MUSSELpdb | valid sp. Elliptio congaraea synonymy

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Page last updated
Thu 04 Apr 2024

The Freshwater Mussels (Unionoida) of the World (and other less consequential bivalves)

FM(U)otW(aolcb) is the web version of the MUSSEL Project Database. Follow the links to browse the data or use the custom Google search field. Either way, you win!

The nominal species (available and otherwise) in this synonymy are listed by usage rather than strictly by publication date. The primary sorting order is by the most recent year (since 1969) that the species name was treated as valid, and then nominal species are sorted secondarily by publication year.

The taxonomic history of the valid species (since 1900) is listed at the bottom of the page.

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species Elliptio congaraea (Lea, 1831): nominal species
15 specimens available.

Unio congaraeus Lea, 1831
Lea, 1831, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 4 [O. 1]: 72 [82], pl. 6, fig. 4 [as ‘congaræus’].
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_85693, Congaree R., Columbia, S.C.

Unio congaraeus — Lea (1831)
Unio congareus — Ravenel (1834)
Unio congaræus — Jay (1835), Ferussac (1835), Conrad (1836), Hanley (1843), Conrad (1853), Sowerby (1867), B.H. Wright (1888)
Margarita (Unio) congaraeus — Lea (1836)
Margarita (Unio) congaræus — Lea (1838)
Margaron (Unio) congaræus — Lea (1852), Lea (1870)
Unio (Niäa) congaraeus — Adams & Adams (1857)
Unio (sec. Elliptio) congaraeus — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914)
Elliptio (s.s.) congaraeus — Frierson (1927), Haas (1969), Burch (1975)
Elliptio (s.s.) congaraea — R.I. Johnson (1970)
Elliptio congaraea — Davis (1984), Turgeon et al. (1988), Williams et al. (1993), IUCN (1996), ..., Graf & Cummings (2021), FMCS (2021), Bieler (2021), Hopper et al. (2023)
Elliptio congarea — Haag (2012)

Unio waccamawensis Lea, 1863
Lea, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 15: 193.
Lea, 1866, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 6 [O. 11]: 16 [20], pl. 5, fig. 14.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_84437, Waccamaw Lake, N. Carolina.

Unio waccamawensis — Lea (1863), Lea (1866), B.H. Wright (1888)
Margaron (Unio) waccamawensis — Lea (1870)
Unio (sec. Elliptio) waccamawensis — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914)
Elliptio (s.s.) waccamawensis — Frierson (1927), Haas (1969), R.I. Johnson (1970), Burch (1975)
Elliptio waccamawensis — Davis et al. (1981), Davis & Fuller (1981), Davis (1984), Turgeon et al. (1988), ..., Haag (2012), ITIS (2012), Inoue et al. (2018), Hauck et al. (2023)
Elliptio congaraea — Williams et al. (2017), Graf & Cummings (2021)

Unio lecontianus Lea, 1838
Lea, 1836, Synopsis Fam. Naiades: 23. [nomen nudum]
Lea, 1838, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 6 [O. 2]: 40, pl. 12, fig. 35.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_84852, Canoochie R., Liberty Co., Ga.

Unio lecontianus — Lea (1838), Hanley (1843), Conrad (1853), Sowerby (1866), B.H. Wright (1888)
Margarita (Unio) lecontianus — Lea (1836), Lea (1838)
Margaron (Unio) lecontianus — Lea (1852), Lea (1870)
Unio (Hyridella) lecontianus — Adams & Adams (1857)
Unio (sec. Elliptio) lecontianus — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914)
Elliptio (s.s.) lecontianus — Frierson (1927), Haas (1969)
Elliptio (s.s.) congaraea — R.I. Johnson (1970)
Elliptio (s.s.) congaraeus — Burch (1975)

Unio pusillus Lea, 1840
Lea, 1840, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 1: 286.
Lea, 1842, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 8 [O. 3]: 220 [58], pl. 18, fig. 36.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_85241, Ogeechee R., Georgia.

Unio pusillus — Lea (1840), Conrad (1853), B.H. Wright (1888)
Margaron (Unio) pusillus — Lea (1852), Lea (1870)
Unio (Hyridella) pusillus — Adams & Adams (1857)
Unio pussilus — Küster (1861)
Unio (sec. Elliptio) pusillus — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914)
Elliptio pusillus — Ortmann & Walker (1922)
Elliptio (s.s.) pusillus — Frierson (1927), Haas (1969)
Elliptio (s.s.) congaraea — R.I. Johnson (1970)
Elliptio (s.s.) congaraeus — Burch (1975)

Unio forbesianus Lea, 1852
Lea, 1852, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 5: 251. [nomen nudum]
Lea, 1852, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 10 [O. 5]: 264 [20], pl. 16, fig. 17.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_84542, Savannah R., Ga.

