4 1 4 1 1 25.0 
  +-- Anodontini
--+             
  +-- Unio **

Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 4143], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
6 6 4 3 16 7 1 18.0 
  +-------- Anodontini   
--+                      
  |  +----- Aculamprotula **
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Unio **         
     +--+                
        +-- Nodularia **

Reis et al., 2013 [Publ 3580], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
6 6 4 1 8 3 1 24.0 
  +-- Anodontini
--+             
  +-- Unio **

Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. S5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
6 7 5 5 32 10 4 24.0 
  +----------------- Anodontini   
  |                               
  |              +-- Acuticostini 
--+  +-----------+                
  |  |           +-- Lanceolariini
  |  |                            
  +--+           +-- Lepidodesmini
     |  +--------+                
     |  |        +-- Aculamprotula **
     +--+                         
        |  +-------- Unio **         
        +--+                      
           |  +----- Schistodesmus **
           +--+                   
              |  +-- Nodularia **    
              +--+                
                 +-- Tchangsinaia **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
5 5 3 3 18 5 2 24.0 
  +----------- Anodontini   
--+                         
  |  +-------- Lanceolariini
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Schistodesmus **
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Aculamprotula **
        +--+                
           +-- Unio **

Mabuchi et al., 2021 [Publ 4233], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
5 5 3 2 0 0 0 23.0 
  +-- Tchangsinaia **
--+               
  +-- Nodularia **

Burzynski & Soroka, 2018 [Publ 3862], fig. 5a

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
5 5 3 2 15 5 2 23.0 
  +-------- Anodontini   
--+                      
  |  +----- Lanceolariini
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Aculamprotula **
     +--+                
        +-- Unio **

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
5 5 3 3 17 5 2 22.0 
  +----------- Anodontini   
--+                         
  |  +-------- Lanceolariini
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Aculamprotula **
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Schistodesmus **
        +--+                
           +-- Unio **

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
5 5 3 2 29 0 0 19.0 
  +-- Unio **         
--+                
  +-- Aculamprotula **

Prie et al., 2012 [Publ 3487], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
5 5 3 1 1 0 0 23.0 
-- (Unio

Pfarrer et al., 2022 [Publ 4305], fig. 2-5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
5 5 3 1 7 5 1 25.0 
  +-- Unio **      
--+             
  +-- Anodontini

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. S1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
5 5 3 2 29 0 0 19.0 
  +-- Unio **         
--+                
  +-- Aculamprotula **

Zhou et al., 2007 [Publ 2658], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
5 6 4 3 13 3 2 20.0 
  +-------- Aculamprotula **
--+                      
  |  +----- Acuticostini 
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Nodularia **    
     +--+                
        +-- Cuneopsis **

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
5 13 11 3 36 8 2 30.0 
  +-------- Aculamprotula **
  |                      
--+     +-- Schistodesmus **
  |  +--+                
  |  |  +-- Unio **         
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Lanceolariini
     +--+                
        +-- Anodontini

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
5 5 3 3 36 8 2 22.0 
  +----------- Anodontini   
--+                         
  |  +-------- Lanceolariini
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Aculamprotula **
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Schistodesmus **
        +--+                
           +-- Unio **

Bolotov et al., 2018 [Publ 3826], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
5 5 4 2 78 12 2 22.0 
     +-- Unio **         
  +--+                
  |  +-- Nodularia **    
--+                   
  |  +-- Lanceolariini
  +--+                
     +-- Anodontini

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4147], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
5 5 3 2 9 0 0 19.0 
  +-- Unio **         
--+                
  +-- Aculamprotula **

Wu et al., 2016 [Publ 3711], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
5 5 3 3 16 7 1 19.0 
  +-------- Anodontini   
--+                      
  |  +----- Aculamprotula **
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Unio **         
     +--+                
        +-- Nodularia **

Pfeiffer & Graf, 2013 [Publ 3531], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
5 5 3 3 26 6 2 19.0 
  +----------- Anodontini   
--+                         
  |  +-------- Acuticostini 
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Aculamprotula **
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Unio **         
        +--+                
           +-- Nodularia **

Burzynski & Soroka, 2018 [Publ 3862], fig. 5b

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
5 5 3 2 5 5 2 23.0 
  +-------- Lanceolariini
--+                      
  |  +----- Anodontini   
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Aculamprotula **
     +--+                
        +-- Unio **

Bashê, 2022 [Publ 4265], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
5 5 4 1 1 0 0 26.0 
-- (Unio

