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Page last updated
Mon 06 May 2024

The Freshwater Mussels (Unionoida) of the World (and other less consequential bivalves)

FM(U)otW(aolcb) is the web version of the MUSSEL Project Database. Follow the links to browse the data or use the custom Google search field. Either way, you win!

Cladomics pages are experimental — even more so than the rest of this site!

The purpose of the cladomics pages for each genus and family-group level taxon is to provide statistics and references indicating the extent to which published phylogenetic work supports the classification used here.

The Cladomics Summary provides an overview of the number of studies that have included terminal species representing this taxon as well as an indication of how frequently it has been recovered as monophyletic.

Following the summary, the available published clades representing the taxon are listed.

For more information, visit the Cladomics FARQ (frequently asked rhetorical questions) page. Abbreviations for the various statistics are explained on the FARQ!

Search the database pages:

Bivalvia | Unionoida | Unionoidea | Unionidae | Unioninae

tribe LEPIDODESMINI Huang & Wu in Huang et al. 2019: cladomics
     1 genus

Cladomics Summary

number of species = 3
number of subtaxa (rank: genus) = 1

analyzed in 42 cladograms in 26 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis = 2, mean = 1.12
maximum number of subtaxa (genus) in an analysis = 1, mean = 1.0

Basic Monophyly

number of cladograms that test basic monophyly (i.e., more than 1 included species) = 5
maximum number of included terminals = 2, mean = 2.0
maximum number of subtaxa (genus) = 1, mean = 1.0
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly = 1.0

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 2-4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 121 68 4 --

*** Top Monophyly Cladogram *** *** Top Sister-Group Cladogram ***

  +-------------------------------- Acuticosta_chinensis       
  |                                                            
  +-------------------------------- Lepidodesma_languilati **     
  |                                                            
  |                    +----------- Aculamprotula_tortuosa     
  |     +--------------+                                       
  |     |              |  +-------- Aculamprotula_scripta      
  |     |              +--+                                    
  |     |                 |  +----- Aculamprotula_coreana      
  |     |                 +--+                                 
  |     |                    |  +-- Aculamprotula_fibrosa      
  |     |                    +--+                              
  +-----+                       +-- Aculamprotula_tientsinensis
  |     |                                                      
  |     |  +----------------------- Middendorffinaia_mongolica 
  |     |  |                                                   
  |     |  |                 +----- Unio_gibbus                
  |     |  |                 |                                 
  |     |  |  +--------------+----- Unio_tumidus               
  |     +--+  |              |                                 
  |        |  |              |  +-- Unio_crassus               
  |        |  |              +--+                              
  |        |  |                 +-- Unio_pictorum              
  |        |  |                                                
  |        |  |     +-------------- Nodularia_breviconcha      
  |        +--+  +--+                                          
  |           |  |  |  +----------- Nodularia[2]               
  |           |  |  +--+                                       
  |           |  |     |  +-------- Nodularia_nuxpersicae      
  |           |  |     +--+                                    
  |           |  |        |  +----- Nodularia_nipponensis      
  |           |  |        +--+                                 
  |           |  |           |  +-- Nodularia_douglasiae       
  |           +--+           +--+                              
  |              |              +-- Nodularia[1]               
  |              |                                             
--+              |              +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus  
  |              |  +-----------+                              
  |              |  |           +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus     
  |              |  |                                          
  |              |  |        +----- Cuneopsis_rufescens        
  |              |  +--------+                                 
  |              +--+        |  +-- Cuneopsis_heudei           
  |                 |        +--+                              
  |                 |           +-- Cuneopsis_celtiformis      
  |                 |                                          
  |                 |  +----------- Tchangsinaia_piscicula     
  |                 +--+                                       
  |                    |  +-------- Inversiunio_jokohamensis   
  |                    +--+                                    
  |                       |  +----- Inversiunio_verrucosus     
  |                       +--+                                 
  |                          |  +-- Inversiunio_reinianus      
  |                          +--+                              
  |                             +-- Inversiunio_yanagawensis   
  |                                                            
  |              +----------------- Lanceolaria_oxyrhyncha     
  |              |                                             
  |  +-----------+  +-------------- Lanceolaria_gladiola       
  |  |           |  |                                          
  |  |           +--+           +-- Lanceolaria_bilirata       
  |  |              |  +--------+                              
  |  |              |  |        +-- Lanceolaria_grayii         
  |  |              +--+                                       
  |  |                 |  +-------- Lanceolaria_acrorrhyncha   
  |  |                 +--+                                    
  |  |                    |  +----- Lanceolaria_kihirai        
  |  |                    +--+                                 
  |  |                       |  +-- Lanceolaria_lanceolata     
  |  |                       +--+                              
  |  |                          +-- Lanceolaria_triformis      
  |  |                                                         
  |  |                    +-------- Pseudanodonta_complanata   
  +--+                    |                                    
     |                    |  +----- Anodonta_cygnea            
     |                    +--+                                 
     |                    |  |  +-- Anodonta_anatina           
     |  +-----------------+  +--+                              
     |  |                 |     +-- Anodonta_nuttalliana       
     |  |                 |                                    
     |  |                 |  +----- Pyganodon_grandis          
     |  |                 |  |                                 
     |  |                 |  +----- Simpsonaias_ambigua        
     |  |                 +--+                                 
     |  |                    +----- Strophitus_undulatus       
     |  |                    |                                 
     |  |                    |  +-- Alasmidonta_marginata      
     |  |                    +--+                              
     |  |                       +-- Lasmigona_costata          
     +--+                                                      
        |                       +-- Cristaria_plicata          
        |  +--------------------+                              
        |  |                    +-- Cristaria_clessini         
        |  |                                                   
        |  |        +-------------- Anemina_arcaeformis        
        |  |        |                                          
        |  +--------+  +----------- Amuranodonta_kijaensis     
        |  |        |  |                                       
        |  |        +--+  +-------- Buldowskia_suifunica       
        |  |           |  |                                    
        |  |           +--+     +-- Buldowskia_flavotincta     
        +--+              |  +--+                              
           |              |  |  +-- Buldowskia_shadini         
           |              +--+                                 
           |                 |  +-- Buldowskia_iwakawai        
           |                 +--+                              
           |                    +-- Buldowskia_kamiyai         
           |                                                   
           |  +-------------------- Pletholophus_tenuis        
           |  |                                                
           |  |           +-------- Beringiana_japonica        
           |  |  +--------+                                    
           +--+  |        |  +----- Beringiana_beringiana      
              |  |        +--+                                 
              |  |           |  +-- Beringiana_fukuharai       
              |  |           +--+                              
              +--+              +-- Beringiana_gosannensis     
                 |                                             
                 |              +-- Sinanodonta_angula         
                 |  +-----------+                              
                 |  |           +-- Sinanodonta_lucida         
                 |  |                                          
                 +--+  +----------- Sinanodonta_schrenkii      
                    |  |                                       
                    |  |        +-- Sinanodonta_calipygos      
                    |  +--------+                              
                    +--+        +-- Sinanodonta_tumens         
                       |                                       
                       |  +-------- Sinanodonta_woodiana[2]    
                       |  |                                    
                       +--+  +----- Sinanodonta_elliptica      
                          |  |                                 
                          +--+----- Sinanodonta_jourdyi        
                             |                                 
                             |  +-- Sinanodonta_lauta          
                             +--+                              
                                +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana[1]

