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Page last updated
Wed 04 Dec 2024

The Freshwater Mussels (Unionoida) of the World (and other less consequential bivalves)

FM(U)otW(aolcb) is the web version of the MUSSEL Project Database. Follow the links to browse the data or use the custom Google search field. Either way, you win!

The nominal species (available and otherwise) in this synonymy are listed by usage rather than strictly by publication date. The primary sorting order is by the most recent year (since 1969) that the species name was treated as valid, and then nominal species are sorted secondarily by publication year.

The taxonomic history of the valid species (since 1900) is listed at the bottom of the page.

Search the database pages:

Unionoida | Unionoidea | Unionidae | Ambleminae | Lampsilini | Toxolasma

species Toxolasma paulum (Lea, 1840): nominal species
     8 specimens available.

Unio paulus Lea, 1840
Lea, 1840, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 1: 287.
Lea, 1842, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 8 [O. 3]: 213 [51], pl. 15, fig. 29.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE (MONOTYPY) USNM_85274, Columbus, Ga.

Unio paulusLea (1840), Conrad (1853), Küster (1862), B.H. Wright (1888)
Margaron (Unio) paulusLea (1852), Lea (1870)
Unio (Hyridella) paulusAdams & Adams (1857)
Unio parvusCall (1895)
Lampsilis (Carunculina) paulusSimpson (1900)
Unio (s.s.) parvusCall (1900)
Eurynia (Carunculina) paulaOrtmann (1912)
Lampsilis (Carunculina) paulaSimpson (1914)
Carunculina paulaFrierson (1927), Clench & Turner (1956), Haas (1969)
Carunculina parvaR.I. Johnson (1972), Burch (1975)
Toxolasma paulusTurgeon et al. (1988), Williams et al. (1993), Turgeon et al. (1998), Lydeard et al. (1999), ..., Breton et al. (2011), Haag (2012), ITIS (2012), Chase et al. (2018)
Toxolasma paulumLee (2006), Williams et al. (2008), Bogan (2010), Williams et al. (2011), ..., FMCS (2021), Bieler (2021), Hopper et al. (2023), MolluscaBase (2024)

Unio minor Lea, 1843
Lea, 1843, [privately published sheet]: [1].
Lea, 1845, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 9 [O. 4]: 276 [34], pl. 39, fig.3.
(homonym of Unio margaritifer var. minor Rossmässler, 1835)
Type(s): FIGURED SPECIMEN USNM_85310, L George, Fla.

Unio minorLea (1843), Conrad (1853), B.H. Wright (1888)
Margaron (Unio) minorLea (1852), Lea (1870)
Unio (Hyridella) minorAdams & Adams (1857)
Unio parvusCall (1895)
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) minorSimpson (1900)
Unio (s.s.) parvusCall (1900)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) minorSimpson (1914)
Carunculina minorFrierson (1927), Haas (1969)
Carunculina paulaClench & Turner (1956)
Carunculina parvaR.I. Johnson (1972), Burch (1975)
Toxolasma paulumWilliams et al. (2011), Williams et al. (2014), MolluscaBase (2024)
Toxolasma minorBreton et al. (2011)

Unio germanus Lea, 1861
Lea, 1861, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 13: 40.
Lea, 1866, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 6 [O. 11]: 49 [53], pl. 19, fig. 54.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_85296, Coosa R., Ala.

Unio germanusLea (1861), Lea (1866), B.H. Wright (1888)
Margaron (Unio) germanusLea (1870)
Unio glansCall (1895)
Lampsilis (Carunculina) germanusSimpson (1900)
Unio (s.s.) glansCall (1900)
Lampsilis (Carunculina) germanaSimpson (1914)
Carunculina paulaFrierson (1927), Haas (1969)
Carunculina parvaBurch (1975)
Toxolasma germanusWilliams et al. (2008)
Toxolasma paulumMolluscaBase (2024)

Unio granulatus Lea, 1861
Lea, 1861, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 13: 60 [as ‘granulatis’].
Lea, 1866, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 6 [O. 11]: 48 [52], pl. 16, fig. 46.
(correct name for Unio granulatis Lea, 1861)
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_85297, Big Prairie Cr., Ala.

Unio granulatusLea (1861), Lea (1866), B.H. Wright (1888)
Margaron (Unio) granulatusLea (1870)
Unio glansCall (1895)
Lampsilis (Carunculina) germanusSimpson (1900)
Unio (s.s.) glansCall (1900)
Lampsilis (Carunculina) germanaSimpson (1914)
Carunculina paulaHaas (1969)
Toxolasma granulatusWilliams et al. (2008)
Toxolasma paulumBieler (2021), MolluscaBase (2024)

Unio granulatis Lea, 1861
Lea, 1861, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 13: 60.
(incorrect original spelling of Unio granulatus Lea, 1861)

Unio granulatisLea (1861)
Unio granulatusLea (1866)
Lampsilis (Carunculina) germanaSimpson (1914)
Toxolasma paulumBieler (2021)

Unio cromwellii Lea, 1865
Lea, 1865, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 17: 89.
Lea, 1868, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 6 [O. 12]: 258 [18], pl. 31, fig. 73.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_85280, Kiokee Creek, near Albany, Georgia.