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
5 5 3 3 17 5 2 24.0 
  +----------- Anodontini   
--+                         
  |  +-------- Lanceolariini
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Schistodesmus **
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Aculamprotula **
        +--+                
           +-- Unio **

Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4084], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
5 5 3 3 31 14 2 21.0 
        +-- Lanceolariini   
  +-----+                   
  |     +-- Anodontini      
--+                         
  |  +----- Middendorffinaia **
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Nodularia **       
     +--+                   
        +-- Unio **

Nagel et al., 1998 [Publ 1946], fig. 8

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 1 1 0 0 0 22.0 
-- (Unio

Soroka, 2005 [Publ 2726], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 1 1 0 0 24.0 
-- (Unio

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 3b

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 1 5 5 1 24.0 
  +----- Anodonta_anatina
  |                      
  +----- Anodonta_cygnea 
--+                      
  +----- Pseudanodonta   
  |                      
  |  +-- Cristariina     
  +--+                   
     +-- Unio **

Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 6-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 2 13 4 1 22.0 
  +----- Anodontini   
--+                   
  |  +-- Aculamprotula **
  +--+                
     +-- Unio **

Zhou et al., 2017 [Publ 3788], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 3 12 2 2 20.0 
  +-------- Lanceolariini
--+                      
  |  +----- Aculamprotula **
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Nodularia **    
     +--+                
        +-- Tchangsinaia **

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 3a

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 1 5 5 1 24.0 
  +----- Cristariina
--+                 
  |  +-- Anodontina 
  +--+              
     +-- Unio **

Sano et al., 2017 [Publ 3799], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 5 2 17 9 2 22.0 
  +-------- Anodontini   
--+                      
  |  +----- Lanceolariini
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Nodularia **    
     +--+                
        +-- Inversiunio **

Nagel et al., 1998 [Publ 1946], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 1 5 3 1 22.0 
  +-- Anodontini
--+             
  +-- Unio **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 3 1 5 0 0 23.0 
-- (Nodularia

Xue et al., 2016 [Publ 3659], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 4 11 7 2 20.0 
  +-------------- Anodontini   
--+                            
  |  +----------- Lanceolariini
  +--+                         
     |  +-------- Aculamprotula **
     +--+                      
        |  +----- Schistodesmus **
        +--+                   
           |  +-- Nodularia **    
           +--+                
              +-- Unio **

Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-M_4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 3 1 1 20 4 1 24.0 
  +-- Unio **      
--+             
  +-- Anodontini

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4215], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 3 1 2 21 1 1 21.0 
  +----- Acuticostini
--+                  
  |  +-- Nodularia **   
  +--+               
     +-- Inversiunio **

Källersjö et al., 2005 [Publ 2684], fig. 1A

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 3 0 1 4 3 1 21.0 
-- (Unio

Kilikowska et al., 2020 [Publ 4335], fig. 4a

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 3 1 1 0 0 0 23.0 
-- (Unio

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 3 0 1 4 4 1 23.0 
  +----- Cristariina
--+                 
  |  +-- Unio **       
  +--+              
     +-- Anodontina

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 3 1 1 16 4 1 24.0 
  +-- Unio **      
--+             
  +-- Anodontini

Chen et al., 2020 [Publ 4170], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 4 2 2 31 12 2 20.0 
  +-------- Anodontini   
--+                      
  |  +----- Schistodesmus **
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Lepidodesmini
     +--+                
        +-- Aculamprotula **

Källersjö et al., 2005 [Publ 2684], fig. 1B-F

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 3 1 1 4 3 1 21.0 
-- (Unio

Sonowal et al., 2021 [Publ 4221], fig. 3b

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 9 0 2 12 1 1 28.0 
  +-- Aculamprotula **  
  |                  
  +-- Lamprotula     
  |                  
  +-- Lampsilini     
  |                  
  +-- Potomida       
  |                  
--+-- Unio_pictorum **  
  |                  
  +-- Anodontini     
  |                  
  +-- Unio_ravoisieri **
  |                  
  +-- Lamellidentini 
  |                  
  +-- Pleurobemini

Dyduch-Falniowska & Koziol, 1989 [Publ 3814], fig. 5_7

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 3 1 1 2 2 1 21.0 
  +-- Anodontini
--+             
  +-- Unio **

Bogatov et al., 2018 [Publ 3859], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 5 3 1 3 2 1 23.0 
  +-------- Unio_crassus ** 
--+                      
  |  +----- Unio_pictorum **
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Unio_tumidus ** 
     +--+                
        +-- Anodontini