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4, S5-aa

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 1 94 45 4 -- 
                             +-- Lepidodesma_aligera **         
  +--------------------------+                               
  |                          +-- Lepidodesma_languilati **      
  |                                                          
  |                    +-------- Aculamprotula_tortuosa      
  |                    |                                     
  |     +--------------+     +-- Aculamprotula_coreana       
  |     |              |  +--+                               
  |     |              |  |  +-- Aculamprotula_tientsinensis 
  |     |              +--+                                  
  |     |                 |  +-- Aculamprotula_polysticta    
  |     |                 +--+                               
  |     |                    +-- Aculamprotula_scripta       
  |     |                                                    
  |  +--+        +-------------- Unio_tumidus                
  |  |  |  +-----+                                           
  |  |  |  |     |  +----------- Unio_crassus                
  |  |  |  |     +--+                                        
--+  |  |  |        |  +-------- Unio_elongatulus            
  |  |  |  |        +--+                                     
  |  |  |  |           |  +----- Unio_pictorum               
  |  |  |  |           +--+                                  
  |  |  |  |              |  +-- Unio_delphinus              
  |  |  +--+              +--+                               
  |  |     |                 +-- Unio_mancus                 
  |  |     |                                                 
  |  |     |                 +-- Nodularia_breviconcha       
  |  |     |              +--+                               
  |  |     |              |  +-- Nodularia_nipponensis       
  |  |     |  +-----------+                                  
  |  |     |  |           |  +-- Pseudocuneopsis_capitata    
  |  |     |  |           +--+                               
  |  |     +--+              +-- Pseudocuneopsis_sichuanensis
  |  |        |                                              
  |  |        |  +-------------- Tchangsinaia_piscicula      
  |  |        |  |                                           
  +--+        +--+           +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus   
     |           |  +--------+                               
     |           |  |        +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus      
     |           +--+                                        
     |              |  +-------- Cuneopsis_rufescens         
     |              +--+                                     
     |                 |  +----- Cuneopsis_celtiformis       
     |                 +--+                                  
     |                    |  +-- Cuneopsis_demangei          
     |                    +--+                               
     |                       +-- Cuneopsis_heudei            
     |                                                       
     |                 +-------- Acuticosta_chinensis        
     |        +--------+                                     
     |        |        |  +----- Lanceolaria_gladiola        
     |        |        +--+                                  
     |        |           |  +-- Lanceolaria_grayii          
     |        |           +--+                               
     |        |              +-- Lanceolaria_lanceolata      
     |        |                                              
     |        |           +----- Cristaria_plicata           
     |        |     +-----+                                  
     |        |     |     |  +-- Anemina_arcaeformis         
     +--------+     |     +--+                               
              |  +--+        +-- Anemina_euscaphys           
              |  |  |                                        
              |  |  |  +-------- Beringiana_fukuharai        
              |  |  +--+                                     
              |  |     |  +----- Sinanodonta_lucida          
              |  |     +--+                                  
              |  |        |  +-- Sinanodonta_tumens          
              |  |        +--+                               
              |  |           +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana        
              +--+                                           
                 |           +-- Anodonta_nuttalliana        
                 |     +-----+                               
                 |     |     +-- Pseudanodonta_complanata    
                 |  +--+                                     
                 |  |  |  +----- Anodonta_anatina            
                 |  |  +--+                                  
                 |  |     |  +-- Anodonta_cygnea             
                 |  |     +--+                               
                 |  |        +-- Anodonta_exulcerata         
                 +--+                                        
                    |     +----- Pyganodon_grandis           
                    |  +--+                                  
                    |  |  |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis    
                    |  |  +--+                               
                    |  |     +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis      
                    +--+                                     
                       |     +-- Alasmidonta_varicosa        
                       |  +--+                               
                       |  |  +-- Platynaias_compressa        
                       +--+                                  
                          |  +-- Prolasmidonta_heterodon     
                          +--+                               
                             +-- Lasmigona_complanata

