MUSSELp
 
MUSSELpdb
 
 
Taxonomy
 
 
Geography
 
 
 

Page last updated
Thu 21 Mar 2024

The Freshwater Mussels (Unionoida) of the World (and other less consequential bivalves)

FM(U)otW(aolcb) is the web version of the MUSSEL Project Database. Follow the links to browse the data or use the custom Google search field. Either way, you win!

The nominal species (available and otherwise) in this synonymy are listed by usage rather than strictly by publication date. The primary sorting order is by the most recent year (since 1969) that the species name was treated as valid, and then nominal species are sorted secondarily by publication year.

The taxonomic history of the valid species (since 1900) is listed at the bottom of the page.

Search the database pages:

Unionoida | Unionoidea | Unionidae | Ambleminae | Lampsilini | Cambarunio

species Cambarunio iris (Lea, 1829): nominal species
     15 specimens available.

Unio iris Lea, 1829
Lea, 1829, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 3 [O. 1]: 439, pl. 11, fig. 18.
Type(s): SYNTYPES USNM_86035, Cincinnati, Ohio.

Unio irisLea (1829), Jay (1835), Ferussac (1835), Hanley (1843), Adams & Adams (1857), Lapham (1860), Reeve (1865), Lewis (1871), B.H. Wright (1888), de Gregorio (1914)
Margarita (Unio) irisLea (1836), Lea (1838)
Margaron (Unio) irisLea (1852), Lea (1870)
Unio subrostratusConrad (1853), Küster (1861)
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) irisSimpson (1900)
Unio (s.s.) irisCall (1900)
Lampsilis irisOrtmann (1909), Ortmann (1909), Ortmann (1909), Ortmann (1910)
Eurynia (Micromya) irisOrtmann (1912), Utterback (1916)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) irisSimpson (1914)
Micromya irisOrtmann (1924), Ortmann (1925)
Lampsilis (Ligumia) nervosaFrierson (1927)
Ligumia nervosaHaas (1969)
Villosa irisBurch (1975), Mathiak (1979), Gordon et al. (1979), Mackie et al. (1980), ..., Gasparini et al. (2020), Klymus et al. (2020), Bolotov et al. (2020), Jeratthitikul et al. (2022)
Cambarunio irisWatters (2018), Pfeiffer et al. (2019), Graf & Cummings (2021), FMCS (2021), Hopper et al. (2023)

Unio zeiglerianus Lea, 1838
Lea, 1836, Synopsis Fam. Naiades: 26. [nomen nudum]
Lea, 1838, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 6 [O. 2]: 32, pl. 10, fig. 27.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_85130, Cumberland R., Tenn.

Unio zeiglerianusLea (1838), Conrad (1853), Sowerby (1866), B.H. Wright (1888)
Margarita (Unio) zeiglerianusLea (1836), Lea (1838)
Unio zieglerianusHanley (1843)
Margaron (Unio) zeiglerianusLea (1852)
Unio (Hyridella) zeiglerianusAdams & Adams (1857)
Margaron (Unio) zieglerianusLea (1870)
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) obscurusSimpson (1900)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) obscuraSimpson (1914)
Eurynia nebulosusOrtmann (1918)
Lampsilis (Ligumia) zeiglerianaFrierson (1927)
Ligumia zeiglerianaHaas (1969)
Villosa irisParmalee & Bogan (1998), Williams et al. (2008)
Leaunio vanuxemensisWatters (2018)

Unio tener Lea, 1840
Lea, 1840, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 1: 286.
Lea, 1842, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 8 [O. 3]: 198, pl. 10, fig. 10.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_85026, Big Pigeon R., Tenn.

Unio tenerLea (1840), Conrad (1853), B.H. Wright (1888)
Margaron (Unio) tenerLea (1852), Lea (1870)
Unio (Hyridella) tenerAdams & Adams (1857)
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) tenerSimpson (1900)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) teneraSimpson (1914)
Eurynia nebulosusOrtmann (1918)
Lampsilis (Ligumia) teneraFrierson (1927)
Ligumia teneraHaas (1969)
Villosa irisParmalee & Bogan (1998), Williams et al. (2008)
Cambarunio irisWatters (2018)

Unio creperus Lea, 1838
Lea, 1836, Synopsis Fam. Naiades: 28. [nomen nudum]
Lea, 1838, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 6 [O. 2]: 33, pl. 10, fig. 28.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE (MONOTYPY) USNM_85264, Tennessee.

