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Page last updated
Thu 04 Apr 2024

The Freshwater Mussels (Unionoida) of the World (and other less consequential bivalves)

FM(U)otW(aolcb) is the web version of the MUSSEL Project Database. Follow the links to browse the data or use the custom Google search field. Either way, you win!

Cladomics pages are experimental — even more so than the rest of this site!

The purpose of the cladomics pages for each genus and family-group level taxon is to provide statistics and references indicating the extent to which published phylogenetic work supports the classification used here.

The Cladomics Summary provides an overview of the number of studies that have included terminal species representing this taxon as well as an indication of how frequently it has been recovered as monophyletic.

Following the summary, the available published clades representing the taxon are listed.

For more information, visit the Cladomics FARQ (frequently asked rhetorical questions) page. Abbreviations for the various statistics are explained on the FARQ!

Search the database pages:

Bivalvia | Unionoida | Unionoidea | Unionidae | Ambleminae | Pleurobemini

genus Fusconaia Simpson, 1900: cladomics
     19 valid species

Cladomics Summary

number of species = 19

analyzed in 81 cladograms in 46 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis = 50, mean = 4.2

Basic Monophyly

number of cladograms that test basic monophyly (i.e., more than 1 included species) = 32
maximum number of included terminals = 50, mean = 9.09
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly = 0.91


Pairwise Cladogram Clustering

The graphs below depict in two dimensions all pair-wise ingroup distances within the cladome. See the Cladmoics FARQ for more information.


PCoA Ordination


NJ tree


Inoue et al., 2018 [Publ 3858], fig. 1, 3a-c

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
50 50 14 50 155 107 8 0.0

*** Top Monophyly Cladogram *** *** Top Sister-Group Cladogram ***

     +-------------------------- Pleurobema_plenum        
     |                                                    
     |  +----------------------- Pleurobema_stabile       
     |  |                                                 
     |  |                 +----- Pleurobema_pyriforme     
  +--+  |              +--+                               
  |  |  |              |  |  +-- Pleurobema_georgianum[2] 
  |  |  |              |  +--+                            
  |  |  |  +-----------+     +-- Pleurobema_athearni      
  |  |  |  |           |                                  
  |  +--+  |           |  +----- Pleurobema_decisum       
  |     |  |           |  |                               
  |     |  |           +--+  +-- Pleurobema_georgianum[1] 
  |     |  |              |  |                            
  |     |  |              +--+-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum[1]
  |     |  |                 |                            
  |     |  |                 +-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum[2]
  |     |  |                                              
  |     +--+     +-------------- Pleurobema_beadleianum[2]
  |        |     |                                        
  |        |  +--+  +----------- Pleurobema_strodeanum[2] 
  |        |  |  |  |                                     
  |        |  |  +--+----------- Pleurobema_rubellum      
  |        |  |     |                                     
  |        |  |     |  +-------- Pleurobema_beadleianum[1]
  |        |  |     +--+                                  
  |        |  |        |  +----- Pleurobema_taitianum     
  |        |  |        +--+                               
  |        |  |           |  +-- Pleurobema_perovatum     
  |        +--+           +--+                            
  |           |              +-- Pleurobema_strodeanum[1] 
  |           |                                           
  |           |           +----- Pleurobema_oviforme[6]   
  |           |           |                               
  |           |        +--+----- Pleurobema_clava[3]      
  |           |        |  |                               
  |           |        |  |  +-- Pleurobema_oviforme[5]   
  |           |        |  +--+                            
  |           +--------+     +-- Pleurobema_clava[2]      
  |                    |                                  
  |                    |  +----- Pleurobema_oviforme[2]   
  |                    |  |                               
  |                    |  +----- Pleurobema_oviforme[3]   
  |                    +--+                               
  |                       +----- Pleurobema_oviforme[4]   
  |                       |                               
  |                       |  +-- Pleurobema_clava[1]      
  |                       +--+                            
  |                          +-- Pleurobema_oviforme[1]   
  |                                                       
  |  +-------------------------- Pleurobema_cordatum      
  |  |                                                    
  |  |                    +----- Fusconaia_subrotunda **     
  |  |  +-----------------+                               
  +--+  |                 |  +-- Fusconaia_cor **            
  |  |  |                 +--+                            
  |  |  |                    +-- Fusconaia_cuneolus **       
  |  |  |                                                 
  |  |  |  +-------------------- Fusconaia_ozarkensis **     
  |  +--+  |                                              
  |     |  |                 +-- Fusconaia_escambia **       
  |     |  |  +--------------+                            
  |     |  |  |              +-- Fusconaia_burkei **         
  |     |  |  |                                           
  |     |  |  |           +----- Fusconaia_flava[27] **      
  |     |  |  |           |                               
  |     +--+  |           |  +-- Fusconaia_iheringi **       
  |        |  |           +--+                            
  |        |  |           |  +-- Fusconaia_mitchelli **      
  |        |  +-----------+                               
  |        |  |           |  +-- Fusconaia_askewi[1] **      
  |        |  |           |  |                            
  |        |  |           |  +-- Fusconaia_askewi[2] **      
  |        |  |           |  |                            
  |        +--+           |  +-- Fusconaia_askewi[3] **      
  |           |           +--+                            
  |           |              +-- Fusconaia_askewi[4] **      
  |           |              |                            
  |           |              +-- Fusconaia_askewi[5] **      
  |           |              |                            
  |           |              +-- Fusconaia_chunii **         
  |           |                                           
--+           |  +-------------- Fusconaia_masoni **         
  |           |  |                                        
  |           |  |  +----------- Fusconaia_flava[26] **      
  |           |  |  |                                     
  |           |  |  |        +-- Fusconaia_cerina[8] **      
  |           +--+  |  +-----+                            
  |              |  |  |     +-- Fusconaia_flava[25] **      
  |              |  |  |                                  
  |              |  |  |  +----- Fusconaia_flava[5] **       
  |              |  |  |  |                               
  |              |  |  |  +----- Fusconaia_flava[6] **       
  |              +--+  |  |                               
  |                 |  |  +----- Fusconaia_flava[7] **       
  |                 |  |  |                               
  |                 |  |  +----- Fusconaia_flava[8] **       
  |                 |  |  |                               
  |                 |  |  +----- Fusconaia_cerina[4] **      
  |                 |  |  |                               
  |                 |  |  +----- Fusconaia_flava[9] **       
  |                 |  |  |                               
  |                 +--+  +----- Fusconaia_flava[10] **      
  |                    |  |                               
  |                    |  +----- Fusconaia_flava[11] **      
  |                    |  |                               
  |                    |  +----- Fusconaia_flava[12] **      
  |                    |  |                               
  |                    |  +----- Fusconaia_flava[13] **      
  |                    |  |                               
  |                    |  +----- Fusconaia_flava[14] **      
  |                    |  |                               
  |                    |  +----- Fusconaia_flava[15] **      
  |                    |  |                               
  |                    |  +----- Fusconaia_flava[16] **      
  |                    |  |                               
  |                    |  +----- Fusconaia_flava[17] **      
  |                    +--+                               
  |                       +----- Fusconaia_flava[18] **      
  |                       |                               
  |                       +----- Fusconaia_flava[19] **      
  |                       |                               
  |                       +----- Fusconaia_flava[20] **      
  |                       |                               
  |                       +----- Fusconaia_flava[21] **      
  |                       |                               
  |                       +----- Fusconaia_flava[22] **      
  |                       |                               
  |                       +----- Fusconaia_flava[23] **      
  |                       |                               
  |                       +----- Fusconaia_flava[24] **      
  |                       |                               
  |                       +----- Fusconaia_cerina[5] **      
  |                       |                               
  |                       +----- Fusconaia_cerina[6] **      
  |                       |                               
  |                       +----- Fusconaia_cerina[7] **      
  |                       |                               
  |                       |  +-- Fusconaia_flava[1] **       
  |                       |  |                            
  |                       |  +-- Fusconaia_flava[2] **       
  |                       |  |                            
  |                       |  +-- Fusconaia_flava[3] **       
  |                       |  |                            
  |                       +--+-- Fusconaia_flava[4] **       
  |                          |                            
  |                          +-- Fusconaia_cerina[1] **      
  |                          |                            
  |                          +-- Fusconaia_cerina[2] **      
  |                          |                            
  |                          +-- Fusconaia_cerina[3] **      
  |                                                       
  |           +----------------- Pleurobema_riddellii     
  |           |                                           
  |           |  +-------------- Pleurobema_sintoxia[21]  
  |           |  |                                        
  |           |  |  +----------- Pleurobema_sintoxia[19]  
  |           |  |  |                                     
  |           |  |  +----------- Pleurobema_sintoxia[20]  
  |           |  |  |                                     
  +-----------+  |  |     +----- Pleurobema_sintoxia[18]  
              |  |  |     |                               
              |  |  |     +----- Pleurobema_rubrum[19]    
              |  |  |     |                               
              |  |  |     +----- Pleurobema_rubrum[20]    
              |  |  +-----+                               
              |  |  |     +----- Pleurobema_rubrum[21]    
              |  |  |     |                               
              |  |  |     |  +-- Pleurobema_rubrum[17]    
              +--+  |     |  |                            
                 |  |     |  +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia[16]  
                 |  |     +--+                            
                 |  |        +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia[17]  
                 |  |        |                            
                 |  |        +-- Pleurobema_rubrum[18]    
                 |  |                                     
                 |  |  +-------- Pleurobema[4]            
                 |  |  |                                  
                 |  |  +-------- Pleurobema[5]            
                 |  |  |                                  
                 |  |  +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia[1]   
                 |  |  |                                  
                 |  |  +-------- Pleurobema[8]            
                 |  |  |                                  
                 |  |  +-------- Pleurobema[9]            
                 +--+  |                                  
                    |  +-------- Pleurobema[10]           
                    |  |                                  
                    |  +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia[3]   
                    |  |                                  
                    |  +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia[4]   
                    |  |                                  
                    |  +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia[5]   
                    |  |                                  
                    |  +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia[6]   
                    |  |                                  
                    |  +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia[7]   
                    |  |                                  
                    |  +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia[8]   
                    |  |                                  
                    |  +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia[9]   
                    |  |                                  
                    |  +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia[10]  
                    |  |                                  
                    |  +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia[11]  
                    |  |                                  
                    |  +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia[12]  
                    |  |                                  
                    |  +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia[13]  
                    |  |                                  
                    |  +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia[14]  
                    |  |                                  
                    |  +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia[15]  
                    |  |                                  
                    +--+-------- Pleurobema_rubrum[4]     
                       |                                  
                       +-------- Pleurobema_rubrum[5]     
                       |                                  
                       +-------- Pleurobema_rubrum[6]     
                       |                                  
                       +-------- Pleurobema_rubrum[7]     
                       |                                  
                       +-------- Pleurobema_rubrum[8]     
                       |                                  
                       +-------- Pleurobema_rubrum[9]     
                       |                                  
                       +-------- Pleurobema_rubrum[10]    
                       |                                  
                       +-------- Pleurobema_rubrum[11]    
                       |                                  
                       +-------- Pleurobema_rubrum[12]    
                       |                                  
                       +-------- Pleurobema_rubrum[13]    
                       |                                  
                       +-------- Pleurobema_rubrum[14]    
                       |                                  
                       +-------- Pleurobema_rubrum[15]    
                       |                                  
                       +-------- Pleurobema_rubrum[16]    
                       |                                  
                       |     +-- Pleurobema[6]            
                       +-----+                            
                       |     +-- Pleurobema_rubrum[1]     
                       |                                  
                       |     +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia[2]   
                       +-----+                            
                       |     +-- Pleurobema_rubrum[2]     
                       |                                  
                       |     +-- Pleurobema[7]            
                       +-----+                            
                       |     +-- Pleurobema_rubrum[3]     
                       |                                  
                       |  +----- Pleurobema[3]            
                       +--+                               
                          |  +-- Pleurobema[1]            
                          +--+                            
                             +-- Pleurobema[2]            