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4, S5-nt

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 1 95 46 4 -- 
                                +-- Lepidodesma_aligera **         
  +-----------------------------+                               
  |                             +-- Lepidodesma_languilati **      
  |                                                             
  |                       +-------- Acuticosta_chinensis        
  |        +--------------+                                     
  |        |              |  +----- Lanceolaria_gladiola        
  |        |              +--+                                  
  |        |                 |  +-- Lanceolaria_grayii          
  |        |                 +--+                               
  |        |                    +-- Lanceolaria_lanceolata      
  |        |                                                    
  |        |        +-------------- Cristaria_plicata           
  |  +-----+        |                                           
  |  |     |  +-----+           +-- Anemina_arcaeformis         
  |  |     |  |     |  +--------+                               
  |  |     |  |     |  |        +-- Anemina_euscaphys           
  |  |     |  |     +--+                                        
--+  |     |  |        |  +-------- Beringiana_fukuharai        
  |  |     |  |        +--+                                     
  |  |     |  |           |  +----- Sinanodonta_lucida          
  |  |     |  |           +--+                                  
  |  |     +--+              |  +-- Sinanodonta_tumens          
  |  |        |              +--+                               
  |  |        |                 +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana        
  |  |        |                                                 
  |  |        |  +----------------- Anodonta_nuttalliana        
  |  |        |  |                                              
  |  |        |  +----------------- Pseudanodonta_complanata    
  |  |        |  |                                              
  |  |        +--+  +-------------- Anodonta_cygnea             
  |  |           |  |                                           
  |  |           |  |           +-- Anodonta_exulcerata         
  |  |           |  +-----------+                               
  |  |           |  |           +-- Anodonta_anatina            
  |  |           +--+                                           
  +--+              |        +----- Pyganodon_grandis           
     |              |  +-----+                                  
     |              |  |     |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis      
     |              |  |     +--+                               
     |              +--+        +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis    
     |                 |                                        
     |                 |  +-------- Lasmigona_complanata        
     |                 +--+                                     
     |                    |  +----- Prolasmidonta_heterodon     
     |                    +--+                                  
     |                       |  +-- Alasmidonta_varicosa        
     |                       +--+                               
     |                          +-- Platynaias_compressa        
     |                                                          
     |                    +-------- Aculamprotula_tortuosa      
     |                    |                                     
     |  +-----------------+     +-- Aculamprotula_coreana       
     |  |                 |  +--+                               
     |  |                 |  |  +-- Aculamprotula_tientsinensis 
     |  |                 +--+                                  
     |  |                    |  +-- Aculamprotula_polysticta    
     |  |                    +--+                               
     |  |                       +-- Aculamprotula_scripta       
     |  |                                                       
     +--+              +----------- Unio_tumidus                
        |              |                                        
        |  +-----------+  +-------- Unio_crassus                
        |  |           |  |                                     
        |  |           +--+  +----- Unio_elongatulus            
        |  |              |  |                                  
        |  |              +--+  +-- Unio_delphinus              
        |  |                 |  |                               
        |  |                 +--+-- Unio_mancus                 
        +--+                    |                               
           |                    +-- Unio_pictorum               
           |                                                    
           |                    +-- Pseudocuneopsis_capitata    
           |  +-----------------+                               
           |  |                 +-- Pseudocuneopsis_sichuanensis
           |  |                                                 
           +--+                 +-- Nodularia_breviconcha       
              |  +--------------+                               
              |  |              +-- Nodularia_nipponensis       
              |  |                                              
              +--+           +----- Tchangsinaia_piscicula      
                 |  +--------+                                  
                 |  |        |  +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus[2]
                 |  |        +--+                               
                 +--+           +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus      
                    |                                           
                    |  +----------- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus[1]
                    +--+                                        
                       |  +-------- Cuneopsis_rufescens         
                       +--+                                     
                          |  +----- Cuneopsis_celtiformis       
                          +--+                                  
                             |  +-- Cuneopsis_demangei          
                             +--+                               
                                +-- Cuneopsis_heudei

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 1 17 9 1 -- 
              +-- Lepidodesma_languilati **  
  +-----------+                           
  |           +-- Lepidodesma_aligera **     
  |                                       
  |     +-------- Anemina_arcaeformis     
--+  +--+                                 
  |  |  |  +----- Cristaria_plicata       
  |  |  +--+                              
  |  |     |  +-- Sinanodonta_tumens      
  |  |     +--+                           
  +--+        +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana    
     |                                    
     |        +-- Platynaias              
     |  +-----+                           
     |  |     +-- Platynaias_compressa    
     +--+                                 
        |  +----- Anodonta_anatina        
        +--+                              
           |  +-- Pseudanodonta_complanata
           +--+                           
              +-- Anodonta_cygnea

