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Page last updated
Wed 04 Dec 2024

The Freshwater Mussels (Unionoida) of the World (and other less consequential bivalves)

FM(U)otW(aolcb) is the web version of the MUSSEL Project Database. Follow the links to browse the data or use the custom Google search field. Either way, you win!

This page documents data for Wu et al. (2023), such as genera and species attributed to that publication (including known misspellings, misidentifications, and other unavailable names) as well as taxonomic opinions, if available. Taxonomic opinions refer to uses of genera and species as valid and invalid in that work.

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Publication information

Wu, R., L. Liu, L. Zhang, D. Jin, X. Wu et al. 2023. Molecular phylogeny and comparative morphology reveal the species validity and systematic position of Lepidodesma (Bivalvia: Unionidae). Organisms Diversity & Evolution (2023): 1-16.

Click here for online access.

Cladogram Figures

(click the figure number to see the cladogram)

fig. 4_S5-aa
fig. 4_S5-nt
fig. 5

Attributed Species Names

Unio crassus Soroka, 2005
‘Philippson’ of Authors.
Soroka, 2005, Zool. Sci. 22: 1138, Table 1.
Soroka, 2010, Folia Malac. 18(4): Table 2. [in part]
Reis et al., 2013, Graellsia 69(1): 22, Table 2.
Prié & Puillandre, 2014, Hydrobiologia 735(1): online resource 1 [as ‘Unio crassus crassus’].
Douda et al., 2014, J. Appl. Ecol. 51: 1087. [in part]
Froufe et al., 2016, Org Divers Evol 16(3): 606, fig. 3. [in part]
Klishko et al., 2017, Zootaxa 4286(1): 98, Table 3.
Soroka & Burzynski, 2017, mtDNA B 2(2): 863.
Burzynski et al., 2017, MPE 107: 606.
Lopes-Lima et al., 2017, Biol. Rev. 92(1): Table S1 [as ‘Unio crassus crassus’]. [in part]
Araujo et al., 2018, J. Linn. Soc., Zool. 182(2): supplementary table. [in part]
Klishko et al., 2018, Systemat. Biodiv. 16(3): 291.
Burzynski & Soroka, 2018, PeerJ 6, e5573: 3.
Wang et al., 2018, Conserv. Genet. Resour. 10(4): 611.
Wang et al., 2018, Conserv. Genet. Resour. 11: 140.
Cha et al., 2018, mtDNA B 3(2): 946.
Aunins et al., 2018, mtDNA B 3(2): 1125.
Wu et al., 2018, PLoS One 13(8), e0200956: 6. [in part]
Klishko et al., 2019, Ruthenica 29(1): 57, Table 1.
Wu et al., 2019, ZooKeys 812: 29.
Huang et al., 2019, MPE 130: Table S5. [in part]
Fukata & Iigo, 2019, mtDNA B 4(2): 3489.
Guerra et al., 2019, BMC Evol. Biol. 19 (229): Table S1.
Froufe et al., 2019, Heredity 124: 185.
Soroka, 2020, J. Zool. Syst. Evol. Res. 58(2): Table 2.
Fukata & Iigo, 2020, mtDNA B 5(2): 1216.
Sano et al., 2020, Plankton Benthos Res. 15(2): 99.
Wu et al., 2020, Invert. Syst. 34: Table S2.
Kilikowska et al., 2020, Life 10(7): 1. [in part]
Lopes-Lima et al., 2021, MPE 163: fig. 6 [by voucher number]. [in part]
Sayenko et al., 2021, Systemat. Biodiv. 19: 58, Table 1.
Wu et al., 2021, J. Lake Sci. 33(6): attached Table 2.
Zieritz et al., 2021, Zool. J. Linn. Soc. 193(3): 1092.
Kim et al., 2021, mtDNA B 6(1): 80.
Pfarrer et al., 2022, Hydrobiologia 849: ESM1.
Wu et al., 2022, Zool. Scripta 51: Table S2.
Dai et al., 2023, Invert. Syst. 37(2): Table 2.
Chen et al., 2023, ZooKeys 1173: Table 1.
Wu et al., 2023, Org Divers Evol (2023): Table 2.
Dai et al., 2024, Zool. Scripta 53: Table 1.
Wu et al., 2024, J. Zool. Syst. Evol. Res. 2024, 1499508: Table 2.
Wu et al., 2024, Zool. Scripta early online: Table S3.
Dai et al., 2024, Invert. Syst. 38(6): Table 3. [in part]
(misidentified reference to Unio crassus Retzius, 1788)

