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Page last updated
Wed 04 Dec 2024

The Freshwater Mussels (Unionoida) of the World (and other less consequential bivalves)

FM(U)otW(aolcb) is the web version of the MUSSEL Project Database. Follow the links to browse the data or use the custom Google search field. Either way, you win!

This page documents data for R.I. Johnson (1970), such as genera and species attributed to that publication (including known misspellings, misidentifications, and other unavailable names) as well as taxonomic opinions, if available. Taxonomic opinions refer to uses of genera and species as valid and invalid in that work.

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Publication information

Johnson, R.I. 1970. The systematics and zoogeography of the Unionidae (Mollusca: Bivalvia) of the southern Atlantic Slope Region. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 140(6): 263-449.

Click here for online access.

Attributed Species Names

Anodonta imbecilis Lea, 1836
‘Say’ of Authors.
Lea, 1836, Synopsis Fam. Naiades: 54.
Conrad, 1853, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 6: 264.
Adams & Adams, 1857, Gen. Rec. Moll. 2(31-32): 502.
Say, 1858, [in] Binney, Compl. Writings T. Say: 140.
Lapham, 1860, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 12: 156.
B.H. Wright, 1888, Check List N. Amer. Unionidae etc.: [7].
Pilsbry & Rhoads, 1896, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 48: 506.
Clench & Turner, 1956, Bull. Fla. State Mus. 1: 187.
Murray & Leonard, 1962, Handbk. Unionid Muss. Kansas: 95.
R.I. Johnson, 1970, Bull. MCZ 140(6): 362.
Heard, 1975, Malacologia 15(1): 84.
Kat, 1983, Malacologia 23(2): 362.
Hoeh, 1990, Malac. Review 23: 63.
Lydeard et al., 1996, Philos. Trans. Roy. Soc. London (B, Biol. Sci.) 351: 1595.
Rosenberg et al., 1997, J. Moll. Studies 63: 303.
Adamkewicz et al., 1997, MBE 14(6): 622.
(error for Anodonta imbecillis Say, 1829)

Unio hazelhurstianus B.H. Wright, 1888
‘Lea’ of Authors.
B.H. Wright, 1888, Check List N. Amer. Unionidae etc.: [3].
Simpson, 1900, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 719 [as ‘Unio (sec. Elliptio) hazelhurstianus’].
Simpson, 1914, Descr. Cat. Naiades: 648.
Frierson, 1927, Check List N. Amer. Naiades: 29 [as ‘Elliptio (Elliptio) hazelhurstianus’].
Haas, 1969, Das Tierreich 88: 229 [as ‘Elliptio (Elliptio) hazelhurstianus’].
R.I. Johnson, 1970, Bull. MCZ 140(6): 333.
Burch, 1975, Freshw. Unio. North Amer.: 164.
(error for Unio hazlehurstianus Lea, 1858)

Unio nasutilus Simpson, 1900
‘Lea’ of Authors.
Simpson, 1900, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 735.
Simpson, 1914, Descr. Cat. Naiades: 691.
R.I. Johnson, 1970, Bull. MCZ 140(6): 334.
Burch, 1975, Freshw. Unio. North Amer.: 167.
Bogan, 2002, Workbook Key Freshw. Biv. NC: Table 5.
Perkins et al., 2017, Conserv. Genet. 18: 752.
Inoue et al., 2018, Invert. Syst. 32: Table S2.
(error for Unio nasutidus Lea, 1863)

Unio cistelliformis Simpson, 1900
‘Lea’ of Authors.
Simpson, 1900, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 716.
Simpson, 1914, Descr. Cat. Naiades: 641.
Frierson, 1927, Check List N. Amer. Naiades: 29.
Haas, 1969, Das Tierreich 88: 228.
R.I. Johnson, 1970, Bull. MCZ 140(6): 317.
Davis et al., 1981, Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 15: 135.
Davis, 1984, Malacologia 25(2): 631.
Williams et al., 1993, Fisheries 18(9): 11.
Haag, 2012, N. Amer. Freshw. Mussels: 73.
(error for Unio cistellaeformis Lea, 1863)