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8a, S1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 1 90 45 4 -- 
                             +-- Lepidodesma_aligera **         
  +--------------------------+                               
  |                          +-- Lepidodesma_languilati **      
  |                                                          
  |                    +-------- Aculamprotula_tortuosa      
  |                    |                                     
  |     +--------------+     +-- Aculamprotula_coreana       
  |     |              |  +--+                               
  |     |              |  |  +-- Aculamprotula_tientsinensis 
  |     |              +--+                                  
  |     |                 |  +-- Aculamprotula_polysticta    
  |     |                 +--+                               
  |     |                    +-- Aculamprotula_scripta       
  |     |                                                    
  |  +--+        +-------------- Unio_tumidus                
  |  |  |  +-----+                                           
  |  |  |  |     |  +----------- Unio_crassus                
  |  |  |  |     +--+                                        
--+  |  |  |        |  +-------- Unio_elongatulus            
  |  |  |  |        +--+                                     
  |  |  |  |           |  +----- Unio_pictorum               
  |  |  |  |           +--+                                  
  |  |  |  |              |  +-- Unio_delphinus              
  |  |  +--+              +--+                               
  |  |     |                 +-- Unio_mancus                 
  |  |     |                                                 
  |  |     |                 +-- Nodularia_breviconcha       
  |  |     |  +--------------+                               
  |  |     |  |              +-- Nodularia_douglasiae        
  |  |     |  |                                              
  |  |     |  |              +-- Pseudocuneopsis_capitata    
  |  |     |  +--------------+                               
  |  |     +--+              +-- Pseudocuneopsis_sichuanensis
  |  |        |                                              
  |  |        |              +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus   
  |  |        |  +-----------+                               
  +--+        |  |           +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus      
     |        +--+                                           
     |           |  +----------- Tchangsinaia_piscicula      
     |           +--+                                        
     |              |  +-------- Cuneopsis_rufescens         
     |              +--+                                     
     |                 |  +----- Cuneopsis_celtiformis       
     |                 +--+                                  
     |                    |  +-- Cuneopsis_demangei          
     |                    +--+                               
     |                       +-- Cuneopsis_heudei            
     |                                                       
     |                 +-------- Acuticosta_chinensis        
     |  +--------------+                                     
     |  |              |  +----- Lanceolaria_gladiola        
     |  |              +--+                                  
     |  |                 |  +-- Lanceolaria_grayii          
     |  |                 +--+                               
     |  |                    +-- Lanceolaria_lanceolata      
     |  |                                                    
     |  |        +-------------- Cristaria_plicata           
     |  |        |                                           
     +--+  +-----+           +-- Anemina_arcaeformis         
        |  |     |  +--------+                               
        |  |     |  |        +-- Anemina_euscaphys           
        |  |     +--+                                        
        |  |        |  +-------- Beringiana_fukuharai        
        |  |        +--+                                     
        |  |           |  +----- Sinanodonta_lucida          
        |  |           +--+                                  
        |  |              |  +-- Sinanodonta_tumens          
        +--+              +--+                               
           |                 +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana        
           |                                                 
           |           +-------- Pseudanodonta_complanata    
           |  +--------+                                     
           |  |        |  +----- Anodonta_anatina            
           |  |        +--+                                  
           |  |           |  +-- Anodonta_cygnea             
           |  |           +--+                               
           +--+              +-- Anodonta_exulcerata         
              |                                              
              |  +-------------- Anodonta_nuttalliana        
              |  |                                           
              |  |        +----- Pyganodon_grandis           
              +--+  +-----+                                  
                 |  |     |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis      
                 |  |     +--+                               
                 +--+        +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis    
                    |                                        
                    |  +-------- Lasmigona_complanata        
                    +--+                                     
                       |  +----- Prolasmidonta_heterodon     
                       +--+                                  
                          |  +-- Alasmidonta_varicosa        
                          +--+                               
                             +-- Platynaias_compressa

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8b, S2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 1 90 45 4 -- 
                             +-- Lepidodesma_aligera **         
  +--------------------------+                               
  |                          +-- Lepidodesma_languilati **      
  |                                                          
  |                    +-------- Aculamprotula_tortuosa      
  |                    |                                     
  |     +--------------+     +-- Aculamprotula_coreana       
  |     |              |  +--+                               
  |     |              |  |  +-- Aculamprotula_tientsinensis 
  |     |              +--+                                  
  |     |                 |  +-- Aculamprotula_polysticta    
  |     |                 +--+                               
  |     |                    +-- Aculamprotula_scripta       
  |     |                                                    
  |  +--+        +-------------- Unio_tumidus                
  |  |  |  +-----+                                           
  |  |  |  |     |  +----------- Unio_crassus                
  |  |  |  |     +--+                                        
--+  |  |  |        |  +-------- Unio_elongatulus            
  |  |  |  |        +--+                                     
  |  |  |  |           |  +----- Unio_pictorum               
  |  |  |  |           +--+                                  
  |  |  |  |              |  +-- Unio_delphinus              
  |  |  +--+              +--+                               
  |  |     |                 +-- Unio_mancus                 
  |  |     |                                                 
  |  |     |                 +-- Nodularia_breviconcha       
  |  |     |  +--------------+                               
  |  |     |  |              +-- Nodularia_douglasiae        
  |  |     |  |                                              
  |  |     |  |              +-- Pseudocuneopsis_capitata    
  |  |     |  +--------------+                               
  |  |     +--+              +-- Pseudocuneopsis_sichuanensis
  |  |        |                                              
  |  |        |              +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus   
  +--+        |  +-----------+                               
     |        |  |           +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus      
     |        +--+                                           
     |           |  +----------- Tchangsinaia_piscicula      
     |           +--+                                        
     |              |  +-------- Cuneopsis_rufescens         
     |              +--+                                     
     |                 |  +----- Cuneopsis_celtiformis       
     |                 +--+                                  
     |                    |  +-- Cuneopsis_demangei          
     |                    +--+                               
     |                       +-- Cuneopsis_heudei            
     |                                                       
     |                 +-------- Acuticosta_chinensis        
     |  +--------------+                                     
     |  |              |  +----- Lanceolaria_gladiola        
     |  |              +--+                                  
     |  |                 |  +-- Lanceolaria_grayii          
     |  |                 +--+                               
     |  |                    +-- Lanceolaria_lanceolata      
     |  |                                                    
     |  |        +-------------- Cristaria_plicata           
     +--+        |                                           
        |  +-----+           +-- Anemina_arcaeformis         
        |  |     |  +--------+                               
        |  |     |  |        +-- Anemina_euscaphys           
        |  |     +--+                                        
        |  |        |  +-------- Beringiana_fukuharai        
        |  |        +--+                                     
        |  |           |  +----- Sinanodonta_lucida          
        |  |           +--+                                  
        +--+              |  +-- Sinanodonta_tumens          
           |              +--+                               
           |                 +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana        
           |                                                 
           |  +----------------- Anodonta_nuttalliana        
           |  |                                              
           |  |        +-------- Pseudanodonta_complanata    
           |  |  +-----+                                     
           +--+  |     |  +----- Anodonta_anatina            
              |  |     +--+                                  
              |  |        |  +-- Anodonta_cygnea             
              |  |        +--+                               
              +--+           +-- Anodonta_exulcerata         
                 |                                           
                 |        +----- Pyganodon_grandis           
                 |  +-----+                                  
                 |  |     |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis      
                 |  |     +--+                               
                 +--+        +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis    
                    |                                        
                    |  +-------- Lasmigona_complanata        
                    +--+                                     
                       |  +----- Prolasmidonta_heterodon     
                       +--+                                  
                          |  +-- Alasmidonta_varicosa        
                          +--+                               
                             +-- Platynaias_compressa

Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 33 13 4 -- 
     +-- Lanceolaria_grayii       
  +--+                            
  |  +-- Lanceolaria_lanceolata   
--+                               
  |  +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus
  +--+                            
     +-- Lepidodesma_languilati **

Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 33 13 4 -- 
  +-------- Strophitus_radiatus      
  |                                  
  +-------- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus
  |                                  
  +-------- Lepidodesma_languilati **   
  |                                  
  +-------- Acuticosta_ovata         
  |                                  
  |     +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana     
  +-----+                            
  |     +-- Cristaria_plicata        
--+                                  
  |     +-- Lanceolaria_grayii       
  +-----+                            
  |     +-- Lanceolaria_lanceolata   
  |                                  
  |     +-- Nodularia_douglasiae     
  +-----+                            
  |     +-- Tchangsinaia_piscicula   
  |                                  
  |  +----- Utterbackia_imbecillis   
  |  |                               
  +--+----- Utterbackiana_couperiana 
     |                               
     |  +-- Alasmidonta_triangulata  
     +--+                            
        +-- Lasmigona_costata

Zhou et al., 2016 [Publ 3710], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 19 8 2 -- 
              +----- Lepidodesma_languilati **   
  +-----------+                               
  |           |  +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus
  |           +--+                            
--+              +-- Unio_pictorum            
  |                                           
  |  +-------------- Sinanodonta_woodiana     
  +--+                                        
     |  +----------- Cristaria_plicata        
     +--+                                     
        |  +-------- Platynaias_compressa     
        +--+                                  
           |  +----- Pyganodon_grandis        
           +--+                               
              |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis   
              +--+                            
                 +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis

Wen et al., 2017 [Publ 3795], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 15 6 2 -- 
     +-- Aculamprotula_coreana 
  +--+                         
  |  +-- Aculamprotula_tortuosa
--+                            
  |  +-- Lepidodesma_languilati **
  +--+                         
     +-- Unio_pictorum

Sano et al., 2017 [Publ 3799], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 35 23 4 -- 
     +-------- Lepidodesma_languilati **     
  +--+                                    
  |  |  +----- Lanceolaria_grayii[1]      
  |  +--+                                 
  |     |  +-- Lanceolaria_lanceolata     
--+     +--+                              
  |        +-- Lanceolaria_grayii[2]      
  |                                       
  |  +-------- Inversiunio_jokohamensis   
  |  |                                    
  +--+  +----- Inversiunio_yanagawensis[3]
     |  |                                 
     +--+  +-- Inversiunio_yanagawensis[1]
        |  |                              
        +--+-- Inversiunio_yanagawensis[2]
           |                              
           +-- Inversiunio_reinianus

Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 3836], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 52 32 4 -- 
  +----------------------- Lepidodesma_languilati **     
  |                                                   
  |           +----------- Aculamprotula_tortuosa     
  |     +-----+                                       
  |     |     |  +-------- Aculamprotula_scripta      
  |     |     +--+                                    
  |     |        |  +----- Aculamprotula_coreana      
  |     |        +--+                                 
  |     |           |  +-- Aculamprotula_fibrosa      
  +-----+           +--+                              
  |     |              +-- Aculamprotula_tientsinensis
  |     |                                             
  |     |              +-- Unio_crassus               
  |     |  +-----------+                              
  |     |  |           +-- Unio_pictorum              
  |     |  |                                          
  |     +--+        +----- Nodularia_douglasiae       
  |        |  +-----+                                 
  |        |  |     |  +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus  
--+        |  |     +--+                              
  |        +--+        +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus     
  |           |                                       
  |           |  +-------- Tchangsinaia_piscicula     
  |           +--+                                    
  |              |  +----- Cuneopsis_rufescens        
  |              +--+                                 
  |                 |  +-- Cuneopsis_celtiformis      
  |                 +--+                              
  |                    +-- Cuneopsis_heudei           
  |                                                   
  |           +----------- Acuticosta_chinensis       
  |  +--------+                                       
  |  |        |  +-------- Lanceolaria_gladiola       
  |  |        +--+                                    
  |  |           |  +----- Lanceolaria_grayii         
  |  |           +--+                                 
  |  |              |  +-- Lanceolaria_lanceolata     
  |  |              +--+                              
  |  |                 +-- Lanceolaria_triformis      
  +--+                                                
     |           +-------- Anemina_arcaeformis        
     |           |                                    
     |           +-------- Cristaria_plicata          
     |  +--------+                                    
     |  |        |     +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana       
     |  |        |  +--+                              
     |  |        |  |  +-- Sinanodonta_elliptica      
     |  |        +--+                                 
     +--+           |  +-- Sinanodonta_lucida         
        |           +--+                              
        |              +-- Sinanodonta_angula         
        |                                             
        |  +-------------- Anodonta_cygnea            
        |  |                                          
        +--+  +----------- Anodonta_anatina           
           |  |                                       
           +--+  +-------- Strophitus_undulatus       
              |  |                                    
              +--+  +----- Platynaias_compressa       
                 |  |                                 
                 +--+----- Alasmidonta_marginata      
                    |                                 
                    |  +-- Pyganodon_cataracta        
                    +--+                              
                       +-- Pyganodon_grandis

Soroka & Burzynski, 2017 [Publ 3837], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 23 23 3 -- 
                    +-- Lanceolaria_lanceolata     
  +-----------------+                              
  |                 +-- Lanceolaria_grayii         
  |                                                
--+  +----------------- Lepidodesma_languilati **     
  |  |                                             
  |  |           +----- Aculamprotula_tortuosa     
  +--+  +--------+                                 
     |  |        |  +-- Aculamprotula_tientsinensis
     |  |        +--+                              
     |  |           +-- Aculamprotula_coreana      
     +--+                                          
        |        +----- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus  
        |  +-----+                                 
        |  |     |  +-- Tchangsinaia_piscicula     
        |  |     +--+                              
        +--+        +-- Nodularia_douglasiae       
           |                                       
           |  +-------- Unio_tumidus               
           +--+                                    
              |  +----- Unio_crassus               
              +--+                                 
                 |  +-- Unio_pictorum              
                 +--+                              
                    +-- Unio_delphinus