Pieri et al., 2018 [Publ 3867], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
30 30 17 30 7 4 2 26.0
  +----------------------------------- Eurynia_dilatata       
  |                                                           
  |                             +----- Pleurobema_clava       
  +-----------------------------+                             
  |                             |  +-- Pleurobema_riddellii   
  |                             +--+                          
  |                                +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia    
--+                                                           
  |                             +----- Fusconaia_subrotunda **   
  |  +--------------------------+                             
  |  |                          |  +-- Fusconaia_cor **          
  |  |                          +--+                          
  |  |                             +-- Fusconaia_cuneolus **     
  |  |                                                        
  +--+  +----------------------------- Fusconaia_ozarkensis **   
     |  |                                                     
     |  |                 +----------- Fusconaia_cerina[3] **    
     |  |                 |                                   
     |  |  +--------------+  +-------- Fusconaia_flava[1] **     
     +--+  |              |  |                                
        |  |              +--+  +----- Fusconaia_flava[3] **     
        |  |                 |  |                             
        |  |                 +--+  +-- Fusconaia_cerina[1] **    
        |  |                    |  |                          
        |  |                    +--+-- Fusconaia_cerina[2] **    
        +--+                       |                          
           |                       +-- Fusconaia_flava[2] **     
           |                                                  
           |  +----------------------- Fusconaia_masoni **       
           |  |                                               
           |  |                    +-- Fusconaia_burkei **       
           |  +--------------------+                          
           +--+                    +-- Fusconaia_escambia **     
              |                                               
              |  +-------------------- Fusconaia_mitchelli **    
              |  |                                            
              +--+  +----------------- Fusconaia_chunii **       
                 |  |                                         
                 |  |  +-------------- Fusconaia_askewi[9] **    
                 +--+  |                                      
                    |  |  +----------- Fusconaia_askewi[6] **    
                    |  |  |                                   
                    +--+  +----------- Fusconaia_askewi[7] **    
                       |  |                                   
                       |  +----------- Fusconaia_askewi[8] **    
                       |  |                                   
                       |  +----------- Fusconaia_lananensis[5] **
                       +--+                                   
                          +----------- Fusconaia_lananensis[6] **
                          |                                   
                          |  +-------- Fusconaia_askewi[5] **    
                          |  |                                
                          |  +-------- Fusconaia_lananensis[4] **
                          |  |                                
                          +--+  +----- Fusconaia_askewi[2] **    
                             |  |                             
                             |  +----- Fusconaia_askewi[3] **    
                             |  |                             
                             +--+----- Fusconaia_askewi[4] **    
                                |                             
                                |  +-- Fusconaia_askewi[1] **    
                                |  |                          
                                |  +-- Fusconaia_lananensis[1] **
                                +--+                          
                                   +-- Fusconaia_lananensis[2] **
                                   |                          
                                   +-- Fusconaia_lananensis[3] **

Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3308], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
16 16 9 16 35 16 8 41.0
                          +-- Pleurobema_stabile  
                    +-----+                       
                    |     +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia 
  +-----------------+                             
  |                 |  +----- Pleurobema_decisum  
  |                 +--+                          
  |                    |  +-- Pleurobema_clava    
--+                    +--+                       
  |                       +-- Pleurobema_pyriforme
  |                                               
  |  +----------------------- Pleurobema_cordatum 
  |  |                                            
  +--+  +-------------------- Fusconaia_subrotunda **
     |  |                                         
     |  |                 +-- Fusconaia_cor **       
     +--+  +--------------+                       
        |  |              +-- Fusconaia_cuneolus **  
        |  |                                      
        +--+  +-------------- Fusconaia_ozarkensis **
           |  |                                   
           |  |           +-- Fusconaia_flava[6] **  
           |  |  +--------+                       
           +--+  |        +-- Fusconaia_masoni **    
              |  |                                
              |  |        +-- Fusconaia_escambia **  
              |  |        |                       
              +--+        +-- Fusconaia_burkei[1] ** 
                 |  +-----+                       
                 |  |     +-- Fusconaia_burkei[2] ** 
                 |  |     |                       
                 |  |     +-- Fusconaia_burkei[3] ** 
                 +--+                             
                    |  +----- Fusconaia_flava[5] **  
                    |  |                          
                    |  |  +-- Fusconaia_cerina **    
                    +--+  |                       
                       |  +-- Fusconaia_flava[1] **  
                       |  |                       
                       +--+-- Fusconaia_flava[2] **  
                          |                       
                          +-- Fusconaia_flava[3] **  
                          |                       
                          +-- Fusconaia_flava[4] **  