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 4-5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 3 1 3 54 5 2 22.0 
  +----------- Lanceolariini
--+                         
  |  +-------- Anodontini   
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Unio **         
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Nodularia **    
        +--+                
           +-- Tchangsinaia **

Ouyang et al., 2011 [Publ 3408], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 6 3 3 10 6 3 22.0 
  +----------- Anodontini          
  |                                
--+        +-- Nodularia **           
  |  +-----+                       
  |  |     +-- Cuneopsis **           
  +--+                             
     |  +----- Lanceolaria_grayii  
     |  |                          
     +--+----- Acuticostini        
        |                          
        |  +-- Lanceolaria_gladiola
        +--+                       
           +-- Aculamprotula **

Bogatov et al., 2018 [Publ 3859], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 5 3 1 3 2 1 23.0 
  +-------- Unio_tumidus ** 
--+                      
  |  +----- Anodontini   
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Unio_crassus ** 
     +--+                
        +-- Unio_pictorum **

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 3b-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 3 1 1 3 3 1 23.0 
  +----- Anodontina 
--+                 
  |  +-- Cristariina
  +--+              
     +-- Unio **

Sonowal et al., 2021 [Publ 4221], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 5 3 2 13 1 1 24.0 
  +----------- Aculamprotula **  
--+                           
  |  +-------- Unio_pictorum **  
  +--+                        
     |  +----- Anodontini     
     +--+                     
        |  +-- Unio_ravoisieri **
        +--+                  
           +-- Lamellidentini

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 8b

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 3 1 1 3 3 1 23.0 
  +----- Cristariina
--+                 
  |  +-- Anodontina 
  +--+              
     +-- Unio **

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 8a

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 3 1 1 3 3 1 23.0 
  +-- Unio **      
--+             
  +-- Anodontini

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 3 1 1 4 4 1 23.0 
        +-- Anodonta_anatina
  +-----+                   
  |     +-- Unio **            
--+                         
  |  +----- Cristariina     
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Anodonta_cygnea 
     +--+                   
        +-- Pseudanodonta

Burzynski et al., 2017 [Publ 3774], fig. 1-top

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 3 1 2 10 3 1 22.0 
  +----- Anodontini   
--+                   
  |  +-- Aculamprotula **
  +--+                
     +-- Unio **

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 3a-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 3 1 1 3 3 1 23.0 
  +----- Anodontina 
--+                 
  |  +-- Cristariina
  +--+              
     +-- Unio **

Plazzi et al., 2011 [Publ 3676], fig. 5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 3 1 1 15 6 2 21.0 
-- (Unio

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 6

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 3 1 3 54 5 2 22.0 
  +----------- Anodontini   
--+                         
  |  +-------- Lanceolariini
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Unio **         
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Tchangsinaia ** 
        +--+                
           +-- Nodularia **

Zieritz et al., 2012 [Publ 3673], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 3 1 1 5 4 1 21.0 
-- (Unio

Araujo et al., 2017 [Publ 3801], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 4 2 3 11 1 1 23.0 
     +-- Schistodesmus **
  +--+                
  |  +-- Aculamprotula **
--+                   
  |  +-- Anodontini   
  +--+                
     +-- Unio **

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 5b

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 3 1 1 5 5 1 23.0 
  +-------- Anodonta_anatina
  |                         
--+  +----- Cristariina     
  |  |                      
  +--+----- Unio **            
     |                      
     |  +-- Anodonta_cygnea 
     +--+                   
        +-- Pseudanodonta

Manendo et al., 2008 [Publ 2669], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 3 1 1 10 5 1 21.0 
  +-- Unio **      
--+             
  +-- Anodontini

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 3-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 3 1 1 16 4 1 24.0 
  +-- Unio **      
--+             
  +-- Anodontini

Burzynski et al., 2017 [Publ 3774], fig. 1-bottom

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 3 1 2 10 3 1 22.0 
  +----- Anodontini   
--+                   
  |  +-- Aculamprotula **
  +--+                
     +-- Unio **

Sonowal et al., 2021 [Publ 4221], fig. 3a

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 4 0 2 12 1 1 23.0 
  +-- Anodontini     
  |                  
  +-- Unio_ravoisieri **
--+                  
  +-- Unio_pictorum **  
  |                  
  +-- Aculamprotula **