Unio forbesianus — Lea (1852), Conrad (1853), Küster (1861), Sowerby (1868), B.H. Wright (1888)
Margaron (Unio) forbesianus — Lea (1852), Lea (1870)
Unio (Lampsilis) forbesianus — Adams & Adams (1857)
Unio (sec. Elliptio) forbesianus — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914)
Elliptio (s.s.) forbesianus — Frierson (1927), Haas (1969)
Elliptio (s.s.) congaraea — R.I. Johnson (1970)
Elliptio (s.s.) congaraeus — Burch (1975)

Unio dorsatus Lea, 1868
Lea, 1868, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 20: 160.
Lea, 1868, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 6 [O. 12]: 300 [60], pl. 45, fig. 112.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_84494, Catawba R., N.C.

Unio dorsatus — Lea (1868), B.H. Wright (1888)
Margaron (Unio) dorsatus — Lea (1870)
Unio (sec. Elliptio) dorsatus — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914)
Elliptio (s.s.) dorsatus — Frierson (1927), Haas (1969)
Elliptio (s.s.) congaraea — R.I. Johnson (1970)
Elliptio (s.s.) congaraeus — Burch (1975)

Unio congareus Ravenel, 1834
‘Lea’ of Authors.
Ravenel, 1834, Cat. Rec. Shells: 6.
de Gregorio, 1914, Il Nat. Siciliano 2: 57.
Haag, 2012, N. Amer. Freshw. Mussels: 73 [as ‘Elliptio congarea’].
(error for Unio congaraeus Lea, 1831)

Unio congareus — Ravenel (1834)

Unio fulvus Lea, 1834
Lea, 1834, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 5 [O. 1]: 96 [208], pl. 13, fig. 39.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_85679, S.C.

Unio fulvus — Lea (1834), Ferussac (1835), Hanley (1843), Sowerby (1868), B.H. Wright (1888)
Margarita (Unio) fulvus — Lea (1836), Lea (1838)
Margaron (Unio) fulvus — Lea (1852), Lea (1870)
Unio icterinus — Conrad (1853)
Unio (Niäa) fulvus — Adams & Adams (1857)
Unio (sec. Elliptio) congaraeus — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914)
Elliptio (s.s.) congaraeus — Frierson (1927), Haas (1969), Burch (1975)
Elliptio (s.s.) congaraea — R.I. Johnson (1970)

Unio congaraeus Conrad, 1836
‘Lea’ Conrad, 1836, Monogr. Fam. Unionidae 1(3): 27, pl. 12, fig. 1 [as ‘congaræus’].
(reference to Unio congaraeus Lea, 1831)

Unio congaraeus — Conrad (1836)
Unio (sec. Elliptio) congaraeus — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914)
Elliptio (s.s.) forbesianus — Frierson (1927)

Unio planilateris Conrad, 1838
Conrad, 1838, Monogr. Fam. Unionidae 2(11): back cover.
Conrad, 1840, Monogr. Fam. Unionidae 2(12): 103, pl. 57, fig. 1.
Conrad, 1853, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 6: 255 [as ‘planitaleris’].

Unio planilateris — Conrad (1838), Conrad (1840)
Margaron (Unio) complanatus — Lea (1852)
Unio planitaleris — Conrad (1853)
Margaron (Unio) planilaterus — Lea (1870)
Unio planilaterus — B.H. Wright (1888)
Unio (sec. Elliptio) complanatus — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914)
Elliptio (s.s.) complanatus — Frierson (1927)
Elliptio (s.s.) violaceus violaceus — Haas (1969)
Elliptio (s.s.) congaraea — R.I. Johnson (1970)
Elliptio (s.s.) congaraeus — Burch (1975)

Unio buxeus Lea, 1852
Lea, 1852, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 10 [O. 5]: 261 [17], pl. 15, fig. 13.
Lea, 1852, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 5: 251. [nomen nudum]
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_85153, Abbeville, S Carolina.