Burlakova et al., 2012 [Publ 3486], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
16 16 9 16 27 26 7 43.0
                    +-------- Pleurobema_riddellii    
                    |                                 
  +-----------------+  +----- Pleurobema_sintoxia     
  |                 |  |                              
  |                 +--+----- Pleurobema_rubrum[2]    
  |                    |                              
  |                    |  +-- Pleurobema_cordatum     
  |                    +--+                           
  |                       +-- Pleurobema_rubrum[1]    
  |                                                   
  |  +----------------------- Parvaspina_collina      
  |  |                                                
  |  |                 +----- Pleuronaia_gibber       
  |  +-----------------+                              
  |  |                 |  +-- Pleuronaia_dolabelloides
--+  |                 +--+                           
  |  |                    +-- Pleuronaia_barnesiana   
  |  |                                                
  |  |                 +----- Plethobasus_cyphyus     
  |  +-----------------+                              
  |  |                 |  +-- Elliptio_arca           
  |  |                 +--+                           
  |  |                    +-- Elliptio_crassidens     
  |  |                                                
  |  |                    +-- Pleurobema_clava        
  |  |           +--------+                           
  |  |           |        +-- Pleurobema_oviforme     
  |  |           |                                    
  |  |           |  +-------- Pleurobema_decisum      
  +--+-----------+  |                                 
     |           |  +-------- Pleurobema_pyriforme    
     |           |  |                                 
     |           |  +-------- Pleurobema_hanleyianum  
     |           +--+                                 
     |              +-------- Pleurobema_georgianum   
     |              |                                 
     |              |  +----- Pleurobema_rubellum     
     |              |  |                              
     |              |  +----- Pleurobema_beadleianum  
     |              +--+                              
     |                 +----- Pleurobema_strodeanum   
     |                 |                              
     |                 |  +-- Pleurobema_perovatum    
     |                 +--+                           
     |                    +-- Pleurobema_taitianum    
     |                                                
     |  +-------------------- Fusconaia_subrotunda **    
     |  |                                             
     |  |                 +-- Fusconaia_cor **           
     +--+  +--------------+                           
        |  |              +-- Fusconaia_cuneolus **      
        |  |                                          
        |  |  +-------------- Fusconaia_ozarkensis **    
        +--+  |                                       
           |  |     +-------- Fusconaia_masoni **        
           |  |     |                                 
           |  |     |     +-- Fusconaia_burkei **        
           |  |  +--+-----+                           
           +--+  |  |     +-- Fusconaia_escambia **      
              |  |  |                                 
              |  |  |  +----- Fusconaia_cerina **        
              |  |  +--+                              
              |  |     |  +-- Fusconaia_askewi[1] **     
              |  |     +--+                           
              +--+        +-- Fusconaia_flava **         
                 |                                    
                 |        +-- Fusconaia_askewi[2] **     
                 |        |                           
                 |        +-- Fusconaia_askewi[3] **     
                 |        |                           
                 |        +-- Fusconaia_askewi[4] **     
                 +--------+                           
                          +-- Fusconaia_lananensis[1] ** 
                          |                           
                          +-- Fusconaia_lananensis[2] ** 
                          |                           
                          +-- Fusconaia_askewi[5] **     

Burlakova et al., 2012 [Publ 3486], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
13 13 11 13 31 25 7 43.0
                             +----- Plethobasus_cyphyus     
  +--------------------------+                              
  |                          |  +-- Elliptio_arca           
  |                          +--+                           
  |                             +-- Elliptio_crassidens     
  |                                                         
  |           +-------------------- Fusconaia_subrotunda **    
  |           |                                             
  |           |                 +-- Fusconaia_cor **           
  |  +--------+  +--------------+                           
  |  |        |  |              +-- Fusconaia_cuneolus **      
  |  |        |  |                                          
--+  |        +--+  +-------------- Fusconaia_ozarkensis **    
  |  |           |  |                                       
  |  |           |  |     +-------- Fusconaia_askewi[3] **     
  |  |           |  |  +--+                                 
  |  |           +--+  |  |  +----- Fusconaia_askewi[2] **     
  |  |              |  |  +--+                              
  |  |              |  |     |  +-- Fusconaia_lananensis **    
  |  |              |  |     +--+                           
  |  |              +--+        +-- Fusconaia_askewi[1] **     
  |  |                 |                                    
  |  |                 |        +-- Fusconaia_burkei **        
  |  |                 |  +-----+                           
  +--+                 |  |     +-- Fusconaia_escambia **      
     |                 +--+                                 
     |                    |  +----- Fusconaia_masoni **        
     |                    +--+                              
     |                       |  +-- Fusconaia_flava **         
     |                       +--+                           
     |                          +-- Fusconaia_cerina **        
     |                                                      
     |                          +-- Eurynia_dilatata        
     |  +-----------------------+                           
     |  |                       +-- Hemistena_lata          
     |  |                                                   
     |  |                    +----- Pleuronaia_gibber       
     |  |              +-----+                              
     |  |              |     |  +-- Pleuronaia_dolabelloides
     +--+              |     +--+                           
        |  +-----------+        +-- Pleuronaia_barnesiana   
        |  |           |                                    
        |  |           |  +-------- Pleurobema_riddellii    
        |  |           +--+                                 
        |  |              |  +----- Pleurobema_sintoxia     
        |  |              +--+                              
        +--+                 |  +-- Pleurobema_rubrum       
           |                 +--+                           
           |                    +-- Pleurobema_cordatum     
           |                                                
           |  +-------------------- Pleurobema_stabile      
           |  |                                             
           +--+  +----------------- Pleurobema_pyriforme    
              |  |                                          
              |  |           +----- Pleurobema_georgianum   
              +--+  +--------+                              
                 |  |        |  +-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum  
                 |  |        +--+                           
                 |  |           +-- Pleurobema_decisum      
                 +--+                                       
                    |           +-- Pleurobema_clava        
                    |  +--------+                           
                    |  |        +-- Pleurobema_oviforme     
                    +--+                                    
                       |  +-------- Pleurobema_beadleianum  
                       |  |                                 
                       +--+     +-- Pleurobema_rubellum     
                          |  +--+                           
                          |  |  +-- Pleurobema_strodeanum   
                          +--+                              
                             |  +-- Pleurobema_perovatum    
                             +--+                           
                                +-- Pleurobema_taitianum    

Burdick & White, 2007 [Publ 2679], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
12 12 7 12 26 24 6 42.0
                    +----- Pleurobema_sintoxia[1]
                    |                            
  +-----------------+  +-- Pleurobema_cordatum[2]
  |                 |  |                         
  |                 +--+-- Pleurobema_sintoxia[2]
  |                    |                         
--+                    +-- Pleurobema_rubrum     
  |                                              
  |  +-------------------- Pleurobema_cordatum[1]
  |  |                                           
  +--+  +----------------- Fusconaia_subrotunda **  
     |  |                                        
     |  |              +-- Fusconaia_cor **         
     +--+  +-----------+                         
        |  |           +-- Fusconaia_cuneolus **    
        |  |                                     
        +--+  +----------- Fusconaia_ozarkensis **  
           |  |                                  
           |  |        +-- Fusconaia_masoni **      
           +--+  +-----+                         
              |  |     +-- Fusconaia_flava[3] **    
              |  |                               
              +--+  +----- Fusconaia_flava[1] **    
                 |  |                            
                 |  +----- Fusconaia_cerina[4] **   
                 +--+                            
                    |  +-- Fusconaia_cerina[1] **   
                    |  |                         
                    |  +-- Fusconaia_cerina[2] **   
                    +--+                         
                       +-- Fusconaia_cerina[3] **   
                       |                         
                       +-- Fusconaia_flava[2] **    