Chamberlainia hainesiana Kongim et al., 2015
‘Lea’ of Authors.
Kongim et al., 2015, ZooKeys 514: 98, fig. 2A.
Lopes-Lima et al., 2017, MPE 106: 177.
Bolotov et al., 2017, Sci. Repts. 7: Table S1.
Bolotov et al., 2017, Sci. Repts. 7: Table S1.
Froufe et al., 2019, Heredity 124: 185.
Huang et al., 2019, MPE 130: Table S4.
Chen et al., 2020, mtDNA B 5(3): 2800.
Teiga-Teixeira et al., 2020, mtDNA B 5(3): 2978.
Zieritz et al., 2020, Biodivers. Conserv. 29: 2244.
Bolotov et al., 2020, Sci. Repts. 10: Table S1.
Lopes-Lima et al., 2020, MPE 146: Table 1.
Zieritz et al., 2021, Zool. J. Linn. Soc. 193(3): Table 1.
Zieritz et al., 2021, Aquatic Conserv.: Mar. Freshw. Ecosyst. 31: 3176.
Jeratthitikul et al., 2021, Eur. J. Taxonomy 775: 125.
Wu et al., 2021, ZooKeys 1054: 87.
Wu et al., 2021, J. Lake Sci. 33(6): attached Table 1.
Wu et al., 2022, Zool. Scripta 51: Table S2.
Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022, Mol. Biol. Rep. 49: Table S1.
Jeratthitikul et al., 2022, Sci. Repts. 12: Table S1.
Dai et al., 2023, Invert. Syst. 37(2): Tables 1-2.
Konopleva et al., 2023, Zoosyst. Evol. 99(1): Table S1.
Wu et al., 2023, Org Divers Evol (2023): Table 2.
Dai et al., 2024, Zool. Scripta 53: Table 1.
Dai et al., 2024, Invert. Syst. 38(6): Table 3.
(misidentified reference to Unio hainesianus Lea, 1856)

Lamellidens marginalis Bolotov et al., 2017
‘Lamarck’ of Authors.
Bolotov et al., 2017, Sci. Repts. 7: Table S1 [as ‘Lamellidens marginalis sp. 4’].
Konopleva et al., 2017, Systemat. Biodiv. 15(3): 207. [in part]
Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022, Mol. Biol. Rep. 49: Table S1.
Wu et al., 2023, Org Divers Evol (2023): Table 2.
Wu et al., 2024, J. Zool. Syst. Evol. Res. 2024, 1499508: Table 2.
(misidentified reference to Unio marginalis Lamarck, 1819)

Taxonomic Opinions

Aculamprotula coreana

Aculamprotula polysticta

Aculamprotula scripta

Aculamprotula tientsinensis

Aculamprotula tortuosa

Acuticosta chinensis

Alasmidonta varicosa

Amblema plicata

Anemina arcaeformis (Heude, 1877)

Anemina euscaphys

Anodonta anatina (Linnaeus, 1758)

Anodonta cygnea (Linnaeus, 1758)

Anodonta exulcerata

Anodonta nuttalliana

Anodontites trapesialis

Beringiana fukuharai

Chamberlainia hainesiana

Cristaria plicata (Leach, 1814)

Cumberlandia monodonta

Cuneopsis celtiformis

Cuneopsis demangei

Cuneopsis heudei

Cuneopsis rufescens

Elliptio complanata (Lightfoot, 1786)

Gibbosula crassa

Gibbosula rochechouartii

Hyridella (Echyridella) menziesii

Hyriopsis bialata

Lamellidens marginalis

Lamprotula caveata

Lamprotula cornuumlunae

Lamprotula leaii

Lampsilis cardium Rafinesque, 1820

Lampsilis cariosa

Lampsilis ornata

Lampsilis powellii

Lampsilis siliquoidea

Lanceolaria gladiola

Lanceolaria grayii

Lanceolaria lanceolata

Lasmigona complanata

Leaunio lienosus

Lens contradens

Lepidodesma aligera (Heude, 1877)

Lepidodesma languilati (Heude, 1874)