Unio averillii Simpson, 1900
“Wright” of Authors.
Simpson, 1900, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 560.
Simpson, 1914, Descr. Cat. Naiades: 138.
Frierson, 1927, Check List N. Amer. Naiades: 76.
R.I. Johnson, 1970, Bull. MCZ 140(6): 373.
R.I. Johnson, 1972, Bull. Fla. State Mus. 16(4): 237.
Burch, 1975, Freshw. Unio. North Amer.: 159.
(error for Unio averellii B.H. Wright, 1888)

Unio cuspitatus R.I. Johnson, 1970
‘Lea’ of Authors.
R.I. Johnson, 1970, Bull. MCZ 140(6): 327.
R.I. Johnson, 1972, Bull. Fla. State Mus. 16(4): 206.
Burch, 1975, Freshw. Unio. North Amer.: 162.
(error for Unio cuspidatus Lea, 1872)

Taxonomic Opinions

Alasmidonta (Decurambis) marginata Say, 1818

Alasmidonta (Decurambis) varicosa (Lamarck, 1819)
+ Unio rugulosus Wood, 1828
+ Alasmodon corrugata De Kay, 1843

Alasmidonta (Pressodonta) calceola (Lea, 1828)

Alasmidonta (Prolasmidonta) heterodon (Lea, 1829)

Alasmidonta (s.s.) arcula (Lea, 1838)

Alasmidonta (s.s.) triangulata (Lea, 1858)

Alasmidonta (s.s.) undulata (Say, 1817)
+ Unio glabratus Sowerby & Sowerby, 1821
+ Unio hians Valenciennes, 1827
+ Alasmodonta sculptilis Say, 1829
+ Uniopsis radiata Swainson, 1840
+ Uniopsis mytiloides Swainson, 1840
+ Unio swainsoni Sowerby, 1868

Alasmidonta (s.s.) wrightiana (Walker, 1901)

Anodonta (Pyganodon) cataracta cataracta Say, 1817
+ Anodonta fluviatilis Bosc, 1801
+ Anodonta marginata Say, 1817
+ Anodonta teres Conrad, 1834
+ Anodonta excurvata De Kay, 1843
+ Anodonta virgulata Lea, 1857
+ Anodonta lacustris Lea, 1857
+ Anodonta hallenbeckii Lea, 1858
+ Anodonta gesnerii Lea, 1858
+ Anodonta dariensis Lea, 1858
+ Anodonta williamsii Lea, 1862
+ Anodonta tryonii Lea, 1862
+ Anodonta dolearis Lea, 1863
+ Anodonta doliaris Lea, 1863

Anodonta (Pyganodon) cataracta fragilis Lamarck, 1819

Anodonta (Pyganodon) gibbosa Say, 1824

Anodonta (Pyganodon) implicata Say, 1829
+ Anodonta newtonensis Lea, 1838
+ Anodonta housatonica Gould, 1848

Anodonta (Utterbackia) couperiana Lea, 1840
+ Anodonta cowperiana Lea, 1840
+ Anodonta dunlapiana Lea, 1842

Anodonta (Utterbackia) imbecilis [sic] Say, 1829
+ Anodonta (Lastena) ohiensis Rafinesque, 1820
+ Anodonta incerta Lea, 1834
+ Anodon horda Gould, 1855
+ Anodonta henryana Lea, 1857
+ Utterbackia imbecillis fusca F.C. Baker, 1927

Carunculina pulla (Conrad, 1838)
+ Carunculina patrickae Bates, 1966

Elliptio (Canthyria) spinosa (Lea, 1836)

Elliptio (s.s.) arctata (Conrad, 1834)
+ Unio strigosus Lea, 1840
+ Unio tortivus Lea, 1840
+ Unio lazarus Lea, 1852
+ Unio perstriatus Lea, 1852
+ Unio gracilentus Lea, 1857
+ Unio perlatus Lea, 1863