Burlakova et al., 2012 [Publ 3486], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
12 12 6 12 28 28 7 45.0
  +-------------------------- Pleurobema_cordatum[2]  
  |                                                   
  |           +-------------- Fusconaia_subrotunda **    
  |           |                                       
  |           |           +-- Fusconaia_cor **           
  |           |  +--------+                           
  |  +--------+  |        +-- Fusconaia_cuneolus **      
  |  |        |  |                                    
  |  |        |  |  +-------- Fusconaia_flava[2] **      
  |  |        |  |  |                                 
--+  |        +--+  +-------- Fusconaia_ozarkensis **    
  |  |           |  |                                 
  |  |           |  +-------- Fusconaia_masoni **        
  |  |           |  |                                 
  |  |           |  |  +----- Fusconaia_askewi **        
  |  |           +--+--+                              
  |  |              |  |  +-- Fusconaia_burkei **        
  |  |              |  +--+                           
  |  |              |     +-- Fusconaia_escambia **      
  |  |              |                                 
  +--+              |     +-- Fusconaia_flava[1] **      
     |              |     |                           
     |              +-----+-- Fusconaia_cerina[1] **     
     |                    |                           
     |                    +-- Fusconaia_cerina[2] **     
     |                                                
     |              +-------- Pleurobema_stabile      
     |              |                                 
     |  +-----------+  +----- Pleurobema_riddellii    
     |  |           |  |                              
     |  |           +--+  +-- Pleurobema_cordatum[1]  
     |  |              |  |                           
     |  |              |  +-- Pleurobema_rubrum       
     |  |              +--+                           
     |  |                 +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia[1]  
     +--+                 |                           
        |                 +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia[2]  
        |                                             
        |              +----- Pleuronaia_barnesiana   
        |  +-----------+                              
        |  |           |  +-- Pleuronaia_dolabelloides
        |  |           +--+                           
        |  |              +-- Pleuronaia_gibber       
        +--+                                          
           |              +-- Pleurobema_georgianum   
           |  +-----------+                           
           |  |           +-- Pleurobema_pyriforme    
           |  |                                       
           +--+           +-- Pleurobema_decisum      
              |  +--------+                           
              |  |        +-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum  
              |  |                                    
              +--+        +-- Pleurobema_clava        
                 |  +-----+                           
                 |  |     +-- Pleurobema_oviforme     
                 |  |                                 
                 +--+  +----- Pleurobema_rubellum     
                    |  |                              
                    |  +----- Pleurobema_beadleianum  
                    +--+                              
                       +----- Pleurobema_strodeanum   
                       |                              
                       |  +-- Pleurobema_perovatum    
                       +--+                           
                          +-- Pleurobema_taitianum    

Smith et al., 2020 [Publ 4136], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
11 11 6 11 9 8 8 41.0
  +----------------- Parvaspina_steinstansana
  |                                          
  |              +-- Hemistena_lata          
  +--------------+                           
  |              +-- Eurynia_dilatata        
--+                                          
  |              +-- Pleuronaia_barnesiana   
  |  +-----------+                           
  |  |           +-- Pleurobema_clava        
  |  |                                       
  |  |  +----------- Fusconaia_subrotunda **    
  +--+  |                                    
     |  |        +-- Fusconaia_cor **           
     |  +--------+                           
     |  |        +-- Fusconaia_cuneolus **      
     +--+                                    
        |  +-------- Fusconaia_flava **         
        |  |                                 
        |  +-------- Fusconaia_masoni **        
        |  |                                 
        |  |     +-- Fusconaia_burkei **        
        +--+-----+                           
           |     +-- Fusconaia_escambia **      
           |                                 
           |     +-- Fusconaia_iheringi **      
           |  +--+                           
           |  |  +-- Fusconaia_mitchelli **     
           +--+                              
              |  +-- Fusconaia_askewi **        
              +--+                           
                 +-- Fusconaia_chunii **        

Smith et al., 2020 [Publ 4136], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
11 11 9 11 1 1 1 40.0
  +-------------- Pleurobema_clava    
  |                                   
  |        +----- Fusconaia_subrotunda **
  |  +-----+                          
--+  |     |  +-- Fusconaia_cor **       
  |  |     +--+                       
  |  |        +-- Fusconaia_cuneolus **  
  |  |                                
  |  |        +-- Fusconaia_iheringi **  
  +--+     +--+                       
     |     |  +-- Fusconaia_mitchelli ** 
     |  +--+                          
     |  |  |  +-- Fusconaia_askewi **    
     |  |  +--+                       
     |  |     +-- Fusconaia_chunii **    
     +--+                             
        |     +-- Fusconaia_flava **     
        |  +--+                       
        |  |  +-- Fusconaia_masoni **    
        +--+                          
           |  +-- Fusconaia_burkei **    
           +--+                       
              +-- Fusconaia_escambia **  

Campbell et al., 2005 [Publ 2660], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
10 10 5 10 107 29 8 45.0
                          +----- Plethobasus_cyphyus      
  +-----------------------+                               
  |                       |  +-- Elliptio_arca            
  |                       +--+                            
  |                          +-- Elliptio_crassidens      
  |                                                       
  |                          +-- Eurynia_dilatata         
  |  +-----------------------+                            
  |  |                       +-- Parvaspina_collina       
  |  |                                                    
  |  |                    +----- Pleuronaia_gibber        
  |  +--------------------+                               
  |  |                    |  +-- Pleuronaia_barnesiana    
--+  |                    +--+                            
  |  |                       +-- Pleuronaia_dolabelloides 
  |  |                                                    
  |  |              +----------- Fusconaia_subrotunda **     
  |  |              |                                     
  |  |              |        +-- Fusconaia_cor **            
  |  +--------------+  +-----+                            
  |  |              |  |     +-- Fusconaia_cuneolus **       
  |  |              |  |                                  
  |  |              |  |     +-- Fusconaia_cerina[1] **      
  |  |              +--+     |                            
  |  |                 |  +--+-- Fusconaia_cerina[2] **      
  +--+                 |  |  |                            
     |                 |  |  +-- Fusconaia_flava **          
     |                 +--+                               
     |                    |  +-- Fusconaia_burkei[1] **      
     |                    |  |                            
     |                    |  +-- Fusconaia_burkei[2] **      
     |                    +--+                            
     |                       +-- Fusconaia_burkei[3] **      
     |                       |                            
     |                       +-- Fusconaia_escambia **       
     |                                                    
     |                       +-- Pleurobema_rubrum[2]     
     |                    +--+                            
     |                    |  +-- Pleurobema_cordatum      
     |  +-----------------+                               
     |  |                 |  +-- Pleurobema_rubrum[1]     
     |  |                 +--+                            
     |  |                    +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia      
     +--+                                                 
        |  +-------------------- Pleurobema_pyriforme     
        |  |                                              
        |  |                 +-- Pleurobema_georgianum[2] 
        |  |                 |                            
        +--+  +--------------+-- Pleurobema_georgianum[3] 
           |  |              |                            
           |  |              +-- Pleurobema_athearni      
           |  |                                           
           |  |           +----- Pleurobema_decisum       
           +--+           |                               
              |  +--------+  +-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum[1]
              |  |        |  |                            
              |  |        +--+-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum[2]
              |  |           |                            
              |  |           +-- Pleurobema_georgianum[1] 
              +--+                                        
                 |           +-- Pleurobema_oviforme[1]   
                 |           |                            
                 |  +--------+-- Pleurobema_oviforme[2]   
                 |  |        |                            
                 +--+        +-- Pleurobema_clava         
                    |                                     
                    |  +-------- Pleurobema_strodeanum    
                    +--+                                  
                       |  +----- Pleurobema_rubellum      
                       +--+                               
                          |  +-- Pleurobema_perovatum     
                          +--+                            
                             +-- Pleurobema_taitianum     

Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3308], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
10 10 8 10 33 16 8 43.0
                       +----- Pleuronaia_gibber       
  +--------------------+                              
  |                    |  +-- Pleuronaia_barnesiana   
  |                    +--+                           
--+                       +-- Pleuronaia_dolabelloides
  |                                                   
  |  +----------------------- Parvaspina_collina      
  |  |                                                
  +--+  +-------------------- Fusconaia_subrotunda **    
     |  |                                             
     +--+                 +-- Fusconaia_cor **           
        |  +--------------+                           
        |  |              +-- Fusconaia_cuneolus **      
        +--+                                          
           |  +-------------- Fusconaia_ozarkensis **    
           |  |                                       
           +--+           +-- Fusconaia_burkei **        
              |  +--------+                           
              |  |        +-- Fusconaia_escambia **      
              +--+                                    
                 |  +-------- Fusconaia_masoni **        
                 +--+                                 
                    |  +----- Fusconaia_cerina[2] **     
                    +--+                              
                       |  +-- Fusconaia_flava **         
                       +--+                           
                          +-- Fusconaia_cerina[1] **     

Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3308], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
10 10 8 10 33 16 8 41.0
  +----------------------- Hemistena_lata          
  |                                                
  +----------------------- Plethobasus_cyphyus     
  |                                                
  |                    +-- Elliptio_arca           
  +--------------------+                           
  |                    +-- Elliptio_crassidens     
  |                                                
  |                    +-- Eurynia_dilatata        
  +--------------------+                           
  |                    +-- Parvaspina_collina      
--+                                                
  |                 +----- Pleuronaia_gibber       
  |  +--------------+                              
  |  |              |  +-- Pleuronaia_barnesiana   
  |  |              +--+                           
  |  |                 +-- Pleuronaia_dolabelloides
  |  |                                             
  |  |                 +-- Pleurobema_cordatum     
  |  |        +--------+                           
  |  |        |        +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia     
  |  +--------+                                    
  |  |        |  +-------- Pleurobema_stabile      
  +--+        +--+                                 
     |           |  +----- Pleurobema_pyriforme    
     |           +--+                              
     |              |  +-- Pleurobema_clava        
     |              +--+                           
     |                 +-- Pleurobema_decisum      
     |                                             
     |              +----- Fusconaia_subrotunda **    
     |  +-----------+                              
     |  |           |  +-- Fusconaia_cor **           
     |  |           +--+                           
     +--+              +-- Fusconaia_cuneolus **      
        |                                          
        |  +-------------- Fusconaia_ozarkensis **    
        |  |                                       
        +--+           +-- Fusconaia_burkei **        
           |  +--------+                           
           |  |        +-- Fusconaia_escambia **      
           +--+                                    
              |  +-------- Fusconaia_masoni **        
              +--+                                 
                 |  +----- Fusconaia_cerina[2] **     
                 +--+                              
                    |  +-- Fusconaia_flava **         
                    +--+                           
                       +-- Fusconaia_cerina[1] **     

Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3308], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
10 10 8 10 33 16 8 43.0
                    +-------- Parvaspina_collina      
  +-----------------+                                 
  |                 |  +----- Pleuronaia_gibber       
  |                 +--+                              
  |                    |  +-- Pleuronaia_barnesiana   
  |                    +--+                           
--+                       +-- Pleuronaia_dolabelloides
  |                                                   
  |                    +----- Plethobasus_cyphyus     
  |  +-----------------+                              
  |  |                 |  +-- Elliptio_arca           
  |  |                 +--+                           
  +--+                    +-- Elliptio_crassidens     
     |                                                
     |  +-------------------- Fusconaia_subrotunda **    
     |  |                                             
     +--+                 +-- Fusconaia_cor **           
        |  +--------------+                           
        |  |              +-- Fusconaia_cuneolus **      
        +--+                                          
           |  +-------------- Fusconaia_ozarkensis **    
           |  |                                       
           +--+           +-- Fusconaia_burkei **        
              |  +--------+                           
              |  |        +-- Fusconaia_escambia **      
              +--+                                    
                 |  +-------- Fusconaia_masoni **        
                 +--+                                 
                    |  +----- Fusconaia_cerina[2] **     
                    +--+                              
                       |  +-- Fusconaia_flava **         
                       +--+                           
                          +-- Fusconaia_cerina[1] **     

Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3309], fig. 1-2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
9 9 7 9 65 33 8 43.0
                    +-------- Pleurobema_riddellii    
  +-----------------+                                 
  |                 |  +----- Pleurobema_cordatum     
  |                 +--+                              
  |                    |  +-- Pleurobema_rubrum       
  |                    +--+                           
  |                       +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia     
  |                                                   
  |        +----------------- Fusconaia_subrotunda **    
  |        |                                          
--+  +-----+              +-- Fusconaia_cor **           
  |  |     |  +-----------+                           
  |  |     |  |           +-- Fusconaia_cuneolus **      
  |  |     +--+                                       
  |  |        |  +----------- Fusconaia_ozarkensis **    
  |  |        |  |                                    
  |  |        +--+        +-- Fusconaia_escambia **      
  |  |           |  +-----+                           
  |  |           |  |     +-- Fusconaia_burkei **        
  |  |           +--+                                 
  +--+              |  +----- Fusconaia_masoni **        
     |              +--+                              
     |                 |  +-- Fusconaia_flava **         
     |                 +--+                           
     |                    +-- Fusconaia_cerina **        
     |                                                
     |                 +----- Pleuronaia_gibber       
     |  +--------------+                              
     |  |              |  +-- Pleuronaia_barnesiana   
     |  |              +--+                           
     |  |                 +-- Pleuronaia_dolabelloides
     +--+                                             
        |                 +-- Eurynia_dilatata        
        |  +--------------+                           
        |  |              +-- Parvaspina_collina      
        |  |                                          
        +--+              +-- Hemistena_lata          
           |  +-----------+                           
           |  |           +-- Plethobasus_cyphyus     
           |  |                                       
           +--+  +----------- Elliptio_shepardiana    
              |  |                                    
              |  |  +-------- Elliptio_complanata     
              +--+  |                                 
                 |  |  +----- Elliptio_purpurella     
                 |  +--+                              
                 |  |  |  +-- Elliptio_arca           
                 +--+  +--+                           
                    |     +-- Elliptio_arctata        
                    |                                 
                    |     +-- Elliptio_mcmichaeli     
                    |     |                           
                    +-----+-- Elliptio_pullata        
                          |                           
                          +-- Elliptio_crassidens     

Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3309], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
9 9 7 9 65 33 8 43.0
                       +----- Pleuronaia_gibber       
  +--------------------+                              
  |                    |  +-- Pleuronaia_barnesiana   
  |                    +--+                           
  |                       +-- Pleuronaia_dolabelloides
  |                                                   
  |           +-------------- Fusconaia_ozarkensis **    
  |           |                                       
  |           |        +----- Fusconaia_subrotunda **    
  |  +--------+  +-----+                              
--+  |        |  |     |  +-- Fusconaia_cor **           
  |  |        |  |     +--+                           
  |  |        |  |        +-- Fusconaia_cuneolus **      
  |  |        +--+                                    
  |  |           |        +-- Fusconaia_escambia **      
  |  |           |  +-----+                           
  |  |           |  |     +-- Fusconaia_burkei **        
  |  |           +--+                                 
  |  |              |  +----- Fusconaia_masoni **        
  +--+              +--+                              
     |                 |  +-- Fusconaia_cerina **        
     |                 +--+                           
     |                    +-- Fusconaia_flava **         
     |                                                
     |              +-------- Pleurobema_riddellii    
     |  +-----------+                                 
     |  |           |  +----- Pleurobema_cordatum     
     |  |           +--+                              
     |  |              |  +-- Pleurobema_rubrum       
     |  |              +--+                           
     +--+                 +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia     
        |                                             
        |  +----------------- Pleurobema_stabile      
        |  |                                          
        |  |     +----------- Pleurobema_strodeanum   
        |  |  +--+                                    
        +--+  |  |  +-------- Pleurobema_rubellum     
           |  |  +--+                                 
           |  |     |  +----- Pleurobema_beadleianum  
           |  |     +--+                              
           |  |        |  +-- Pleurobema_perovatum    
           +--+        +--+                           
              |           +-- Pleurobema_taitianum    
              |                                       
              |           +-- Pleurobema_clava        
              |  +--------+                           
              |  |        +-- Pleurobema_oviforme     
              +--+                                    
                 |  +-------- Pleurobema_pyriforme    
                 |  |                                 
                 +--+     +-- Pleurobema_athearni     
                    |  +--+                           
                    |  |  +-- Pleurobema_georgianum   
                    +--+                              
                       |  +-- Pleurobema_decisum      
                       +--+                           
                          +-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum  