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 43 27 4 -- 
           +----------- Cristaria_plicata        
  +--------+                                     
  |        |  +-------- Lanceolaria_gladiola     
  |        +--+                                  
  |           |  +----- Lanceolaria_grayii       
  |           +--+                               
  |              |  +-- Lanceolaria_lanceolata   
--+              +--+                            
  |                 +-- Lanceolaria_triformis    
  |                                              
  |  +----------------- Lepidodesma_languilati **   
  |  |                                           
  |  |              +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus
  +--+  +-----------+                            
     |  |           +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus   
     |  |                                        
     +--+        +----- Nodularia_douglasiae[1]  
        |  +-----+                               
        |  |     |  +-- Nodularia_douglasiae[2]  
        |  |     +--+                            
        +--+        +-- Nodularia_nuxpersicae    
           |                                     
           |  +-------- Cuneopsis_rufescens      
           +--+                                  
              |  +----- Tchangsinaia_piscicula   
              +--+                               
                 |  +-- Cuneopsis_heudei         
                 +--+                            
                    +-- Cuneopsis_celtiformis

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 203 44 4 -- 
  +-------------------------------- Acuticosta_chinensis       
  |                                                            
  |  +----------------------------- Lepidodesma_languilati **     
  |  |                                                         
  |  |                    +-------- Aculamprotula_tortuosa     
  |  |                    |                                    
  |  |        +-----------+  +----- Aculamprotula_coreana      
  |  |        |           |  |                                 
  |  |        |           +--+----- Aculamprotula_scripta      
  |  |        |              |                                 
  |  |        |              |  +-- Aculamprotula_fibrosa      
  |  |        |              +--+                              
  |  |        |                 +-- Aculamprotula_tientsinensis
--+  +--------+                                                
  |  |        |           +-------- Unio_tumidus               
  |  |        |  +--------+                                    
  |  |        |  |        |  +----- Unio_crassus               
  |  |        |  |        +--+                                 
  |  |        |  |           |  +-- Unio_delphinus             
  |  |        |  |           +--+                              
  |  |        +--+              +-- Unio_pictorum              
  |  |           |                                             
  |  |           |              +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus  
  |  |           |  +-----------+                              
  |  |           |  |           +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus     
  |  |           |  |                                          
  |  |           +--+        +----- Nodularia_douglasiae[1]    
  +--+              |  +-----+                                 
     |              |  |     |  +-- Nodularia_douglasiae[2]    
     |              |  |     +--+                              
     |              +--+        +-- Nodularia_nuxpersicae      
     |                 |                                       
     |                 |  +-------- Tchangsinaia_piscicula     
     |                 +--+                                    
     |                    |  +----- Cuneopsis_rufescens        
     |                    +--+                                 
     |                       |  +-- Cuneopsis_heudei           
     |                       +--+                              
     |                          +-- Cuneopsis_celtiformis      
     |                                                         
     |                    +-------- Lanceolaria_gladiola       
     |                    |                                    
     |  +-----------------+  +----- Lanceolaria_grayii[1]      
     |  |                 |  |                                 
     |  |                 +--+----- Lanceolaria_grayii[2]      
     |  |                    |                                 
     |  |                    |  +-- Lanceolaria_lanceolata     
     |  |                    +--+                              
     |  |                       +-- Lanceolaria_triformis      
     |  |                                                      
     |  |     +-------------------- Anemina_arcaeformis        
     |  |     |                                                
     |  |  +--+  +----------------- Cristaria_plicata          
     +--+  |  |  |                                             
        |  |  +--+  +-------------- Pletholophus_tenuis        
        |  |     |  |                                          
        |  |     +--+           +-- Sinanodonta_angula         
        |  |        |  +--------+                              
        |  |        |  |        +-- Sinanodonta_lucida         
        |  |        +--+                                       
        |  |           |  +-------- Sinanodonta_woodiana[2]    
        |  |           +--+                                    
        |  |              |  +----- Sinanodonta_jourdyi        
        |  |              +--+                                 
        +--+                 |  +-- Sinanodonta_elliptica      
           |                 +--+                              
           |                    +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana[1]    
           |                                                   
           |              +-------- Alasmidonta_marginata      
           |              |                                    
           |              +-------- Lasmigona_costata          
           |              |                                    
           |              +-------- Pseudanodonta_complanata   
           |              |                                    
           |              +-------- Simpsonaias_ambigua        
           |              |                                    
           +--------------+-------- Strophitus_undulatus       
                          |                                    
                          |  +----- Anodonta_anatina           
                          +--+                                 
                          |  |  +-- Anodonta_cygnea            
                          |  +--+                              
                          |     +-- Anodonta_nuttalliana       
                          |                                    
                          |  +----- Pyganodon_grandis          
                          +--+                                 
                             |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis     
                             +--+                              
                                +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 56 26 4 -- 
  +----------------------------- Lepidodesma_languilati **     
  |                                                         
  |                    +-------- Aculamprotula_tortuosa     
  |              +-----+                                    
  |              |     |  +----- Aculamprotula_scripta      
  |              |     +--+                                 
  |              |        |  +-- Aculamprotula_tientsinensis
  |              |        +--+                              
  |  +-----------+           +-- Aculamprotula_coreana      
--+  |           |                                          
  |  |           |        +----- Nodularia_douglasiae       
  |  |           |  +-----+                                 
  |  |           |  |     |  +-- Tchangsinaia_piscicula     
  |  |           |  |     +--+                              
  |  |           +--+        +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus  
  |  |              |                                       
  |  |              |  +-------- Unio_tumidus               
  |  |              +--+                                    
  +--+                 |  +----- Unio_crassus               
     |                 +--+                                 
     |                    |  +-- Unio_delphinus             
     |                    +--+                              
     |                       +-- Unio_pictorum              
     |                                                      
     |                    +----- Lanceolaria_gladiola       
     |  +-----------------+                                 
     |  |                 |  +-- Lanceolaria_lanceolata     
     |  |                 +--+                              
     |  |                    +-- Lanceolaria_grayii         
     +--+                                                   
        |  +-------------------- Acuticosta_chinensis       
        |  |                                                
        |  |           +-------- Cristaria_plicata          
        |  |           |                                    
        +--+  +--------+     +-- Sinanodonta_lucida         
           |  |        |  +--+                              
           |  |        |  |  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana       
           |  |        +--+                                 
           +--+           |  +-- Anemina_arcaeformis        
              |           +--+                              
              |              +-- Anemina_euscaphys          
              |                                             
              |  +-------------- Anodonta_cygnea            
              +--+                                          
                 |  +----------- Anodonta_anatina           
                 +--+                                       
                    |  +-------- Lasmigona_costata          
                    +--+                                    
                       |  +----- Pyganodon_grandis          
                       +--+                                 
                          |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis     
                          +--+                              
                             +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 81 61 4 -- 
                       +-- Lepidodesma_languilati **     
  +--------------------+                              
  |                    +-- Cristaria_plicata          
  |                                                   
  |           +----------- Lanceolaria_gladiola       
  |           |                                       
  |           |  +-------- Lanceolaria_grayii[5]      
  |  +--------+  |                                    
  |  |        |  |     +-- Lanceolaria_lanceolata     
  |  |        |  +-----+                              
  |  |        |  |     +-- Lanceolaria_triformis      
--+  |        +--+                                    
  |  |           |  +----- Lanceolaria_grayii[4]      
  |  |           |  |                                 
  |  |           |  |  +-- Lanceolaria_eucylindrica[1]
  |  |           |  |  |                              
  |  |           +--+  +-- Lanceolaria_eucylindrica[2]
  |  |              |  |                              
  |  |              |  +-- Lanceolaria_eucylindrica[3]
  |  |              |  |                              
  |  |              +--+-- Lanceolaria_eucylindrica[4]
  +--+                 |                              
     |                 +-- Lanceolaria_grayii[1]      
     |                 |                              
     |                 +-- Lanceolaria_grayii[2]      
     |                 |                              
     |                 +-- Lanceolaria_grayii[3]      
     |                                                
     |        +----------- Aculamprotula_tortuosa     
     |  +-----+                                       
     |  |     |  +-------- Aculamprotula_tientsinensis
     |  |     +--+                                    
     |  |        |  +----- Aculamprotula_fibrosa      
     |  |        +--+                                 
     |  |           |  +-- Aculamprotula_coreana      
     +--+           +--+                              
        |              +-- Aculamprotula_scripta      
        |                                             
        |           +----- Nodularia_douglasiae[1]    
        |  +--------+                                 
        |  |        |  +-- Nodularia_nuxpersicae      
        |  |        +--+                              
        +--+           +-- Nodularia_douglasiae[2]    
           |                                          
           |  +----------- Tchangsinaia_piscicula     
           |  |                                       
           +--+        +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus     
              |  +-----+                              
              |  |     +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus  
              +--+                                    
                 |  +----- Cuneopsis_rufescens        
                 +--+                                 
                    |  +-- Cuneopsis_heudei           
                    +--+                              
                       +-- Cuneopsis_celtiformis