Elliptio (s.s.) complanata (Lightfoot, 1786)
+ Unio violaceus Spengler, 1793
+ Unio purpureus Say, 1817
+ Unio rarisulcata Lamarck, 1819
+ Unio coarctata Lamarck, 1819
+ Unio purpurascens Lamarck, 1819
+ Unio rhombula Lamarck, 1819
+ Unio carinifera Lamarck, 1819
+ Unio georgina Lamarck, 1819
+ Unio glabrata Lamarck, 1819
+ Unio sulcidens Lamarck, 1819
+ Unio virginiana Lamarck, 1819
+ Unio (Elliptio) aurata Rafinesque, 1820
+ Unio fluviatilis Green, 1827
+ Unio rigidus Wood, 1828
+ Unio griffithianus Lea, 1834
+ Unio subinflatus Conrad, 1835
+ Unio jejunus Lea, 1838
+ Unio roanokensis Lea, 1838
+ Unio fuliginosus Lea, 1845
+ Unio cuvierianus Lea, 1852
+ Unio errans Lea, 1856
+ Unio vicinus Lea, 1856
+ Unio geminus Lea, 1856
+ Unio abbevillensis Lea, 1857
+ Unio percoarctatus Lea, 1857
+ Unio wheatleyi Lea, 1857
+ Unio catawbensis Lea, 1857
+ Unio insulsus Lea, 1857
+ Unio spadiceus Lea, 1857
+ Unio macer Lea, 1857
+ Unio contractus Lea, 1857
+ Unio virens Lea, 1857
+ Unio savannahensis Lea, 1857
+ Unio subflavus Lea, 1857
+ Unio fumatus Lea, 1857
+ Unio subniger Lea, 1857
+ Unio neusensis Lea, 1858
+ Unio purus Lea, 1858
+ Unio exactus Lea, 1858
+ Unio postellii Lea, 1858
+ Unio roswellensis Lea, 1858
+ Unio burkensis Lea, 1859
+ Unio hallenbeckii Lea, 1859
+ Unio baldwinensis Lea, 1859
+ Unio salebrosus Lea, 1859
+ Unio raeensis Lea, 1859
+ Unio latus Lea, 1859
+ Unio quadratus Lea, 1859
+ Unio squameus Lea, 1861
+ Unio rostrum Lea, 1861
+ Unio northamptonensis Lea, 1861
+ Unio decumbens Lea, 1861
+ Unio raleighensis Lea, 1863
+ Unio aberrans Lea, 1863
+ Unio weldonensis Lea, 1863
+ Unio mecklenbergensis Lea, 1863
+ Unio chathamensis Lea, 1863
+ Unio gastonensis Lea, 1863
+ Unio quadrilaterus Lea, 1863
+ Unio indefinilus Lea, 1863
+ Unio cistellaeformis Lea, 1863
+ Unio mediocris Lea, 1863
+ Unio perlucens Lea, 1863
+ Unio curatus Lea, 1863
+ Unio protensus Lea, 1865
+ Unio lazarus Sowerby, 1868
+ Unio beaverensis Lea, 1868
+ Unio nubilus Lea, 1868
+ Unio datus Lea, 1868
+ Unio humerosus Lea, 1868
+ Unio uhareensis Lea, 1868
+ Unio tortuosus Sowerby, 1868
+ Unio santeensis Lea, 1871
+ Unio yadkinensis Lea, 1872
+ Unio amplus Lea, 1872
+ Unio ligatus Lea, 1872
+ Unio differtus Lea, 1872
+ Unio subparallelus Lea, 1872
+ Unio oblongus Lea, 1872
+ Unio curvatus Lea, 1872
+ Unio irwinensis Lea, 1872
+ Unio subsquamosus Lea, 1872
+ Unio infuscus Lea, 1872
+ Unio ratus Lea, 1872
+ Unio basalis Lea, 1872
+ Unio dissimilis Lea, 1872
+ Unio cirratus Lea, 1874
+ Unio subolivaceus Lea, 1874
+ Unio infulgens Lea, 1874
+ Unio corneus Lea, 1874
+ Unio dooleyensis Lea, 1874
+ Unio gesnerii Lea, 1874
+ Unio invenustus Lea, 1874
+ Unio palliatus Ravenel, 1875
+ Unio (Arconaia) provancheriana Pilsbry, 1890
+ Unio pullatus var. majusculus de Gregorio, 1914
+ Unio complanatus mainensis Rich, 1915
+ Unio indefinitus Haas, 1969