Unio creperusLea (1838), Conrad (1853), B.H. Wright (1888)
Margarita (Unio) creperusLea (1836), Lea (1838)
Unio cresserusHanley (1843)
Margaron (Unio) creperusLea (1852), Lea (1870)
Unio (Hyridella) creperusAdams & Adams (1857)
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) irisSimpson (1900)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) irisSimpson (1914)
Eurynia nebulosusOrtmann (1918)
Lampsilis (Ligumia) nervosaFrierson (1927)
Ligumia nervosaHaas (1969)
Villosa irisOesch (1984), Parmalee & Bogan (1998), Williams et al. (2008)
Cambarunio irisWatters (2018)

Unio glaber Lea, 1838
Lea, 1836, Synopsis Fam. Naiades: 29. [nomen nudum]
Lea, 1838, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 6 [O. 2]: 34, pl. 10, fig. 29.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_85266, Holston R., Tenn.

Unio glaberLea (1838), Hanley (1843), Conrad (1853), Sowerby (1868), Lewis (1871), B.H. Wright (1888)
Margarita (Unio) glaberLea (1836), Lea (1838)
Margaron (Unio) glaberLea (1852), Lea (1870)
Unio (Hyridella) glaberAdams & Adams (1857)
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) nebulosusSimpson (1900)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) nebulosaSimpson (1914)
Unio glaber, aff.de Gregorio (1914)
Eurynia nebulosusOrtmann (1918)
Lampsilis (Ligumia) nebulosaFrierson (1927)
Ligumia nebulosaHaas (1969)
Villosa irisParmalee & Bogan (1998), Williams et al. (2008)
Cambarunio irisWatters (2018)

Unio novieboraci Lea, 1838
Lea, 1838, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 6 [O. 2]: 104, pl. 24, fig. 114 [as ‘novi-eboraci’].
Type(s): LECTOTYPE USNM_86042, Oak Orchard Cr., N.Y.

Unio novieboraciLea (1838)
Margarita (Unio) novi-eboraciLea (1838)
Unio novi eboraciHanley (1843)
Unio novi-eboraciDe Kay (1843), Conrad (1853), Küster (1861), Sowerby (1866), B.H. Wright (1888)
Margaron (Unio) novi-eboraciLea (1852), Lea (1870)
Unio (Hyridella) novi-eboraciAdams & Adams (1857)
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) irisSimpson (1900)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) irisSimpson (1914)
Micromya irisOrtmann (1925)
Lampsilis (Ligumia) nervosaFrierson (1927)
Ligumia (Micromya) iris novieboraciF.C. Baker (1928)
Ligumia nervosaHaas (1969)
Villosa irisOesch (1984), Strayer & Jirka (1997), Parmalee & Bogan (1998), Williams et al. (2008), Watters et al. (2009)
Cambarunio irisWatters (2018)

Unio obscurus Lea, 1838
Lea, 1836, Synopsis Fam. Naiades: 26. [nomen nudum]
Lea, 1838, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 6 [O. 2]: 7, pl. 3, fig. 7.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_85128, Tennessee.

Unio obscurusLea (1838), Hanley (1843), Küster (1861), B.H. Wright (1888), de Gregorio (1914)
Margarita (Unio) obscurusLea (1836), Lea (1838)
Margaron (Unio) obscurusLea (1852), Lea (1870)
Unio lienosusConrad (1853)
Unio (Hyridella) obscurusAdams & Adams (1857)
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) obscurusSimpson (1900)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) obscuraSimpson (1914)
Eurynia nebulosusOrtmann (1918)
Micromya nebulosaOrtmann (1924)
Lampsilis (Ligumia) vanuxemensisFrierson (1927)
Ligumia vanuxemensisHaas (1969)
Villosa nebulosaBurch (1975)
Villosa irisParmalee & Bogan (1998), Williams et al. (2008)
Leaunio vanuxemensisWatters (2018)

Unio amoenus Lea, 1840
Lea, 1840, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 1: 286 [as ‘amœnus’].
Lea, 1842, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 8 [O. 3]: 200, pl. 10, fig. 12 [as ‘amœnus’].
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_85070, Holston R., Tenn.