Campbell et al., 2005 [Publ 2660], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
8 8 6 8 107 28 8 46.0
  +-------------------------- Eurynia_dilatata         
  |                                                    
  +-------------------------- Hemistena_lata           
  |                                                    
  |                       +-- Pleurobema_rubrum[1]     
  |                    +--+                            
  |                    |  +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia      
  |  +-----------------+                               
  |  |                 |  +-- Pleurobema_rubrum[2]     
  |  |                 +--+                            
--+  |                    +-- Pleurobema_cordatum      
  |  |                                                 
  |  |        +-------------- Fusconaia_subrotunda **     
  |  |        |                                        
  |  |        |           +-- Fusconaia_cor **            
  |  +--------+  +--------+                            
  |  |        |  |        +-- Fusconaia_cuneolus **       
  |  |        |  |                                     
  |  |        +--+        +-- Fusconaia_cerina **         
  |  |           |  +-----+                            
  |  |           |  |     +-- Fusconaia_flava **          
  +--+           +--+                                  
     |              |  +----- Fusconaia_burkei[2] **      
     |              +--+                               
     |                 |  +-- Fusconaia_escambia **       
     |                 +--+                            
     |                    +-- Fusconaia_burkei[1] **      
     |                                                 
     |                 +----- Pleuronaia_gibber        
     |  +--------------+                               
     |  |              |  +-- Pleuronaia_barnesiana    
     |  |              +--+                            
     |  |                 +-- Pleuronaia_dolabelloides 
     |  |                                              
     |  |           +-------- Pleurobema_rubellum      
     +--+  +--------+                                  
        |  |        |  +----- Pleurobema_strodeanum    
        |  |        +--+                               
        |  |           |  +-- Pleurobema_perovatum     
        |  |           +--+                            
        |  |              +-- Pleurobema_taitianum     
        +--+                                           
           |              +-- Pleurobema_oviforme[1]   
           |              |                            
           |  +-----------+-- Pleurobema_oviforme[2]   
           |  |           |                            
           |  |           +-- Pleurobema_clava         
           +--+                                        
              |  +----------- Pleurobema_pyriforme     
              |  |                                     
              +--+        +-- Pleurobema_athearni      
                 |  +-----+                            
                 |  |     +-- Pleurobema_georgianum[2] 
                 +--+                                  
                    |  +----- Pleurobema_decisum       
                    |  |                               
                    +--+  +-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum[1]
                       |  |                            
                       +--+-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum[2]
                          |                            
                          +-- Pleurobema_georgianum[1] 

Pfeiffer et al., 2016 [Publ 3660], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
8 8 6 8 31 14 8 46.0
  +-------------------- Parvaspina_collina      
  |                                             
  +-------------------- Plethobasus_cyphyus     
  |                                             
  |                 +-- Hemistena_lata          
  +-----------------+                           
  |                 +-- Eurynia_dilatata        
  |                                             
  |              +----- Pleurobema_riddellii    
--+           +--+                              
  |           |  |  +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia     
  |           |  +--+                           
  |  +--------+     +-- Pleurobema_cordatum     
  |  |        |                                 
  |  |        |  +----- Pleuronaia_dolabelloides
  |  |        |  |                              
  |  |        +--+  +-- Pleurobema_pyriforme    
  |  |           |  |                           
  +--+           +--+-- Pleurobema_strodeanum   
     |              |                           
     |              +-- Pleurobema_clava        
     |                                          
     |  +-------------- Fusconaia_askewi **        
     |  |                                       
     |  |           +-- Fusconaia_mitchelli **     
     +--+  +--------+                           
        |  |        +-- Fusconaia_iheringi **      
        |  |                                    
        +--+        +-- Fusconaia_escambia **      
           |  +-----+                           
           |  |     +-- Fusconaia_burkei **        
           +--+                                 
              |  +----- Fusconaia_flava[2] **      
              +--+                              
                 |  +-- Fusconaia_cerina **        
                 +--+                           
                    +-- Fusconaia_flava[1] **      

Lydeard et al., 2000 [Publ 2654], fig. 2a

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
5 5 3 5 12 1 1 47.0
  +-------------- Pleurobema_decisum 
--+                                  
  |  +----------- Fusconaia_flava **    
  +--+                               
     |  +-------- Fusconaia_burkei[1] **
     +--+                            
        |  +----- Fusconaia_burkei[2] **
        +--+                         
           |  +-- Fusconaia_burkei[3] **
           +--+                      
              +-- Fusconaia_escambia ** 

Lydeard et al., 2000 [Publ 2654], fig. 2b

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
5 5 3 5 12 1 1 47.0
  +-------------- Pleurobema_decisum 
--+                                  
  |  +----------- Fusconaia_flava **    
  +--+                               
     |  +-------- Fusconaia_burkei[1] **
     +--+                            
        |  +----- Fusconaia_burkei[2] **
        +--+                         
           |  +-- Fusconaia_burkei[3] **
           +--+                      
              +-- Fusconaia_escambia ** 

Lydeard et al., 2000 [Publ 2654], fig. 2c

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
5 5 1 5 11 1 1 47.0
  +-------- Pleurobema_decisum 
  |                            
--+  +----- Fusconaia_flava **    
  |  |                         
  +--+  +-- Fusconaia_burkei[1] **
     |  |                      
     |  +-- Fusconaia_burkei[2] **
     +--+                      
        +-- Fusconaia_burkei[3] **
        |                      
        +-- Fusconaia_escambia ** 

Lydeard et al., 2000 [Publ 2654], fig. 2d

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
5 5 3 5 11 1 1 47.0
  +-------------- Pleurobema_decisum 
--+                                  
  |  +----------- Fusconaia_flava **    
  +--+                               
     |  +-------- Fusconaia_burkei[1] **
     +--+                            
        |  +----- Fusconaia_burkei[2] **
        +--+                         
           |  +-- Fusconaia_burkei[3] **
           +--+                      
              +-- Fusconaia_escambia ** 

Perkins et al., 2017 [Publ 3777], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 4 33 31 6 46.0
                                +----- Pleuronaia_gibber       
  +-----------------------------+                              
  |                             |  +-- Pleuronaia_barnesiana   
  |                             +--+                           
  |                                +-- Pleuronaia_dolabelloides
  |                                                            
  |                                +-- Fusconaia_masoni **        
--+                             +--+                           
  |                             |  +-- Fusconaia_flava **         
  |  +--------------------------+                              
  |  |                          |  +-- Fusconaia_subrotunda **    
  |  |                          +--+                           
  |  |                             +-- Fusconaia_cor **           
  +--+                                                         
     |                             +-- Parvaspina_collina      
     |  +--------------------------+                           
     |  |                          +-- Parvaspina_steinstansana
     |  |                                                      
     +--+                          +-- Eurynia_dilatata        
        |  +-----------------------+                           
        |  |                       +-- Hemistena_lata          
        +--+                                                   
           |  +----------------------- Elliptio_producta[2]    
           |  |                                                
           +--+  +-------------------- Elliptio_producta[1]    
              |  |                                             
              +--+  +----------------- Elliptio_spinosa        
                 |  |                                          
                 |  |  +-------------- Elliptio_icterina       
                 +--+  |                                       
                    |  |     +-------- Elliptio_roanokensis    
                    |  |  +--+                                 
                    +--+  |  |  +----- Elliptio_complanata     
                       |  |  +--+                              
                       |  |     |  +-- Elliptio_crassidens     
                       |  |     +--+                           
                       +--+        +-- Elliptio_pullata        
                          |                                    
                          |        +-- Elliptio_congaraea      
                          |  +-----+                           
                          |  |     +-- Elliptio_hopetonensis   
                          |  |                                 
                          +--+     +-- Elliptio_folliculata    
                             |  +--+                           
                             |  |  +-- Elliptio_jayensis       
                             +--+                              
                                |  +-- Elliptio_arca           
                                +--+                           
                                   +-- Elliptio_arctata        