Margaritifera dahurica (Middendorff, 1850)

Margaritifera falcata

Margaritifera margaritifera (Linnaeus, 1758)

Microcondylaea bonellii

Monodontina vondembuschiana

Mutela dubia

Neotrigonia margaritacea

Nodularia breviconcha

Nodularia douglasiae

Obliquaria reflexa Rafinesque, 1820

Parvasolenaia rivularis

Physunio superbus

Pilsbryoconcha exilis

Platynaias compressa (Lea, 1829)

Pleurobema oviforme

Popenaias popeii

Potamilus alatus (Say, 1817)

Potamilus leptodon

Potamilus streckersoni

Potomida littoralis

Prolasmidonta heterodon

Pronodularia japanensis

Pseudanodonta complanata (Rossmässler, 1835)

Pseudocuneopsis capitata

Pseudocuneopsis sichuanensis

Pseudunio marocanus

Ptychorhynchus pfisteri

Pyganodon grandis (Say, 1829)

Quadrula quadrula (Rafinesque, 1820)

Rectidens sumatrensis

Schistodesmus lampreyanus

Schistodesmus sp. ‘Lamprotula gottschei’

Schistodesmus spinosus

Sinanodonta lucida

Sinanodonta tumens (Haas, 1910)

Sinanodonta woodiana (Lea, 1834)

Sinohyriopsis cumingii

Sinohyriopsis schlegelii

Sinosolenaia carinata

Sinosolenaia iridinea

Sinosolenaia oleivora

Strophitus undulatus (Say, 1817)