Unio amoenusLea (1840), Sowerby (1868)
Margaron (Unio) amœnusLea (1852), Lea (1870)
Unio amœnusConrad (1853), Lewis (1871), B.H. Wright (1888)
Unio amænusHanley (1856)
Unio (Hyridella) amoenusAdams & Adams (1857)
Unio (sec. Hyridella) amoenusPaetel (1890)
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) amœnusSimpson (1900)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) amoenaSimpson (1914)
Eurynia nebulosusOrtmann (1918)
Lampsilis (Ligumia) nervosaFrierson (1927)
Ligumia nervosaHaas (1969)
Villosa nebulosaBurch (1975)
Villosa irisParmalee & Bogan (1998), Williams et al. (2008)
Cambarunio irisWatters (2018)

Unio fatuus Lea, 1840
Lea, 1840, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 1: 287.
Lea, 1842, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 8 [O. 3]: 201, pl. 11, fig. 14.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_86047, Holston R., Tenn.

Unio fatuusLea (1840), Conrad (1853), Adams & Adams (1857), Küster (1862), B.H. Wright (1888)
Margaron (Unio) fatuusLea (1852), Lea (1870)
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) fatuusSimpson (1900)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) fatuaSimpson (1914)
Unio fatuus, var.de Gregorio (1914)
Eurynia nebulosusOrtmann (1918)
Lampsilis (Ligumia) nervosaFrierson (1927)
Ligumia nervosaHaas (1969)
Villosa irisParmalee & Bogan (1998), Williams et al. (2008)
Cambarunio irisWatters (2018)

Unio regularis Lea, 1841
Lea, 1841, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 2: 82.
Lea, 1842, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 8 [O. 3]: 243, pl. 25, fig. 59.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_85067, French Broad River, E Tenn.

Unio regularisLea (1841), Conrad (1853), Sowerby (1866), Sowerby (1868), B.H. Wright (1888)
Margaron (Unio) regularisLea (1852), Lea (1870)
Unio (Hyridella) regularisAdams & Adams (1857)
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) tenerSimpson (1900)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) teneraSimpson (1914)
Eurynia nebulosusOrtmann (1918)
Lampsilis (Ligumia) teneraFrierson (1927)
Ligumia teneraHaas (1969)
Villosa irisParmalee & Bogan (1998), Williams et al. (2008)
Cambarunio irisWatters (2018)

Unio puniceus Haldeman, 1842
Haldeman, 1842, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 8: 201.

Unio puniceusHaldeman (1842), Conrad (1853), Lewis (1871), B.H. Wright (1888)
Margaron (Unio) puniceusLea (1870)
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) puniceusSimpson (1900)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) puniceaSimpson (1914)
Eurynia nebulosusOrtmann (1918)
Lampsilis (Ligumia) vanuxemensisFrierson (1927)
Ligumia vanuxemensisHaas (1969)
Villosa irisParmalee & Bogan (1998), Williams et al. (2008)
Cambarunio irisWatters (2018)

Unio cresserus Hanley, 1843
‘Lea’ Hanley, 1843, Illustr. Descr. Cat. Rec. Bivalve Shells: 196.
(error for Unio creperus Lea, 1838)

Unio cresserusHanley (1843)
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) irisSimpson (1900)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) irisSimpson (1914)
Ligumia nervosaHaas (1969)
Villosa irisParmalee & Bogan (1998)

Unio radiatus De Kay, 1843
‘Gmelin’ De Kay, 1843, Zool. New York 5: 189, pl. 18. fig. 236.
(misidentified reference to Mya radiata Gmelin, 1791)

Unio radiatusDe Kay (1843), Conrad (1853)
Margaron (Unio) radiatusLea (1852), Lea (1870)
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) irisSimpson (1900)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) irisSimpson (1914)
Villosa irisOesch (1984), Parmalee & Bogan (1998)