Wen et al., 2017 [Publ 3795], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 4 2 2 13 4 2 20.0 
  +-------- Anodontini   
--+                      
  |  +----- Aculamprotula **
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Lepidodesmini
     +--+                
        +-- Unio **

Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 14 5 3 31 11 4 32.0 
  +-------- Strophitus   
  |                      
  +-------- Schistodesmus **
  |                      
  +-------- Lepidodesmini
  |                      
  +-------- Acuticostini 
  |                      
  +-------- Cristariina  
--+                      
  +-------- Lanceolariini
  |                      
  |     +-- Nodularia **    
  +-----+                
  |     +-- Tchangsinaia ** 
  |                      
  |  +----- Utterbackia  
  |  |                   
  +--+----- Utterbackiana
     |                   
     |  +-- Alasmidonta  
     +--+                
        +-- Lasmigona

Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 7 5 3 31 11 4 25.0 
  +----------- Anodontini   
  |                         
  |     +----- Acuticostini 
--+  +--+                   
  |  |  |  +-- Nodularia **    
  |  |  +--+                
  +--+     +-- Tchangsinaia ** 
     |                      
     |  +----- Lanceolariini
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Schistodesmus **
        +--+                
           +-- Lepidodesmini

Froufe et al., 2017 [Publ 3802], fig. 7

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 3 1 1 7 4 1 23.0 
  +-- Unio **      
--+             
  +-- Anodontini

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 5a

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 3 1 1 5 5 1 23.0 
  +-- Unio **      
--+             
  +-- Anodontini

Jadhav & Jamkhedkar, 2009 [Publ 3697], fig. 11

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 9 7 2 22 6 1 28.0 
  +-------------- Nodularia **       
  |                               
--+  +----------- Anodonta_cygnea 
  |  |                            
  +--+  +-------- Unio_pictorum__2 **
     |  |                         
     +--+     +-- Unio_pictorum__1 **
        |  +--+                   
        |  |  +-- Unio_caffer **     
        +--+                      
           |  +-- Anodonta        
           +--+                   
              +-- Alasmidontina

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 2-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 3 1 1 2 2 1 23.0 
  +----- Cristariina
--+                 
  |  +-- Anodontina 
  +--+              
     +-- Unio **

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3861], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 1 9 3 1 -- 
  +-- Unio **      
--+             
  +-- Anodontini

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2b

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 10 0 2 23 8 1 28.0 
  +----- Unio **         
--+                   
  |  +-- Aculamprotula **
  +--+                
     +-- Anodontini

Kano et al., 2019 [Publ 4194], fig. 6

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 8 4 2 -- 
  +----- Lanceolariini
--+                   
  |  +-- Inversiunio **  
  +--+                
     +-- Nodularia **

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3847], fig. 5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 1 8 2 1 -- 
  +-- Anodontini
--+             
  +-- Unio **

Riccardi et al., 2020 [Publ 4089], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 1 17 15 2 -- 
  +----- Anodontini   
--+                   
  |  +-- Lanceolariini
  +--+                
     +-- Unio **

Rosenberg et al., 1997 [Publ 2720], fig. 2B

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 17 0 2 20 4 1 35.0 
  +----- Anodontina         
  |                         
  |  +-- Gonideini          
  |  |                      
  |  +-- Pyganodon_grandis  
  |  |                      
  |  +-- Utterbackia        
  |  |                      
  |  +-- Pyganodon_cataracta
--+  |                      
  |  +-- Lampsilis_straminea
  |  |                      
  |  +-- Lampsilis_teres    
  |  |                      
  |  +-- Megalonaias        
  |  |                      
  |  +-- Obliquaria         
  |  |                      
  +--+-- Theliderma         
     |                      
     +-- Quadrula           
     |                      
     +-- Uniomerus          
     |                      
     +-- Amblema            
     |                      
     +-- Elliptio           
     |                      
     +-- Fusconaia          
     |                      
     +-- Plectomerus        
     |                      
     +-- Aculamprotula **      
     |                      
     +-- Unio **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 11

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 1 10 8 1 -- 
  +-- Nodularia **    
--+                
  +-- Lanceolariini

Zhou et al., 2016 [Publ 3710], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 18 7 2 -- 
  +-------- Anodontini   
--+                      
  |  +----- Lepidodesmini
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Schistodesmus **
     +--+                
        +-- Unio **

Graf, 2002 [Publ 2651], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 1 16 2 1 -- 
  +-- Unio **      
--+             
  +-- Anodontini