Elliptio (s.s.) congaraea (Lea, 1831)
+ Unio fulvus Lea, 1834
+ Unio lecontianus Lea, 1838
+ Unio planilateris Conrad, 1838
+ Unio pusillus Lea, 1840
+ Unio sordidus Lea, 1852
+ Unio gibbesianus Lea, 1852
+ Unio rufusculus Lea, 1852
+ Unio forbesianus Lea, 1852
+ Unio buxeus Lea, 1852
+ Unio moussonianus Lea, 1852
+ Unio corvus Lea, 1859
+ Unio vestitus Lea, 1861
+ Unio dorsatus Lea, 1868
+ Unio strumosus Lea, 1872

Elliptio (s.s.) crassidens crassidens (Lamarck, 1819)
+ Unio (Elliptio) nigra Rafinesque, 1820
+ Unio cuneatus Barnes, 1823
+ Unio incrassatus Lea, 1840
+ Unio discus Sowerby, 1868
+ Unio lehmanii S.H. Wright, 1897
+ Unio danielsii B.H. Wright, 1899
+ Unio polymorphus B.H. Wright, 1899
+ Elliptio pachyodon Olson & Harbison, 1953

Elliptio (s.s.) crassidens downiei (Lea, 1858)
+ Unio satillaensis Lea, 1858
+ Unio spissus Lea, 1859

Elliptio (s.s.) dariensis (Lea, 1842)
+ Unio monroensis Lea, 1843
+ Unio websterii B.H. Wright, 1888
+ Unio hartwrightii B.H. Wright, 1896

Elliptio (s.s.) dilatata (Rafinesque, 1820)
+ Obliquaria (Ellipsaria) cuprea Rafinesque, 1820

Elliptio (s.s.) fraterna (Lea, 1852)
+ Unio anthonyi Lea, 1861
+ Elliptio mcmichaeli Clench & Turner, 1956

Elliptio (s.s.) hopetonensis (Lea, 1838)
+ Unio inusitatis Lea, 1859

Elliptio (s.s.) icterina (Conrad, 1834)
+ Unio raveneli Conrad, 1834
+ Unio confertus Lea, 1834
+ Margarita (Unio) watereensis Lea, 1836
+ Unio lugubris Lea, 1838
+ Unio geddingsianus Lea, 1840
+ Unio fuscatus Lea, 1843
+ Unio occultus Lea, 1843
+ Unio limatulus Conrad, 1849
+ Unio tuomeyi Lea, 1852
+ Unio whiteianus Lea, 1852
+ Unio barrattii Lea, 1852
+ Unio pullatis Lea, 1856
+ Unio pullatus Lea, 1856
+ Unio coruscus Gould, 1856
+ Unio micans Lea, 1857
+ Unio obnubilus Lea, 1857
+ Unio opacus Lea, 1857
+ Unio similis Lea, 1857
+ Unio sublatus Lea, 1857
+ Unio viridicatus Lea, 1857
+ Unio tetricus Lea, 1857
+ Unio aequatus Lea, 1857
+ Unio aquilus Lea, 1857
+ Unio viridiradiatus Lea, 1859
+ Unio hepaticus Lea, 1859
+ Unio viridans Lea, 1859
+ Unio verutus Lea, 1859
+ Unio ocmulgeensis Lea, 1861
+ Unio mercerii Lea, 1862
+ Unio lucidus Lea, 1863
+ Unio livingstonensis Lea, 1863
+ Unio ablatus Lea, 1863
+ Unio radiolus Lea, 1871
+ Unio cuspidatus Lea, 1872
+ Unio hastatus Lea, 1874
+ Unio fryanus B.H. Wright, 1888
+ Unio nolani B.H. Wright, 1888
+ Unio simpsoni B.H. Wright, 1888
+ Unio burtchianus S.H. Wright, 1897
+ Unio diazensis S.H. Wright, 1897
+ Unio dispalans B.H. Wright, 1899
+ Unio singularis B.H. Wright, 1899
+ Unio oblatus Simpson, 1900
+ Elliptio cylindraceus Frierson, 1927
+ Elliptio maywebbae B.H. Wright, 1934