Tchangsinaia piscicula

Toxolasma parvum

Truncilla truncata Rafinesque, 1820

Unio crassus

Unio delphinus

Unio elongatulus

Unio mancus

Unio pictorum

Unio tumidus

Uniomerus tetralasmus

Utterbackia imbecillis

Utterbackia peninsularis

Venustaconcha ellipsiformis

Cladogram Figure 4_S5-aa
  +-------------------------------------------------- Neotrigonia_margaritacea    
  |                                                                               
  |  +----------------------------------------------- Echyridella_menziesii       
  |  |                                                                            
  |  |                                            +-- Anodontites_trapesialis     
--+  |  +-----------------------------------------+                               
  |  |  |                                         +-- Mutela_dubia                
  |  |  |                                                                         
  |  |  |                                         +-- Gibbosula_crassa            
  |  |  |                             +-----------+                               
  +--+  |                             |           +-- Gibbosula_rochechouartii    
     |  |  +--------------------------+                                           
     |  |  |                          |  +----------- Cumberlandia_monodonta      
     |  |  |                          +--+                                        
     |  |  |                             |  +-------- Pseudunio_marocanus         
     |  |  |                             +--+                                     
     |  |  |                                |  +----- Margaritifera_falcata       
     |  |  |                                +--+                                  
     |  |  |                                   |  +-- Margaritifera_dahurica      
     +--+  |                                   +--+                               
        |  |                                      +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera 
        |  |                                                                      
        |  |                                      +-- Quadrula_quadrula           
        |  |           +--------------------------+                               
        |  |           |                          +-- Uniomerus_tetralasmus       
        |  |           |                                                          
        |  |  +--------+                          +-- Elliptio_complanata         
        |  |  |        |  +-----------------------+                               
        |  |  |        |  |                       +-- Pleurobema_oviforme         
        |  |  |        +--+                                                       
        |  |  |           |  +----------------------- Amblema_plicata             
        |  |  |           |  |                                                    
        |  |  |           +--+  +-------------------- Popenaias_popeii            
        +--+  |              |  |                                                 
           |  |              +--+  +----------------- Toxolasma_parvum            
           |  |                 |  |                                              
           |  |                 |  |           +----- Potamilus_leptodon          
           |  |                 +--+  +--------+                                  
           |  |                    |  |        |  +-- Potamilus_alatus            
           |  |                    |  |        +--+                               
           |  |                    |  |           +-- Potamilus_streckersoni      
           |  |                    +--+                                           
           |  |                       |  +----------- Leaunio_lienosus            
           |  |                       |  |                                        
           |  |                       |  |     +----- Lampsilis_ornata            
           |  |                       +--+  +--+                                  
           |  |                          |  |  |  +-- Lampsilis_cardium           
           |  |                          |  |  +--+                               
           |  |                          +--+     +-- Lampsilis_cariosa           
           |  |                             |                                     
           |  |                             |  +----- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis 
           |  |                             +--+                                  
           |  |                                |  +-- Lampsilis_powellii          
           |  |                                +--+                               
           |  |                                   +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea       
           +--+                                                                   
              |                                +----- Chamberlainia_somsakpanhai  
              |              +-----------------+                                  
              |              |                 |  +-- Sinohyriopsis_cumingii      
              |              |                 +--+                               
              |              |                    +-- Sinohyriopsis_schlegelii    
              |              |                                                    
              |              |                    +-- Hyriopsis_bialata           
              |              |                 +--+                               
              |  +-----------+                 |  +-- Rectidens_sumatrensis       
              |  |           |  +--------------+                                  
              |  |           |  |              |  +-- Lens_contradens             
              |  |           |  |              +--+                               
              |  |           |  |                 +-- Physunio_superbus           
              |  |           |  |                                                 
              |  |           |  |        +----------- Potomida_littoralis         
              |  |           +--+  +-----+                                        
              |  |              |  |     |  +-------- Pronodularia_japanensis     
              |  |              |  |     +--+                                     
              |  |              |  |        |  +----- Lamprotula_leaii            
              |  |              |  |        +--+                                  
              |  |              |  |           |  +-- Lamprotula_caveata          
              |  |              +--+           +--+                               
              |  |                 |              +-- Lamprotula_cornuumlunae     
              |  |                 |                                              
              |  |                 |              +-- Pseudodon_vondembuschianus  
              |  |                 |  +-----------+                               
              |  |                 |  |           +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis       
              |  |                 +--+                                           
              |  |                    |  +----------- Microcondylaea_bonellii     
              +--+                    |  |                                        
                 |                    +--+        +-- Parvasolenaia_rivularis     
                 |                       |  +-----+                               
                 |                       |  |     +-- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri     
                 |                       +--+                                     
                 |                          |  +----- Sinosolenaia_carinata       
                 |                          +--+                                  
                 |                             |  +-- Sinosolenaia_iridinea       
                 |                             +--+                               
                 |                                +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora       
                 |                                                                
                 |  +-------------------------------- Lamellidens_jenkinsianus    
                 |  |                                                             
                 |  |                             +-- Lepidodesma_aligera         
                 |  |  +--------------------------+                               
                 |  |  |                          +-- Lepidodesma_languilati      