Soroka & Burzynski, 2018 [Publ 3762], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 5 3 1 -- 
  +----- Anodontini   
--+                   
  |  +-- Unio **         
  +--+                
     +-- Aculamprotula **

Wu et al., 2025 [Publ 4442], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 1 33 33 1 -- 
  +-- Cuneopsis ** 
--+             
  +-- Anodontini

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3847], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 1 36 14 1 -- 
  +-- Unio **      
--+             
  +-- Anodontini

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 1 44 4 1 -- 
  +-- Unio **      
--+             
  +-- Anodontini

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 1 45 4 1 -- 
  +-- Unio **      
--+             
  +-- Anodontini

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 8b-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 1 1 1 1 -- 
  +-- Anodontini
--+             
  +-- Unio **

Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-MP

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 1 34 2 1 -- 
  +-- Anodontini
--+             
  +-- Unio **

Bolotov et al., 2016 [Publ 3743], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 1 28 1 1 -- 
  +-- Anodontini
--+             
  +-- Unio **

Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 1 29 3 1 -- 
-- (Unio

Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 1 29 3 1 -- 
  +-- Unio **      
--+             
  +-- Anodontini

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 1 44 4 1 -- 
  +-- Unio **      
--+             
  +-- Anodontini

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3861], fig. 1-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 1 9 3 1 -- 
  +-- Unio **      
--+             
  +-- Anodontini

Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-ML

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 1 34 2 1 -- 
  +-- Anodontini
--+             
  +-- Unio **

Bogan & Hoeh, 2000 [Publ 2650], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 1 32 3 1 -- 
-- (Unio

Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 3_5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 27 0 0 -- 
  +-- Unio **         
--+                
  +-- Aculamprotula **

Bolotov et al., 2016 [Publ 3743], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 1 28 1 1 -- 
  +-- Anodontini
--+             
  +-- Unio **

Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2648], fig. 2B

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 1 28 6 1 -- 
-- (Unio

Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 1 29 3 1 -- 
  +-- Unio **      
--+             
  +-- Anodontini

Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 5 0 1 29 3 1 25.0 
  +-- Unio_pictorum **
  |                
--+-- Unio_tumidus ** 
  |                
  +-- Anodontini

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 8a-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 1 1 1 1 -- 
  +-- Anodontini
--+             
  +-- Unio **

Tomilova et al., 2020 [Publ 4097], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 1 6 6 1 -- 
  +-- Unio **       
  |              
--+-- Cristariina
  |              
  +-- Anodontina

Graf & Cummings, 2006 [Publ 1968], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 1 45 4 1 -- 
  +-- Unio **      
--+             
  +-- Anodontini

Mabuchi & Nishida, 2020 [Publ 4120], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 3 0 2 10 6 2 21.0 
  +-------- Anodontini   
--+                      
  |  +----- Nodularia **    
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Lanceolariini
     +--+                
        +-- Inversiunio **

Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2648], fig. 2A

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 1 28 6 1 -- 
-- (Unio

Wu et al., 2025 [Publ 4442], fig. 6

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 1 15 15 1 -- 
  +-- Unio **      
--+             
  +-- Anodontini

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2a

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 23 8 1 -- 
  +----- Anodontini   
--+                   
  |  +-- Aculamprotula **
  +--+                
     +-- Unio **

Soroka & Burzynski, 2018 [Publ 3762], fig. 3-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 5 3 1 -- 
  +----- Anodontini   
--+                   
  |  +-- Unio **         
  +--+                
     +-- Aculamprotula **

Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2653], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 5 0 1 29 3 1 25.0 
  +----- Unio_pictorum **
--+                   
  |  +-- Unio_tumidus ** 
  +--+                
     +-- Anodontini

Bolotov et al., 2015 [Publ 3646], fig. 2A

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 8 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum

Rosenberg et al., 1994 [Publ 2719], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 18 3 1 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum

Combosch et al., 2017 [Publ 3806], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 14 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum

Huff et al., 2004 [Publ 2697], fig. 5-6

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 11 1 1 -- 
-- Unio_ravoisieri

Nagel et al., 1998 [Publ 1946], fig. 9

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 5 2 1 -- 
  +-- Unio **      
--+             
  +-- Anodontini