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 200 42 4 -- 
                          +-------- Aculamprotula_tortuosa     
                          |                                    
              +-----------+     +-- Aculamprotula_coreana      
              |           |  +--+                              
              |           |  |  +-- Aculamprotula_scripta      
              |           +--+                                 
              |              |  +-- Aculamprotula_fibrosa      
              |              +--+                              
              |                 +-- Aculamprotula_tientsinensis
  +-----------+                                                
  |           |           +-------- Unio_tumidus               
  |           |  +--------+                                    
  |           |  |        |  +----- Unio_crassus               
  |           |  |        +--+                                 
  |           |  |           |  +-- Unio_delphinus             
  |           |  |           +--+                              
  |           +--+              +-- Unio_pictorum              
  |              |                                             
  |              |           +----- Nodularia_douglasiae[1]    
  |              |  +--------+                                 
  |              |  |        |  +-- Nodularia_douglasiae[2]    
  |              |  |        +--+                              
  |              +--+           +-- Nodularia_nuxpersicae      
  |                 |                                          
--+                 |  +----------- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus  
  |                 +--+                                       
  |                    |  +-------- Tchangsinaia_piscicula     
  |                    +--+                                    
  |                       |  +----- Cuneopsis_rufescens        
  |                       +--+                                 
  |                          |  +-- Cuneopsis_heudei           
  |                          +--+                              
  |                             +-- Cuneopsis_celtiformis      
  |                                                            
  |  +----------------------------- Lepidodesma_languilati **     
  |  |                                                         
  |  |                    +-------- Lanceolaria_gladiola       
  |  |  +-----------------+                                    
  |  |  |                 |  +----- Lanceolaria_grayii         
  |  |  |                 +--+                                 
  +--+  |                    |  +-- Lanceolaria_lanceolata     
     |  |                    +--+                              
     |  |                       +-- Lanceolaria_triformis      
     |  |                                                      
     |  |     +-------------------- Anemina_arcaeformis        
     |  |     |                                                
     |  |  +--+  +----------------- Cristaria_plicata          
     +--+  |  |  |                                             
        |  |  +--+  +-------------- Pletholophus_tenuis        
        |  |     |  |                                          
        |  |     +--+           +-- Sinanodonta_angula         
        |  |        |  +--------+                              
        |  |        |  |        +-- Sinanodonta_lucida         
        |  |        +--+                                       
        |  |           |  +-------- Sinanodonta_woodiana[2]    
        |  |           +--+                                    
        |  |              |  +----- Sinanodonta_jourdyi        
        +--+              +--+                                 
           |                 |  +-- Sinanodonta_elliptica      
           |                 +--+                              
           |                    +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana[1]    
           |                                                   
           |                    +-- Alasmidonta_marginata      
           |           +--------+                              
           |           |        +-- Lasmigona_costata          
           |           |                                       
           |           |     +----- Anodonta_anatina           
           |           +-----+                                 
           |           |     |  +-- Anodonta_cygnea            
           +-----------+     +--+                              
                       |        +-- Anodonta_nuttalliana       
                       |                                       
                       |     +----- Pseudanodonta_complanata   
                       |  +--+                                 
                       |  |  |  +-- Simpsonaias_ambigua        
                       |  |  +--+                              
                       +--+     +-- Strophitus_undulatus       
                          |                                    
                          |  +----- Pyganodon_grandis          
                          +--+                                 
                             |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis     
                             +--+                              
                                +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 201 43 4 -- 
  +----------------- Acuticosta_chinensis       
  |                                             
  +----------------- Alasmidonta_marginata      
  |                                             
  +----------------- Anodonta_anatina           
  |                                             
  +----------------- Anemina_arcaeformis        
  |                                             
  +----------------- Anodonta_cygnea            
  |                                             
  +----------------- Cristaria_plicata          
  |                                             
  +----------------- Anodonta_nuttalliana       
  |                                             
  +----------------- Lasmigona_costata          
  |                                             
  +----------------- Lepidodesma_languilati **     
  |                                             
  +----------------- Pseudanodonta_complanata   
  |                                             
  +----------------- Pyganodon_grandis          
  |                                             
  +----------------- Simpsonaias_ambigua        
  |                                             
  +----------------- Strophitus_undulatus       
  |                                             
  |              +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus  
  +--------------+                              
  |              +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus     
  |                                             
  |              +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis     
  +--------------+                              
  |              +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis   
  |                                             
  |        +-------- Lanceolaria_gladiola       
  +--------+                                    
  |        |  +----- Lanceolaria_grayii         
  |        +--+                                 
--+           |  +-- Lanceolaria_lanceolata     
  |           +--+                              
  |              +-- Lanceolaria_triformis      
  |                                             
  |        +-------- Unio_tumidus               
  +--------+                                    
  |        |  +----- Unio_crassus               
  |        +--+                                 
  |           |  +-- Unio_delphinus             
  |           +--+                              
  |              +-- Unio_pictorum              
  |                                             
  |        +-------- Aculamprotula_tortuosa     
  |        |                                    
  +--------+     +-- Aculamprotula_coreana      
  |        |  +--+                              
  |        |  |  +-- Aculamprotula_scripta      
  |        +--+                                 
  |           |  +-- Aculamprotula_fibrosa      
  |           +--+                              
  |              +-- Aculamprotula_tientsinensis
  |                                             
  |        +-------- Cuneopsis_heudei           
  |        |                                    
  |        +-------- Cuneopsis_celtiformis      
  |        |                                    
  +--------+-------- Tchangsinaia_piscicula     
  |        |                                    
  |        +-------- Cuneopsis_rufescens        
  |        |                                    
  |        |  +----- Nodularia_douglasiae[2]    
  |        +--+                                 
  |           |  +-- Nodularia_douglasiae[1]    
  |           +--+                              
  |              +-- Nodularia_nuxpersicae      
  |                                             
  |  +-------------- Pletholophus_tenuis        
  |  |                                          
  +--+           +-- Sinanodonta_angula         
     |  +--------+                              
     |  |        +-- Sinanodonta_lucida         
     +--+                                       
        |  +-------- Sinanodonta_woodiana[1]    
        +--+                                    
           |  +----- Sinanodonta_jourdyi        
           +--+                                 
              |  +-- Sinanodonta_elliptica      
              +--+                              
                 +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana[2]