                 |  |  |                                                          
                 |  |  |                    +-------- Aculamprotula_tortuosa      
                 |  |  |                    |                                     
                 |  |  |     +--------------+     +-- Aculamprotula_coreana       
                 |  |  |     |              |  +--+                               
                 +--+  |     |              |  |  +-- Aculamprotula_tientsinensis 
                    |  |     |              +--+                                  
                    |  |     |                 |  +-- Aculamprotula_polysticta    
                    |  |     |                 +--+                               
                    |  |     |                    +-- Aculamprotula_scripta       
                    |  |     |                                                    
                    |  |  +--+        +-------------- Unio_tumidus                
                    |  |  |  |  +-----+                                           
                    |  |  |  |  |     |  +----------- Unio_nanus                  
                    |  |  |  |  |     +--+                                        
                    +--+  |  |  |        |  +-------- Unio_elongatulus            
                       |  |  |  |        +--+                                     
                       |  |  |  |           |  +----- Unio_pictorum               
                       |  |  |  |           +--+                                  
                       |  |  |  |              |  +-- Unio_delphinus              
                       |  |  +--+              +--+                               
                       |  |     |                 +-- Unio_mancus                 
                       |  |     |                                                 
                       |  |     |                 +-- Nodularia_breviconcha       
                       |  |     |              +--+                               
                       |  |     |              |  +-- Nodularia_nipponensis       
                       |  |     |  +-----------+                                  
                       |  |     |  |           |  +-- Pseudocuneopsis_capitata    
                       |  |     |  |           +--+                               
                       |  |     +--+              +-- Pseudocuneopsis_sichuanensis
                       |  |        |                                              
                       |  |        |  +-------------- Tchangsinaia_piscicula      
                       |  |        |  |                                           
                       +--+        +--+           +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus   
                          |           |  +--------+                               
                          |           |  |        +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus      
                          |           +--+                                        
                          |              |  +-------- Cuneopsis_rufescens         
                          |              +--+                                     
                          |                 |  +----- Cuneopsis_celtiformis       
                          |                 +--+                                  
                          |                    |  +-- Cuneopsis_demangei          
                          |                    +--+                               
                          |                       +-- Cuneopsis_heudei            
                          |                                                       
                          |                 +-------- Acuticosta_chinensis        
                          |        +--------+                                     
                          |        |        |  +----- Lanceolaria_gladiola        
                          |        |        +--+                                  
                          |        |           |  +-- Lanceolaria_grayii          
                          |        |           +--+                               
                          |        |              +-- Lanceolaria_lanceolata      
                          |        |                                              
                          |        |           +----- Cristaria_plicata           
                          |        |     +-----+                                  
                          |        |     |     |  +-- Anemina_arcaeformis         
                          +--------+     |     +--+                               
                                   |  +--+        +-- Anemina_euscaphys           
                                   |  |  |                                        
                                   |  |  |  +-------- Beringiana_fukuharai        
                                   |  |  +--+                                     
                                   |  |     |  +----- Sinanodonta_lucida          
                                   |  |     +--+                                  
                                   |  |        |  +-- Sinanodonta_tumens          
                                   |  |        +--+                               
                                   |  |           +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana        
                                   +--+                                           
                                      |           +-- Anodonta_nuttalliana        
                                      |     +-----+                               
                                      |     |     +-- Pseudanodonta_complanata    
                                      |  +--+                                     
                                      |  |  |  +----- Anodonta_anatina            
                                      |  |  +--+                                  
                                      |  |     |  +-- Anodonta_cygnea             
                                      |  |     +--+                               
                                      |  |        +-- Anodonta_exulcerata         
                                      +--+                                        
                                         |     +----- Pyganodon_grandis           
                                         |  +--+                                  
                                         |  |  |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis    
                                         |  |  +--+                               
                                         |  |     +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis      
                                         +--+                                     
                                            |     +-- Alasmidonta_varicosa        
                                            |  +--+                               
                                            |  |  +-- Platynaias_compressa        
                                            +--+                                  
                                               |  +-- Prolasmidonta_heterodon     
                                               +--+                               
                                                  +-- Lasmigona_complanata        
Cladogram Figure 4_S5-nt
  +----------------------------------------------------- Neotrigonia_margaritacea    
  |                                                                                  
  |  +-------------------------------------------------- Echyridella_menziesii       
  |  |                                                                               
  |  |                                               +-- Anodontites_trapesialis     
--+  |  +--------------------------------------------+                               
  |  |  |                                            +-- Mutela_dubia                
  |  |  |                                                                            
  |  |  |                                            +-- Gibbosula_crassa            
  |  |  |                                +-----------+                               
  +--+  |                                |           +-- Gibbosula_rochechouartii    
     |  |  +-----------------------------+                                           
     |  |  |                             |  +----------- Cumberlandia_monodonta      
     |  |  |                             +--+                                        
     |  |  |                                |  +-------- Pseudunio_marocanus         