Elliptio (s.s.) lanceolata (Lea, 1828)
+ Unio angustatus Lea, 1831
+ Unio productus Conrad, 1836
+ Unio fisherianus Lea, 1838
+ Unio folliculatus Lea, 1838
+ Unio duttonianus Lea, 1841
+ Unio sagittiformis Lea, 1852
+ Unio rostraeformis Lea, 1856
+ Unio rostriformis Lea, 1856
+ Unio extensus Lea, 1857
+ Unio emmonsii Lea, 1857
+ Unio naviculoides Lea, 1857
+ Unio maconensis Lea, 1857
+ Unio hazlehurstianus Lea, 1858
+ Unio viridulus Lea, 1863
+ Unio nasutidus Lea, 1863
+ Unio nasutulus Lea, 1866
+ Unio attenuatus Lea, 1872
+ Unio rostellum Lea, 1872
+ Unio exacutus Lea, 1872
+ Unio subcylindraceus Lea, 1874
+ Unio arctior var. fisheropsis de Gregorio, 1914

Elliptio (s.s.) shepardiana (Lea, 1834)

Elliptio (s.s.) waccamawensis (Lea, 1863)

Lampsilis (s.s.) cariosa (Say, 1817)
+ Lampsilis pallida Rafinesque, 1820
+ Unio ovata Valenciennes, 1827
+ Unio crocatus Lea, 1841
+ Unio oratus Conrad, 1849

Lampsilis (s.s.) dolabraeformis (Lea, 1838)

Lampsilis (s.s.) ochracea (Say, 1817)
+ Mytilus fluviatilis Gmelin, 1791
+ Lampsilis rosea Rafinesque, 1820
+ Unio rosaceus Conrad, 1849

Lampsilis (s.s.) ovata (Say, 1817)
+ Lampsilis cardium Rafinesque, 1820
+ Unio ventricosus Barnes, 1823
+ Unio occidens Lea, 1829
+ Unio subovatus Lea, 1831
+ Unio lenis Conrad, 1838
+ Unio canadensis Lea, 1857
+ Unio latissimus Sowerby, 1868
+ Lampsilis ventricosa cohongoronta Ortmann, 1912
+ Lampsilis (s.s.) ventricosa var. lurida Simpson, 1914
+ Lampsilis ventricosa winnebagoensis F.C. Baker, 1928
+ Lampsilis ventricosa perglobosa F.C. Baker, 1928

Lampsilis (s.s.) radiata radiata (Gmelin, 1791)
+ Unio luteola Lamarck, 1819
+ Unio lineata Bory de St. Vincent, 1827
+ Unio oblongatus Wood, 1828
+ Unio tenebrosus Conrad, 1834
+ Unio melinus Conrad, 1838
+ Unio boydianus Lea, 1840
+ Unio rosaceus De Kay, 1843
+ Unio elongata Goodrich, 1859
+ Unio obliquiradiatus Reeve, 1865
+ Unio virginana Reeve, 1865
+ Unio conspicuus Lea, 1872
+ Lampsilis radiata oneidensis F.C. Baker, 1916
+ Unio virginea Frierson, 1927

Lampsilis (s.s.) splendida (Lea, 1838)
+ Unio regularis Sowerby, 1866

Lasmigona (Platynaias) subviridis (Conrad, 1835)
+ Unio viridis Conrad, 1835
+ Unio tappanianus Lea, 1838
+ Unio hyalinus Lea, 1845
+ Unio decoratus Lea, 1852
+ Unio pygmaeus Lea, 1852
+ Unio charlottensis Lea, 1863
+ Unio pertenuis Lea, 1863
+ Unio insolidus Lea, 1872

Lasmigona (s.s.) costata (Rafinesque, 1820)

Ligumia nasuta (Say, 1817)
+ Obliquaria (Ellipsaria) attenuata Rafinesque, 1820
+ Unio rostrata Valenciennes, 1827
+ Unio fisherianus Küster, 1861
+ Unio vaughanianus Sowerby, 1868