Unio buxeus — Lea (1852), Conrad (1853), B.H. Wright (1888), Vanatta (1915)
Margaron (Unio) buxeus — Lea (1852), Lea (1870)
Unio (Hyridella) buxeus — Adams & Adams (1857)
Unio (sec. Elliptio) pusillus — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914)
Elliptio pusillus — Ortmann & Walker (1922)
Elliptio (s.s.) pusillus — Frierson (1927), Haas (1969)
Elliptio (s.s.) congaraea — R.I. Johnson (1970)
Elliptio (s.s.) congaraeus — Burch (1975)

Unio gibbesianus Lea, 1852
Lea, 1852, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 10 [O. 5]: 254 [10], pl. 12, fig. 2.
Lea, 1852, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 5: 251. [nomen nudum]
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_85685, Abbeville, S.C.

Unio gibbesianus — Lea (1852), Conrad (1853), B.H. Wright (1888)
Margaron (Unio) gibbesianus — Lea (1852), Lea (1870)
Unio (Niäa) gibbesianus — Adams & Adams (1857)
Unio (sec. Elliptio) sordidus — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914)
Elliptio (s.s.) congaraeus — Frierson (1927), Burch (1975)
Elliptio (s.s.) congaraea — R.I. Johnson (1970)

Unio moussonianus Lea, 1852
Lea, 1852, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 10 [O. 5]: 268 [24], pl. 118, fig. 22.
Lea, 1852, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 5: 251. [nomen nudum]
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_85168, Georgia.

Unio moussonianus — Lea (1852), B.H. Wright (1888)
Margaron (Unio) moussonianus — Lea (1852), Lea (1870)
Unio moussianus — Conrad (1853)
Unio (Hyridella) moussonianus — Adams & Adams (1857)
Unio (sec. Elliptio) forbesianus — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914)
Elliptio (s.s.) forbesianus — Frierson (1927), Haas (1969)
Elliptio (s.s.) congaraea — R.I. Johnson (1970)
Elliptio (s.s.) congaraeus — Burch (1975)

Unio planilaterus Lea, 1852
‘Conrad’ of Authors.
Lea, 1852, Synopsis Fam. Naiades: 32.
Lea, 1870, Synopsis Fam. Naiades: 51.
B.H. Wright, 1888, Check List N. Amer. Unionidae etc.: [4].
Simpson, 1900, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 722.
Simpson, 1914, Descr. Cat. Naiades: 653.
(error for Unio planilateris Conrad, 1838)

Unio planilaterus — Lea (1852)

Unio rufusculus Lea, 1852
Lea, 1852, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 10 [O. 5]: 258, pl. 14, fig. 7.
Lea, 1852, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 5: 252. [nomen nudum]
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_85683, Abbeville, S.C.

Unio rufusculus — Lea (1852), Conrad (1853), Sowerby (1868), B.H. Wright (1888)
Margaron (Unio) rufusculus — Lea (1852), Lea (1870)
Unio (Niäa) rufusculus — Adams & Adams (1857)
Unio (sec. Elliptio) complanatus — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914)
Elliptio (s.s.) congaraeus — Frierson (1927), Burch (1975)
Elliptio (s.s.) congaraea — R.I. Johnson (1970)

Unio sordidis Lea, 1852
Lea, 1852, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 10 [O. 5]: 254 [10].
(incorrect original spelling of Unio sordidus Lea, 1852)

Unio sordidis — Lea (1852)
Elliptio congaraea — Bieler (2021)

Unio sordidus Lea, 1852
Lea, 1852, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 10 [O. 5]: 254 [10], pl. 12, fig. 1 [as ‘sordidis’].
Lea, 1852, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 5: 252. [nomen nudum]
(correct name for Unio sordidis Lea, 1852)
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_85688, Abbeville, S.C.

Unio sordidus — Lea (1852), Conrad (1853), B.H. Wright (1888)
Margaron (Unio) sordidus — Lea (1852), Lea (1870)
Unio (Niäa) sordidus — Adams & Adams (1857)
Unio purpureus — Sowerby (1868)
Unio (sec. Elliptio) sordidus — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914)
Elliptio (s.s.) complanatus — Frierson (1927)
Elliptio (s.s.) violaceus violaceus — Haas (1969)
Elliptio (s.s.) congaraea — R.I. Johnson (1970)
Elliptio (s.s.) congaraeus — Burch (1975)
Elliptio congaraea — Bieler (2021)

Unio moussianus Conrad, 1853
‘Lea’ Conrad, 1853, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 6: 252.
(error for Unio moussonianus Lea, 1852)

Unio moussianus — Conrad (1853)

Unio planitaleris Conrad, 1853
‘Con.’ Conrad, 1853, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 6: 255.
(error for Unio planilateris Conrad, 1838)

Unio planitaleris — Conrad (1853)

Unio corvus Lea, 1859
Lea, 1859, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 11: 112.
Lea, 1859, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 4 [O. 7]: 217 [35], pl. 28, fig. 97.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_84539, Buckhead Cr., Burke Co., Ga.