     |  |  |                                +--+                                     
     |  |  |                                   |  +----- Margaritifera_falcata       
     |  |  |                                   +--+                                  
     |  |  |                                      |  +-- Margaritifera_dahurica      
     +--+  |                                      +--+                               
        |  |                                         +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera 
        |  |                                                                         
        |  |                                         +-- Quadrula_quadrula           
        |  |              +--------------------------+                               
        |  |              |                          +-- Uniomerus_tetralasmus       
        |  |              |                                                          
        |  |  +-----------+                          +-- Elliptio_complanata         
        |  |  |           |  +-----------------------+                               
        |  |  |           |  |                       +-- Pleurobema_oviforme         
        |  |  |           +--+                                                       
        |  |  |              |  +----------------------- Amblema_plicata             
        |  |  |              |  |                                                    
        |  |  |              +--+  +-------------------- Popenaias_popeii            
        +--+  |                 |  |                                                 
           |  |                 +--+  +----------------- Toxolasma_parvum            
           |  |                    |  |                                              
           |  |                    |  |           +----- Potamilus_leptodon          
           |  |                    +--+  +--------+                                  
           |  |                       |  |        |  +-- Potamilus_alatus            
           |  |                       |  |        +--+                               
           |  |                       |  |           +-- Potamilus_streckersoni      
           |  |                       +--+                                           
           |  |                          |  +----------- Leaunio_lienosus            
           |  |                          |  |                                        
           |  |                          |  |     +----- Lampsilis_ornata            
           |  |                          +--+  +--+                                  
           |  |                             |  |  |  +-- Lampsilis_cardium           
           |  |                             |  |  +--+                               
           |  |                             +--+     +-- Lampsilis_cariosa           
           |  |                                |                                     
           |  |                                |  +----- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis 
           |  |                                +--+                                  
           |  |                                   |  +-- Lampsilis_powellii          
           |  |                                   +--+                               
           |  |                                      +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea       
           +--+                                                                      
              |                                   +----- Chamberlainia_somsakpanhai  
              |                 +-----------------+                                  
              |                 |                 |  +-- Sinohyriopsis_cumingii      
              |                 |                 +--+                               
              |                 |                    +-- Sinohyriopsis_schlegelii    
              |                 |                                                    
              |                 |                    +-- Hyriopsis_bialata           
              |                 |                 +--+                               
              |  +--------------+                 |  +-- Rectidens_sumatrensis       
              |  |              |  +--------------+                                  
              |  |              |  |              |  +-- Lens_contradens             
              |  |              |  |              +--+                               
              |  |              |  |                 +-- Physunio_superbus           
              |  |              |  |                                                 
              |  |              |  |        +----------- Potomida_littoralis         
              |  |              +--+  +-----+                                        
              |  |                 |  |     |  +-------- Pronodularia_japanensis     
              |  |                 |  |     +--+                                     
              |  |                 |  |        |  +----- Lamprotula_leaii            
              |  |                 |  |        +--+                                  
              |  |                 |  |           |  +-- Lamprotula_caveata          
              |  |                 +--+           +--+                               
              |  |                    |              +-- Lamprotula_cornuumlunae     
              |  |                    |                                              
              |  |                    |              +-- Pseudodon_vondembuschianus  
              |  |                    |  +-----------+                               
              |  |                    |  |           +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis       
              |  |                    |  |                                           
              |  |                    +--+           +-- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri     
              +--+                       |  +--------+                               
                 |                       |  |        +-- Microcondylaea_bonellii     
                 |                       +--+                                        
                 |                          |  +-------- Parvasolenaia_rivularis     
                 |                          +--+                                     
                 |                             |  +----- Sinosolenaia_carinata       
                 |                             +--+                                  
                 |                                |  +-- Sinosolenaia_iridinea       
                 |                                +--+                               
                 |                                   +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora       
                 |                                                                   
                 |  +----------------------------------- Lamellidens_jenkinsianus    
                 |  |                                                                
                 |  |                                +-- Lepidodesma_aligera         
                 |  |  +-----------------------------+                               
                 |  |  |                             +-- Lepidodesma_languilati      
                 |  |  |                                                             
                 |  |  |                       +-------- Acuticosta_chinensis        
                 |  |  |        +--------------+                                     
                 |  |  |        |              |  +----- Lanceolaria_gladiola        
                 |  |  |        |              +--+                                  
                 +--+  |        |                 |  +-- Lanceolaria_grayii          
                    |  |        |                 +--+                               
                    |  |        |                    +-- Lanceolaria_lanceolata      
                    |  |        |                                                    
                    |  |        |        +-------------- Cristaria_plicata           
                    |  |  +-----+        |                                           
                    |  |  |     |  +-----+           +-- Anemina_arcaeformis         
                    |  |  |     |  |     |  +--------+                               
                    |  |  |     |  |     |  |        +-- Anemina_euscaphys           
                    |  |  |     |  |     +--+                                        