Pleurobema (Lexingtonia) collina Conrad, 1836

Pleurobema (Lexingtonia) masoni (Conrad, 1834)
+ Unio subplanus Conrad, 1837
+ Unio pumilus Lea, 1838
+ Unio merus Lea, 1852
+ Unio striatulus Lea, 1857
+ Unio castus Lea, 1860
+ Unio brimleyi S.H. Wright, 1897

Strophitus undulatus (Say, 1817)
+ Anodonta pensylvanica Lamarck, 1819
+ Anodon rugosus Swainson, 1822
+ Anodon areolatus Swainson, 1829
+ Alasmodonta edentula Say, 1829
+ Anodonta virgata Conrad, 1836
+ Anodonta pavonia Lea, 1838
+ Anodonta wardiana Lea, 1838
+ Anodon unadilla De Kay, 1843
+ Anodonta tetragona Lea, 1845
+ Anodonta arkansensis Lea, 1852
+ Anodonta shaefferiana Lea, 1852
+ Alasmodon rhombica J.G. Anthony, 1865
+ Anodon papyracea J.G. Anthony, 1865
+ Anodon annulatus Sowerby, 1867
+ Anodon quadriplicatus Sowerby, 1870
+ Anodonta salmonea Clessin, 1873
+ Strophitus undulatus ovatus Frierson, 1927
+ Strophitus rugosus pepinensis F.C. Baker, 1928
+ Strophitus rugosus winnebagoensis F.C. Baker, 1928
+ Strophitus rugosus lacustris F.C. Baker, 1928

Uniomerus tetralasmus (Say, 1831)
+ Unio obesus Lea, 1831
+ Unio declivis Say, 1831
+ Unio camptodon Say, 1832
+ Unio geometricus Lea, 1834
+ Unio blandingianus Lea, 1834
+ Unio declivis Conrad, 1836
+ Unio excultus Conrad, 1838
+ Unio sayii Tappan, 1839
+ Unio parallelus Conrad, 1841
+ Unio buddianus Lea, 1843
+ Unio symmetricus Lea, 1845
+ Unio paludicolus Gould, 1845
+ Unio ineptus Lea, 1852
+ Unio hebes Lea, 1852
+ Unio rivularis Conrad, 1853
+ Unio paludicolor Conrad, 1853
+ Unio porrectus Conrad, 1854
+ Unio subcroceus Conrad, 1854
+ Unio manubius Gould, 1855
+ Unio columbensis Lea, 1857
+ Unio jamesianus Lea, 1857
+ Unio plantii Lea, 1857
+ Unio cicur Lea, 1861
+ Unio squalidus Lea, 1863
+ Unio electrinus Reeve, 1865
+ Unio bisselianus Lea, 1867
+ Unio jewettii Lea, 1867
+ Unio rivicolus Conrad, 1868
+ Unio pawensis Lea, 1868

Villosa constricta (Conrad, 1838)
+ Unio genthii Lea, 1857

Villosa delumbis (Conrad, 1834)
+ Unio tenerus Ravenel, 1834
+ Unio vaughanianus Lea, 1838
+ Unio ogeecheensis Conrad, 1849
+ Unio concavus Lea, 1852
+ Unio proximus Lea, 1852
+ Unio contiguus Lea, 1861
+ Unio genuinus Lea, 1868

Villosa vibex (Conrad, 1834)
+ Unio modioliformis Lea, 1834
+ Unio exiguus Lea, 1840
+ Unio stagnalis Conrad, 1849
+ Unio prevostianus Lea, 1852
+ Unio nigrinus Lea, 1852
+ Unio gracilior Lea, 1856
+ Unio rutilans Lea, 1856
+ Unio subellipsis Lea, 1856
+ Unio sudus Lea, 1857
+ Unio obfuscus Lea, 1857
+ Unio dispar Lea, 1860
+ Unio averellii B.H. Wright, 1888

Villosa villosa (Wright, B.H., 1898)

Page updated: 11:21:17 Wed 04 Dec 2024

 
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