Unio cromwelliiLea (1865), B.H. Wright (1888)
Margaron (Unio) cromwelliiLea (1870)
Unio glansCall (1895)
Lampsilis (Carunculina) cromwelliiSimpson (1900), Simpson (1914)
Unio (s.s.) glansCall (1900)
Carunculina paulaFrierson (1927), Clench & Turner (1956), Haas (1969)
Carunculina parvaR.I. Johnson (1972), Burch (1975), R.I. Johnson (1980)
Toxolasma paulusBrim Box & Williams (2000)
Toxolasma paulumWilliams et al. (2011), Williams et al. (2014), MolluscaBase (2024)

Unio marginis Lea, 1865
Lea, 1865, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 17: 89.
Lea, 1868, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 6 [O. 12]: 255 [15], pl. 31, fig. 69.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_85295, Blue Springs, Georgia.

Unio marginisLea (1865), B.H. Wright (1888)
Margaron (Unio) marginisLea (1870)
Unio parvusCall (1895)
Lampsilis (Carunculina) cromwelliiSimpson (1900), Simpson (1914)
Unio (s.s.) parvusCall (1900)
Carunculina paulaFrierson (1927), Clench & Turner (1956), Haas (1969)
Carunculina parvaR.I. Johnson (1972), Burch (1975)
Toxolasma paulusBrim Box & Williams (2000)
Toxolasma paulumWilliams et al. (2011), Williams et al. (2014), MolluscaBase (2024)

Unio corvinus Lea, 1868
Lea, 1868, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 20: 144.
Lea, 1868, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 6 [O. 12]: 310 [70], pl. 48, fig. 123.
Type(s): FIGURED SYNTYPE USNM_85277, Flint R., Ga.

Unio corvinusLea (1868), B.H. Wright (1888)
Margaron (Unio) corvinusLea (1870)
Unio parvusCall (1895)
Lampsilis (Carunculina) paulusSimpson (1900)
Unio (s.s.) parvusCall (1900)
Lampsilis (Carunculina) paulaSimpson (1914)
Carunculina parvaR.I. Johnson (1972), Burch (1975)
Toxolasma paulusBrim Box & Williams (2000)
Toxolasma paulumWilliams et al. (2011), Williams et al. (2014), MolluscaBase (2024)

Unio stearnsii B.H. Wright, 1888
B.H. Wright, 1888, Check List N. Amer. Unionidae etc.: [5]. [nomen nudum]
Type(s): NOMEN NUDUM ANSP_56495, Blue Spring Landing, St. John’s R., Fla.

Unio stearnsiiB.H. Wright (1888)
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) minorSimpson (1900)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) minorSimpson (1914)
Carunculina paulaClench & Turner (1956)
Carunculina parvaR.I. Johnson (1972), Burch (1975)

Taxonomic History (since 1900)

Lampsilis (Carunculina) paulusSimpson (1900)
Unio (s.s.) parvusCall (1900)
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) minorSimpson (1900)
Lampsilis (Carunculina) germanusSimpson (1900)
Unio (s.s.) glansCall (1900)
Lampsilis (Carunculina) cromwelliiSimpson (1900), Simpson (1914)
Eurynia (Carunculina) paulaOrtmann (1912)
Lampsilis (Carunculina) paulaSimpson (1914)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) minorSimpson (1914)
Lampsilis (Carunculina) germanaSimpson (1914)
Carunculina paulaFrierson (1927), Clench & Turner (1956), Haas (1969)
Carunculina minorFrierson (1927), Haas (1969)
Carunculina parvaR.I. Johnson (1972), Burch (1975), R.I. Johnson (1980)
Toxolasma paulusTurgeon et al. (1988), Williams et al. (1993), Turgeon et al. (1998), Lydeard et al. (1999), ..., Breton et al. (2011), Haag (2012), ITIS (2012), Chase et al. (2018)
Toxolasma paulumLee (2006), Williams et al. (2008), Bogan (2010), Williams et al. (2011), ..., FMCS (2021), Bieler (2021), Hopper et al. (2023), MolluscaBase (2024)
Toxolasma germanusWilliams et al. (2008)
Toxolasma granulatusWilliams et al. (2008)
Toxolasma minorBreton et al. (2011)

Page updated: 15:11:20 Wed 04 Dec 2024

 
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