Perkins et al., 2017 [Publ 3777], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 5 1 3 25 23 6 49.0
  +----------- Pleurobema_oviforme     
  |                                    
  +----------- Pleurobema_clava        
  |                                    
  +----------- Pleurobema_pyriforme    
  |                                    
  +----------- Pleurobema_georgianum   
  |                                    
  +----------- Pleurobema_beadleianum  
  |                                    
  +----------- Pleurobema_hanleyianum  
--+                                    
  +----------- Pleurobema_decisum      
  |                                    
  |     +----- Pleurobema_rubellum     
  +-----+                              
  |     |  +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia     
  |     +--+                           
  |        +-- Pleurobema_rubrum       
  |                                    
  |  +-------- Elliptio_spinosa        
  |  |                                 
  +--+  +----- Fusconaia_escambia **      
     |  |                              
     |  +----- Fusconaia_flava **         
     +--+                              
        +----- Fusconaia_cerina **        
        |                              
        |  +-- Pleuronaia_gibber       
        +--+                           
           +-- Pleuronaia_dolabelloides

Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 3836], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 3 1 3 50 3 3 48.0
  +----------- Pleurobema_sintoxia
  |                               
--+        +-- Elliptio_complanata
  |  +-----+                      
  |  |     +-- Eurynia_dilatata   
  +--+                            
     |  +----- Fusconaia_askewi **   
     +--+                         
        |  +-- Fusconaia_cerina **   
        +--+                      
           +-- Fusconaia_burkei **   

Serb et al., 2003 [Publ 2659], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 27 3 3 --
  +-------- Hemistena_lata     
--+                            
  |  +----- Elliptio_complanata
  +--+                         
     |  +-- Fusconaia_burkei **   
     +--+                      
        +-- Fusconaia_flava **    

Serb et al., 2003 [Publ 2659], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 27 3 3 --
  +-------- Hemistena_lata     
--+                            
  |  +----- Elliptio_complanata
  +--+                         
     |  +-- Fusconaia_burkei **   
     +--+                      
        +-- Fusconaia_flava **    

Campbell et al., 2008 [Publ 2675], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 26 24 7 --
              +-- Pleurobema_cordatum
              |                      
  +-----------+-- Pleurobema_rubrum  
  |           |                      
  |           +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia
  |                                  
--+           +-- Fusconaia_cerina **   
  |  +--------+                      
  |  |        +-- Fusconaia_flava **    
  |  |                               
  +--+  +-------- Pleuronaia_gibber  
     |  |                            
     |  |  +----- Eurynia_dilatata   
     +--+  |                         
        |  +----- Hemistena_lata     
        |  |                         
        +--+----- Plethobasus_cyphyus
           |                         
           +----- Parvaspina_collina 
           |                         
           |  +-- Elliptio_arca      
           +--+                      
              +-- Elliptio_crassidens

Campbell et al., 2008 [Publ 2675], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 27 0 2 27 24 7 47.0
  +-------------------- Cyrtonaias_tampicoensis  
  |                                              
  +-------------------- Eurynia_dilatata         
  |                                              
  +-------------------- Fusconaia_cerina **         
  |                                              
  +-------------------- Fusconaia_flava **          
  |                                              
  +-------------------- Hemistena_lata           
  |                                              
  +-------------------- Plethobasus_cyphyus      
  |                                              
  +-------------------- Parvaspina_collina       
  |                                              
  +-------------------- Pleurobema_cordatum      
  |                                              
  +-------------------- Pleuronaia_gibber        
--+                                              
  +-------------------- Pleurobema_oviforme[2]   
  |                                              
  +-------------------- Pleurobema_stabile       
  |                                              
  |              +----- Elliptio_arca            
  +--------------+                               
  |              |  +-- Elliptio_crassidens      
  |              +--+                            
  |                 +-- Elliptio_arctata         
  |                                              
  |  +----------------- Pleurobema_decisum       
  |  |                                           
  |  +----------------- Pleurobema_clava         
  |  |                                           
  |  +----------------- Pleurobema_oviforme[1]   
  |  |                                           
  +--+              +-- Pleurobema_rubrum        
     +--------------+                            
     |              +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia      
     |                                           
     |  +-------------- Pleurobema_beadleianum   
     |  |                                        
     +--+  +----------- Pleurobema_pyriforme     
        |  |                                     
        +--+  +-------- Pleurobema_rubellum      
           |  |                                  
           |  +-------- Pleurobema_hanleyianum[2]
           +--+                                  
              +-------- Pleurobema_georgianum[2] 
              |                                  
              |  +----- Pleurobema_hanleyianum[1]
              +--+                               
                 |  +-- Pleurobema_georgianum[1] 
                 +--+                            
                    +-- Pleurobema_athearni      

Campbell et al., 2008 [Publ 2675], fig. 5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 26 0 2 28 25 7 46.0
           +-- Elliptio_arctata         
  +--------+                            
  |        +-- Elliptio_crassidens      
  |                                     
  |  +-------- Pleurobema_decisum       
  |  |                                  
  |  +-------- Pleurobema_rubellum      
  |  |                                  
  |  +-------- Pleurobema_georgianum[2] 
  |  |                                  
  |  +-------- Pleurobema_stabile       
  |  |                                  
  |  +-------- Pleurobema_pyriforme     
  |  |                                  
--+  +-------- Pleurobema_oviforme[2]   
  |  |                                  
  |  +-------- Pleurobema_hanleyianum[2]
  |  |                                  
  |  +-------- Pleuronaia_gibber        
  |  |                                  
  |  +-------- Pleurobema_georgianum[3] 
  |  |                                  
  |  +-------- Pleurobema_cordatum      
  |  |                                  
  |  +-------- Pleurobema_beadleianum   
  |  |                                  
  |  +-------- Hemistena_lata           
  +--+                                  
     +-------- Fusconaia_flava **          
     |                                  
     +-------- Fusconaia_cerina **         
     |                                  
     +-------- Eurynia_dilatata         
     |                                  
     +-------- Elliptio_arca            
     |                                  
     +-------- Cyrtonaias_tampicoensis  
     |                                  
     |     +-- Plethobasus_cyphyus      
     +-----+                            
     |     +-- Parvaspina_collina       
     |                                  
     |     +-- Pleurobema_athearni      
     |     |                            
     +-----+-- Pleurobema_georgianum[1] 
     |     |                            
     |     +-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum[1]
     |                                  
     |  +----- Pleurobema_oviforme[1]   
     |  |                               
     +--+----- Pleurobema_clava         
        |                               
        |  +-- Pleurobema_rubrum        
        +--+                            
           +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia      

Campbell et al., 2008 [Publ 2675], fig. 6

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 27 25 7 --
                             +----- Plethobasus_cyphyus     
  +--------------------------+                              
  |                          |  +-- Elliptio_arca           
  |                          +--+                           
  |                             +-- Elliptio_crassidens     
  |                                                         
--+                             +-- Fusconaia_cerina **        
  |  +--------------------------+                           
  |  |                          +-- Fusconaia_flava **         
  |  |                                                      
  |  |                          +-- Eurynia_dilatata        
  +--+  +-----------------------+                           
     |  |                       +-- Pleuronaia_gibber       
     |  |                                                   
     |  |                       +-- Pleurobema_cordatum     
     +--+                    +--+                           
        |                    |  +-- Pleurobema_rubrum[1]    
        |  +-----------------+                              
        |  |                 |  +-- Pleurobema_rubrum[2]    
        |  |                 +--+                           
        +--+                    +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia     
           |                                                
           |  +-------------------- Pleurobema_stabile      
           |  |                                             
           +--+  +----------------- Pleurobema_pyriforme    
              |  |                                          
              |  |           +----- Pleurobema_decisum      
              +--+  +--------+                              
                 |  |        |  +-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum  
                 |  |        +--+                           
                 |  |           +-- Pleurobema_georgianum[2]
                 +--+                                       
                    |           +-- Pleurobema_georgianum[1]
                    |  +--------+                           
                    |  |        +-- Pleurobema_athearni     
                    |  |                                    
                    +--+        +-- Pleurobema_oviforme     
                       |  +-----+                           
                       |  |     +-- Pleurobema_clava        
                       |  |                                 
                       +--+  +----- Pleurobema_beadleianum  
                          |  |                              
                          |  +----- Pleurobema_rubellum     
                          +--+                              
                             +----- Pleurobema_strodeanum   
                             |                              
                             |  +-- Pleurobema_perovatum    
                             +--+                           
                                +-- Pleurobema_taitianum    

Inoue et al., 2020 [Publ 3941], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 42 6 5 --
        +-- Pleurobema_clava        
  +-----+                           
  |     +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia     
--+                                 
  |  +----- Pleuronaia_dolabelloides
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Fusconaia_flava **         
     +--+                           
        +-- Fusconaia_subrotunda **    