Chong et al., 2008 [Publ 2668], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 17 17 1 -- 
  +----------------- Anodonta_cygnea        
  |                                         
  +----------------- Pyganodon              
  |                                         
  +----------------- Alasminota             
  |                                         
  +----------------- Anodonta_anatina       
  |                                         
  +----------------- Unio **                   
  |                                         
  +----------------- Cristariina            
  |                                         
  |              +-- Anodonta_nuttalliana   
--+--------------+                          
  |              +-- Anodonta_californiensis
  |                                         
  |              +-- Pseudodontoideus       
  |              |                          
  +--------------+-- Alasmidonta            
  |              |                          
  |              +-- Lasmigona              
  |                                         
  |  +-------------- Pseudanodonta          
  |  |                                      
  |  |        +----- Strophitus             
  |  +--------+                             
  +--+        |  +-- Prolasmidonta          
     |        +--+                          
     |           +-- Platynaias             
     |                                      
     |  +----------- Anodonta_oregonensis__4
     +--+                                   
        |  +-------- Anodonta_oregonensis__3
        +--+                                
           |  +----- Anodonta_oregonensis__2
           +--+                             
              |  +-- Anodonta_oregonensis__1
              +--+                          
                 +-- Anodonta_kennerlyi

Combosch et al., 2017 [Publ 3806], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 14 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum

Fonseca et al., 2016 [Publ 3775], fig. 1-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 8 3 1 -- 
  +-- Unio **      
--+             
  +-- Anodontini

González & Giribet, 2015 [Publ 3632], fig. 6

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 5 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum

Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2649], fig. 1_2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 10 1 1 -- 
  +-- Unio **      
--+             
  +-- Anodontini

González & Giribet, 2015 [Publ 3632], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 5 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum

González & Giribet, 2015 [Publ 3632], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 5 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum

Graf et al., 2015 [Publ 3619], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 19 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum

Rosenberg et al., 1997 [Publ 2720], fig. 2A

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 21 4 1 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3792], fig. 2-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 9 3 1 -- 
  +-- Unio **      
--+             
  +-- Anodontini

Feng et al., 2016 [Publ 3800], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 13 6 1 -- 
  +-- Tchangsinaia **
--+               
  +-- Anodontini

González & Giribet, 2015 [Publ 3632], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 5 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum

Graf, 2000 [Publ 2647], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 16 1 1 -- 
-- Unio

Gomes-dos-Santos et al., 2019 [Publ 3943], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 9 1 1 -- 
  +-- Unio **      
--+             
  +-- Anodontini

Zieritz et al., 2024 [Publ 4381], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 45 1 1 -- 
  +-- Anodontini
--+             
  +-- Unio **

Araujo et al., 2009 [Publ 2395], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 7 0 0 -- 
-- Unio

Bieler et al., 2014 [Publ 3622], fig. 28

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 4 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum

Bieler et al., 2014 [Publ 3622], fig. 26_27_29_30

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 4 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum

Pfeiffer & Graf, 2015 [Publ 3620], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 39 2 1 -- 
  +-- Unio **      
--+             
  +-- Anodontini

Lopes-Lima et al., 2018 [Publ 3829], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 27 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum

Huff et al., 2004 [Publ 2697], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 10 1 1 -- 
  +-- Unio **      
--+             
  +-- Anodontini

Wang et al., 2016 [Publ 3714], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 2 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_tumidus

Klunzinger et al., 2021 [Publ 4086], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 5 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum

Bogan et al., 2023 [Publ 4295], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 30 28 1 -- 
  +-- Schistodesmus **
--+                
  +-- Anodontini

Gomes-dos-Santos et al., 2019 [Publ 3943], fig. 1-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 5 1 1 -- 
  +-- Unio **      
--+             
  +-- Anodontini

Bolotov et al., 2015 [Publ 3646], fig. 2B

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 8 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum

Huff et al., 2004 [Publ 2697], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 11 1 1 -- 
  +-- Unio **      
--+             
  +-- Anodontini

Vikhrev et al., 2018 [Publ 3812], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 12 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_ravoisieri

Taylor et al., 2007 [Publ 2696], fig. 1-3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 3 1 1 -- 
  +-- Anodontini
--+             
  +-- Unio **

Huang et al., 2013 [Publ 3629], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 15 6 1 -- 
  +-- Unio **      
--+             
  +-- Anodontini

Giribet & Distel, 2003 [Publ 3670], fig. 3f5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 5 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_ravoisieri

Lopes-Lima et al., 2018 [Publ 3829], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 27 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum

Graf et al., 2014 [Publ 3591], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 10 0 0 -- 
-- Unio_pictorum

Marshall et al., 2014 [Publ 3593], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 13 1 1 -- 
  +-- Anodontini
--+             
  +-- Unio **

Page updated: 09:56:10 Tue 01 Jul 2025
 
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