Unio zieglerianus Hanley, 1843
‘Lea’ of Authors.
Hanley, 1843, Illustr. Descr. Cat. Rec. Bivalve Shells: 193.
Conrad, 1853, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 6: 260.
Lea, 1870, Synopsis Fam. Naiades: 45.
(error for Unio zeiglerianus Lea, 1838)

Unio zieglerianusHanley (1843)
Unio zeiglerianusConrad (1853)

Unio amaenus Lea, 1852
Lea, 1852, Synopsis Fam. Naiades: 29 [as ‘amænus’].
‘Lea’ Hanley, 1856, Cat. Rec. Bivalve Shells, Suppl.: 386 [as ‘amænus’].
(error for Unio amoenus Lea, 1840)

Unio amaenusLea (1852)

Unio perpictus Lea, 1860
Lea, 1860, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 12: 306.
Lea, 1860, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 4 [O. 8]: 350, pl. 58, fig. 175.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_85034, Bull R., Tenn.

Unio perpictusLea (1860), Lewis (1871), B.H. Wright (1888)
Margaron (Unio) perpictusLea (1870)
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) nebulosusSimpson (1900)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) nebulosaSimpson (1914)
Eurynia nebulosusOrtmann (1918)
Lampsilis (Ligumia) nebulosaFrierson (1927)
Ligumia nebulosaHaas (1969)
Villosa irisParmalee & Bogan (1998), Williams et al. (2008)
Cambarunio irisWatters (2018)

Unio scitulus Lea, 1860
Lea, 1860, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 12: 93.
Lea, 1860, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 4 [O. 8]: 42, pl. 55, fig. 167.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_85084, Tuscumbia, Alabama.

Unio scitulusLea (1860), B.H. Wright (1888)
Margaron (Unio) scitulusLea (1870)
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) nebulosusSimpson (1900)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) nebulosaSimpson (1914)
Eurynia nebulosusOrtmann (1918)
Micromya nebulosaOrtmann (1925)
Lampsilis (Ligumia) nebulosaFrierson (1927)
Ligumia nebulosaHaas (1969)
Villosa nebulosaBurch (1975)
Villosa irisParmalee & Bogan (1998), Williams et al. (2008)
Cambarunio irisWatters (2018)

Unio subrostratus Küster, 1861
‘Say’ Küster, 1861, Conchyl. Cab. 9(2): 203, pl. 67, fig. 3.
(misidentified reference to Unio subrostratus Say, 1831)

Unio subrostratusKüster (1861)
Unio irisFerussac (1835)
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) irisSimpson (1900)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) irisSimpson (1914)
Lampsilis (Ligumia) nebulosaFrierson (1927)
Villosa irisParmalee & Bogan (1998), Watters et al. (2009)

Unio subrostratus Küster, 1861
‘Say’ Küster, 1861, Conchyl. Cab. 9(2): 203, pl. 68, fig. 1.
(misidentified reference to Unio subrostratus Say, 1831)

Unio subrostratusKüster (1861)
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) subrostratusSimpson (1900)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) nebulosaSimpson (1914)

Unio cressurus Binney, 1864
Binney, 1864, Smithsonian Misc. Coll. (174): 57.
(error for Unio cresserus Hanley, 1843)

Unio cressurusBinney (1864)
Ligumia nervosaHaas (1969)

Unio subrostratus Reeve, 1864
‘Say’ Reeve, 1864, Conch. Icon. 16: pl. 17, sp. 78; errata [changed to ‘U. patulus Lea’].
(error for Unio patulus Lea, 1829; misidentified reference to Unio subrostratus Say, 1831)

Unio subrostratusReeve (1864)
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) irisSimpson (1900)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) irisSimpson (1914)
Lampsilis (Ligumia) nervosaFrierson (1927)

Unio opalinus J.G. Anthony, 1866
J.G. Anthony, 1866, Amer. J. Conch. 2(2): 146, pl. 7, fig. 2.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE MCZ_161893, Michigan.