Unio corvus — Lea (1859), Sowerby (1868), B.H. Wright (1888)
Margaron (Unio) corvus — Lea (1870)
Unio (sec. Elliptio) forbesianus — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914)
Elliptio (s.s.) pusillus — Frierson (1927)
Elliptio (s.s.) forbesianus — Haas (1969)
Elliptio (s.s.) congaraea — R.I. Johnson (1970)
Elliptio (s.s.) congaraeus — Burch (1975)

Unio pussilus Küster, 1861
‘Lea’ Küster, 1861, Conchyl. Cab. 9(2): 197.
(error for Unio pusillus Lea, 1840)

Unio pussilus — Küster (1861)

Unio vestitus Lea, 1861
Lea, 1861, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 13: 393.
Lea, 1862, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 5 [O. 9]: 189 [11], pl. 25, fig. 259.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_85332, Ogeechee R., Georgia.

Unio vestitus — Lea (1861), B.H. Wright (1888)
Margaron (Unio) vestitus — Lea (1870)
Unio (sec. Elliptio) forbesianus — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914)
Elliptio (s.s.) pusillus — Frierson (1927)
Elliptio (s.s.) forbesianus — Haas (1969)
Elliptio (s.s.) congaraea — R.I. Johnson (1970)
Elliptio (s.s.) congaraeus — Burch (1975)

Unio strumosus Lea, 1872
Lea, 1872, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 24: 158.
Lea, 1874, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 8 [O. 13]: 57 [61], pl. 19, fig. 55.
Lea, 1874, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 25: 423.
Type(s): FIGURED SYNTYPE USNM_85755, Yadkin R., N.C.

Unio strumosus — Lea (1872), B.H. Wright (1888)
Unio (sec. Elliptio) strumosus — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914)
Elliptio (s.s.) complanatus — Frierson (1927)
Elliptio (s.s.) violaceus violaceus — Haas (1969)
Elliptio (s.s.) congaraea — R.I. Johnson (1970)
Elliptio (s.s.) congaraeus — Burch (1975)

Unio planilateralis Frierson, 1927
‘Conrad’ of Authors.
Frierson, 1927, Check List N. Amer. Naiades: 31.
Haas, 1969, Das Tierreich 88: 233.
(error for Unio planilateris Conrad, 1838)

Unio planilateralis — Frierson (1927)

Taxonomic History (since 1900)

Unio (sec. Elliptio) congaraeus — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914)
Unio (sec. Elliptio) lecontianus — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914)
Unio (sec. Elliptio) complanatus — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914)
Unio (sec. Elliptio) pusillus — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914)
Unio (sec. Elliptio) forbesianus — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914)
Unio (sec. Elliptio) sordidus — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914)
Unio (sec. Elliptio) waccamawensis — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914)
Unio (sec. Elliptio) dorsatus — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914)
Unio (sec. Elliptio) strumosus — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914)
Unio buxeus — Vanatta (1915)
Elliptio pusillus — Ortmann & Walker (1922)
Elliptio (s.s.) congaraeus — Frierson (1927), Haas (1969), Burch (1975)
Elliptio (s.s.) forbesianus — Frierson (1927), Haas (1969)
Elliptio (s.s.) lecontianus — Frierson (1927), Haas (1969)
Elliptio (s.s.) complanatus — Frierson (1927)
Elliptio (s.s.) pusillus — Frierson (1927), Haas (1969)
Elliptio (s.s.) waccamawensis — Frierson (1927), Haas (1969), R.I. Johnson (1970), Burch (1975)
Elliptio (s.s.) dorsatus — Frierson (1927), Haas (1969)
Unio planilateralis — Frierson (1927)
Elliptio (s.s.) violaceus violaceus — Haas (1969)
Elliptio (s.s.) congaraea — R.I. Johnson (1970)
Elliptio waccamawensis — Davis et al. (1981), Davis & Fuller (1981), Davis (1984), Turgeon et al. (1988), ..., Haag (2012), ITIS (2012), Inoue et al. (2018), Hauck et al. (2023)
Elliptio congaraea — Davis (1984), Turgeon et al. (1988), Williams et al. (1993), IUCN (1996), ..., Graf & Cummings (2021), FMCS (2021), Bieler (2021), Hopper et al. (2023)
Elliptio congarea — Haag (2012)

Page updated: 07:08:01 Thu 04 Apr 2024

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