Inoue et al., 2020 [Publ 3941], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 41 6 5 --
        +-- Pleurobema_clava        
  +-----+                           
  |     +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia     
--+                                 
  |  +----- Pleuronaia_dolabelloides
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Fusconaia_flava **         
     +--+                           
        +-- Fusconaia_subrotunda **    

Graf & Cummings, 2006 [Publ 1968], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 46 2 2 --
  +----- Eurynia_dilatata   
--+                         
  |  +-- Fusconaia_flava **    
  +--+                      
     +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia

Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2648], fig. 2A

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 29 2 2 --
  +----- Eurynia_dilatata   
--+                         
  |  +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia
  +--+                      
     +-- Fusconaia_flava **    

Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2648], fig. 2B

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 29 2 2 --
  +----- Eurynia_dilatata   
--+                         
  |  +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia
  +--+                      
     +-- Fusconaia_flava **    

Bogan & Hoeh, 2000 [Publ 2650], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 33 2 2 --
  +-- Eurynia_dilatata
  |                   
--+-- Pleurobema_clava
  |                   
  +-- Fusconaia_flava ** 

Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14.2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 30 2 2 --
-- Fusconaia_flava

Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14.4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 30 2 2 --
  +----- Eurynia_dilatata
--+                      
  |  +-- Fusconaia_flava ** 
  +--+                   
     +-- Pleurobema_clava

Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2653], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 30 2 2 --
  +----- Eurynia_dilatata
--+                      
  |  +-- Pleurobema_clava
  +--+                   
     +-- Fusconaia_flava ** 

Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4.2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 30 2 2 --
-- Fusconaia_flava

Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4.3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 30 2 2 --
  +----- Eurynia_dilatata
--+                      
  |  +-- Fusconaia_flava ** 
  +--+                   
     +-- Pleurobema_clava

Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 14 0 0 --
-- Fusconaia_flava

Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 14 0 0 --
-- Fusconaia_flava

Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 14 0 0 --
-- Fusconaia_flava

Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 6

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 37 0 0 --
-- Fusconaia_flava

Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 6-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 14 0 0 --
-- Fusconaia_flava

Chapman et al., 2008 [Publ 2667], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 20 1 1 --
  +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia
--+                      
  +-- Fusconaia_flava **    

Manendo et al., 2008 [Publ 2669], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 12 1 1 --
  +-- Pleuronaia_dolabelloides
--+                           
  +-- Fusconaia_flava **         

Zanatta & Murphy, 2006 [Publ 2672], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 55 3 3 --
  +-- Pleurobema_clava        
  |                           
  +-- Eurynia_dilatata        
--+                           
  +-- Pleuronaia_dolabelloides
  |                           
  +-- Fusconaia_flava **         

Zanatta & Murphy, 2006 [Publ 2672], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 56 4 4 --
  +-------- Pleuronaia_dolabelloides
  |                                 
--+-------- Pleurobema_clava        
  |                                 
  |  +----- Fusconaia_flava **         
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Hemistena_lata          
     +--+                           
        +-- Eurynia_dilatata        

Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2673], fig. 1-F

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 8 0 0 --
-- Fusconaia_flava

Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2673], fig. 1-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 8 0 0 --
-- Fusconaia_flava

Krebs et al., 2003 [Publ 2691], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 33 3 3 --
  +-- Fusconaia_flava ** 
--+                   
  +-- Eurynia_dilatata

Krebs, 2004 [Publ 2692], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 4 0 0 --
-- Fusconaia_flava

Krebs, 2004 [Publ 2692], fig. 2-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 3 0 0 --
-- Fusconaia_flava

Roe & Lydeard, 1998 [Publ 2693], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 10 0 0 --
-- Fusconaia_cerina

Hoeh et al., 1996 [Publ 2694], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 4 0 0 --
-- Fusconaia_flava

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 46 2 2 --
  +----- Eurynia_dilatata   
--+                         
  |  +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia
  +--+                      
     +-- Fusconaia_flava **    

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 45 2 2 --
  +-- Eurynia_dilatata   
  |                      
--+-- Pleurobema_sintoxia
  |                      
  +-- Fusconaia_flava **    

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 45 2 2 --
  +----- Eurynia_dilatata   
--+                         
  |  +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia
  +--+                      
     +-- Fusconaia_flava **    

Boyer et al., 2011 [Publ 2718], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 34 3 3 --
     +-- Fusconaia_flava **    
  +--+                      
  |  +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia
--+                         
  |  +-- Eurynia_dilatata   
  +--+                      
     +-- Elliptio_crassidens

Boyer et al., 2011 [Publ 2718], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 37 3 3 --
  +----- Elliptio_crassidens
--+                         
  |  +-- Fusconaia_flava **    
  +--+                      
     +-- Eurynia_dilatata   

Rosenberg et al., 1994 [Publ 2719], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 18 2 2 --
-- Fusconaia_cerina

Rosenberg et al., 1997 [Publ 2720], fig. 2A

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 22 2 2 --
-- Fusconaia_cerina

Rosenberg et al., 1997 [Publ 2720], fig. 2B

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 22 1 1 --
-- Fusconaia_cerina

Chapman et al., 2008 [Publ 2744], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 20 1 1 --
  +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia
--+                      
  +-- Fusconaia_flava **    

Breton et al., 2011 [Publ 3376], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 38 0 0 --
-- Fusconaia_flava

Kandl et al., 2001 [Publ 3384], fig. 5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 13 11 2 --
  +----------------- Elliptio_crassidens    
  |                                         
--+  +-------------- Fusconaia_flava **        
  |  |                                      
  +--+  +----------- Pleurobema_sintoxia    
     |  |                                   
     |  |        +-- Pleurobema_clava       
     +--+  +-----+                          
        |  |     +-- Pleurobema_strodeanum  
        |  |                                
        +--+  +----- Pleurobema_pyriforme[6]
           |  |                             
           |  |  +-- Pleurobema_pyriforme[1]
           +--+  |                          
              |  +-- Pleurobema             
              |  |                          
              |  +-- Pleurobema_pyriforme[2]
              +--+                          
                 +-- Pleurobema_pyriforme[3]
                 |                          
                 +-- Pleurobema_pyriforme[4]
                 |                          
                 +-- Pleurobema_pyriforme[5]

Soroka, 2008 [Publ 3695], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 3 0 0 --
-- Fusconaia_flava

Soroka, 2008 [Publ 3695], fig. 1-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 3 0 0 --
-- Fusconaia_flava

Hewitt et al., 2018 [Publ 3758], fig. 5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 8 1 1 --
  +-- Fusconaia_flava **    
--+                      
  +-- Pleurobema_rubellum

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 17 0 0 --
-- Fusconaia_flava

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 2-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 9 0 0 --
-- Fusconaia_flava

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 203 4 4 --
     +-- Elliptio_complanata
  +--+                      
  |  +-- Eurynia_dilatata   
--+                         
  |  +-- Fusconaia_flava **    
  +--+                      
     +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 200 4 4 --
     +-- Elliptio_complanata
  +--+                      
  |  +-- Eurynia_dilatata   
--+                         
  |  +-- Fusconaia_flava **    
  +--+                      
     +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 201 4 4 --
  +----- Eurynia_dilatata   
--+                         
  |  +-- Fusconaia_flava **    
  +--+                      
     +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3847], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 38 0 0 --
-- Fusconaia_flava

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3866], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 38 5 4 --
  +----- Pleurobema_riddellii 
--+                           
  |  +-- Fusconaia_flava **      
  +--+                        
     +-- Pleurobema_strodeanum

Keogh & Simons, 2019 [Publ 3935], fig. S1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 9 0 0 --
-- Fusconaia_mitchelli

Hewitt et al., 2019 [Publ 3962], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 15 0 0 --
-- Fusconaia_flava

Johnson et al., 2023 [Publ 4323], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 3 3 1 --
  +-------- Fusconaia_cerina **      
--+                               
  |  +----- Pleurobema_riddellii  
  +--+                            
     |  +-- Pleurobema_beadleianum
     +--+                         
        +-- Pleurobema_clava      

Page updated: 07:03:38 Thu 04 Apr 2024

 
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