Unio opalinusJ.G. Anthony (1866)
Margaron (Unio) novi-eboraciLea (1870)
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) irisSimpson (1900)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) irisSimpson (1914)
Lampsilis (Ligumia) fasciata-opalinaFrierson (1927)
Ligumia siliquoidea siliquoideaHaas (1969)
Villosa irisParmalee & Bogan (1998), Williams et al. (2008), Watters et al. (2009)
Cambarunio irisWatters (2018)

Unio dispansus Lea, 1871
Lea, 1871, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 23: 191.
Lea, 1874, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 8 [O. 13]: 19 [23], pl. 6, fig. 16.
Type(s): FIGURED SYNTYPE USNM_85094, E Tennessee.

Unio dispansusLea (1871), B.H. Wright (1888)
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) vanuxemensisSimpson (1900)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) vanuxemensisSimpson (1914)
Eurynia nebulosusOrtmann (1918)
Lampsilis (Ligumia) vanuxemensisFrierson (1927)
Ligumia vanuxemensisHaas (1969)
Villosa irisParmalee & Bogan (1998), Williams et al. (2008)
Leaunio vanuxemensisWatters (2018)

Lampsilis (Ligumia) nervosa Frierson, 1927
‘Rafinesque’ of Authors.
Frierson, 1927, Check List N. Amer. Naiades: 77, sp. 336.
Haas, 1969, Das Tierreich 88: 445.
(misidentified reference to Unio (Leptodea) nervosa Rafinesque, 1820)

Lampsilis (Ligumia) nervosaFrierson (1927)
Villosa irisParmalee & Bogan (1998), Watters et al. (2009)
Cambarunio irisWatters (2018)

Taxonomic History (since 1900)

Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) irisSimpson (1900)
Unio (s.s.) irisCall (1900)
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) nebulosusSimpson (1900)
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) obscurusSimpson (1900)
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) amœnusSimpson (1900)
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) fatuusSimpson (1900)
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) tenerSimpson (1900)
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) puniceusSimpson (1900)
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) subrostratusSimpson (1900)
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) vanuxemensisSimpson (1900)
Lampsilis irisOrtmann (1909), Ortmann (1909), Ortmann (1909), Ortmann (1910)
Eurynia (Micromya) irisOrtmann (1912), Utterback (1916)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) irisSimpson (1914)
Unio irisde Gregorio (1914)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) nebulosaSimpson (1914)
Unio glaber, aff.de Gregorio (1914)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) obscuraSimpson (1914)
Unio obscurusde Gregorio (1914)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) amoenaSimpson (1914)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) fatuaSimpson (1914)
Unio fatuus, var.de Gregorio (1914)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) teneraSimpson (1914)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) puniceaSimpson (1914)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) vanuxemensisSimpson (1914)
Eurynia nebulosusOrtmann (1918)
Micromya irisOrtmann (1924), Ortmann (1925)
Micromya nebulosaOrtmann (1924), Ortmann (1925)
Lampsilis (Ligumia) nervosaFrierson (1927)
Lampsilis (Ligumia) nebulosaFrierson (1927)
Lampsilis (Ligumia) vanuxemensisFrierson (1927)
Lampsilis (Ligumia) zeiglerianaFrierson (1927)
Lampsilis (Ligumia) teneraFrierson (1927)
Lampsilis (Ligumia) fasciata-opalinaFrierson (1927)
Ligumia (Micromya) iris novieboraciF.C. Baker (1928)
Ligumia nervosaHaas (1969)
Ligumia nebulosaHaas (1969)
Ligumia vanuxemensisHaas (1969)
Ligumia zeiglerianaHaas (1969)
Ligumia teneraHaas (1969)
Ligumia siliquoidea siliquoideaHaas (1969)
Villosa irisBurch (1975), Mathiak (1979), Gordon et al. (1979), Mackie et al. (1980), ..., Gasparini et al. (2020), Klymus et al. (2020), Bolotov et al. (2020), Jeratthitikul et al. (2022)
Villosa nebulosaBurch (1975)
Cambarunio irisWatters (2018), Pfeiffer et al. (2019), Graf & Cummings (2021), FMCS (2021), Hopper et al. (2023)
Leaunio vanuxemensisWatters (2018)

Page updated: 11:05:27 Thu 21 Mar 2024

 
NSF icon MUSSEL icon
"Making the world a better place, one mollusk at a time."