                    +--+  |     |  |        |  +-------- Beringiana_fukuharai        
                       |  |     |  |        +--+                                     
                       |  |     |  |           |  +----- Sinanodonta_lucida          
                       |  |     |  |           +--+                                  
                       |  |     +--+              |  +-- Sinanodonta_tumens          
                       |  |        |              +--+                               
                       |  |        |                 +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana        
                       |  |        |                                                 
                       |  |        |  +----------------- Anodonta_nuttalliana        
                       |  |        |  |                                              
                       |  |        |  +----------------- Pseudanodonta_complanata    
                       |  |        |  |                                              
                       |  |        +--+  +-------------- Anodonta_cygnea             
                       |  |           |  |                                           
                       |  |           |  |           +-- Anodonta_exulcerata         
                       |  |           |  +-----------+                               
                       |  |           |  |           +-- Anodonta_anatina            
                       |  |           +--+                                           
                       +--+              |        +----- Pyganodon_grandis           
                          |              |  +-----+                                  
                          |              |  |     |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis      
                          |              |  |     +--+                               
                          |              +--+        +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis    
                          |                 |                                        
                          |                 |  +-------- Lasmigona_complanata        
                          |                 +--+                                     
                          |                    |  +----- Prolasmidonta_heterodon     
                          |                    +--+                                  
                          |                       |  +-- Alasmidonta_varicosa        
                          |                       +--+                               
                          |                          +-- Platynaias_compressa        
                          |                                                          
                          |                    +-------- Aculamprotula_tortuosa      
                          |                    |                                     
                          |  +-----------------+     +-- Aculamprotula_coreana       
                          |  |                 |  +--+                               
                          |  |                 |  |  +-- Aculamprotula_tientsinensis 
                          |  |                 +--+                                  
                          |  |                    |  +-- Aculamprotula_polysticta    
                          |  |                    +--+                               
                          |  |                       +-- Aculamprotula_scripta       
                          |  |                                                       
                          +--+              +----------- Unio_tumidus                
                             |              |                                        
                             |  +-----------+  +-------- Unio_nanus                  
                             |  |           |  |                                     
                             |  |           +--+  +----- Unio_elongatulus            
                             |  |              |  |                                  
                             |  |              +--+  +-- Unio_delphinus              
                             |  |                 |  |                               
                             |  |                 +--+-- Unio_mancus                 
                             +--+                    |                               
                                |                    +-- Unio_pictorum               
                                |                                                    
                                |                    +-- Pseudocuneopsis_capitata    
                                |  +-----------------+                               
                                |  |                 +-- Pseudocuneopsis_sichuanensis
                                |  |                                                 
                                +--+                 +-- Nodularia_breviconcha       
                                   |  +--------------+                               
                                   |  |              +-- Nodularia_nipponensis       
                                   |  |                                              
                                   +--+           +----- Tchangsinaia_piscicula      
                                      |  +--------+                                  
                                      |  |        |  +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus__2
                                      |  |        +--+                               
                                      +--+           +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus      
                                         |                                           
                                         |  +----------- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus__1
                                         +--+                                        
                                            |  +-------- Cuneopsis_rufescens         
                                            +--+                                     
                                               |  +----- Cuneopsis_celtiformis       
                                               +--+                                  
                                                  |  +-- Cuneopsis_demangei          
                                                  +--+                               
                                                     +-- Cuneopsis_heudei            
Cladogram Figure 5
                    +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera
  +-----------------+                              
  |                 +-- Margaritifera_dahurica     
  |                                                
  |                 +-- Elliptio_complanata        
  |        +--------+                              
  |        |        +-- Quadrula_quadrula          
--+  +-----+                                       
  |  |     |  +-------- Obliquaria_reflexa         
  |  |     +--+                                    
  |  |        |  +----- Truncilla_truncata         
  |  |        +--+                                 
  |  |           |  +-- Lampsilis_cardium          
  |  |           +--+                              
  +--+              +-- Potamilus_alatus           
     |                                             
     |              +-- Lepidodesma_languilati     
     |  +-----------+                              
     |  |           +-- Lepidodesma_aligera        
     |  |                                          
     |  |     +-------- Anemina_arcaeformis        
     +--+  +--+                                    
        |  |  |  +----- Cristaria_plicata          
        |  |  +--+                                 
        |  |     |  +-- Sinanodonta_tumens         
        |  |     +--+                              
        +--+        +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana       
           |                                       
           |        +-- Platynaias                 
           |  +-----+                              
           |  |     +-- Platynaias_compressa       
           +--+                                    
              |  +----- Anodonta_anatina           
              +--+                                 
                 |  +-- Pseudanodonta_complanata   
                 +--+                              
                    +-- Anodonta_cygnea            

Page updated: 15:12:32 Wed 04 Dec 2024

 
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