Aunins et al., 2018 [Publ 3863], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 40 26 4 -- 
  +----------------------- Lepidodesma_languilati **     
  |                                                   
  |                 +----- Aculamprotula_tortuosa     
  |        +--------+                                 
  |        |        |  +-- Aculamprotula_coreana      
  |        |        +--+                              
  |        |           +-- Aculamprotula_tientsinensis
  |        |                                          
  |  +-----+     +-------- Nodularia_douglasiae       
--+  |     |  +--+                                    
  |  |     |  |  |  +----- Tchangsinaia_piscicula     
  |  |     |  |  +--+                                 
  |  |     |  |     |  +-- Cuneopsis_heudei           
  |  |     +--+     +--+                              
  |  |        |        +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus  
  |  |        |                                       
  |  |        |  +-------- Unio_tumidus               
  |  |        +--+                                    
  |  |           |  +----- Unio_crassus               
  +--+           +--+                                 
     |              |  +-- Unio_pictorum              
     |              +--+                              
     |                 +-- Unio_delphinus             
     |                                                
     |              +----- Acuticosta_chinensis       
     |  +-----------+                                 
     |  |           |  +-- Lanceolaria_grayii         
     |  |           +--+                              
     |  |              +-- Lanceolaria_lanceolata     
     |  |                                             
     |  |        +-------- Cristaria_plicata          
     +--+        |                                    
        |  +-----+     +-- Anemina_arcaeformis        
        |  |     |  +--+                              
        |  |     |  |  +-- Anemina_euscaphys          
        |  |     +--+                                 
        |  |        |  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana       
        |  |        +--+                              
        +--+           +-- Sinanodonta_lucida         
           |                                          
           |           +-- Anodonta_anatina           
           |  +--------+                              
           |  |        +-- Anodonta_cygnea            
           |  |                                       
           +--+        +-- Prolasmidonta_heterodon    
              |  +-----+                              
              |  |     +-- Alasmidonta_varicosa       
              +--+                                    
                 |  +----- Pyganodon_grandis          
                 +--+                                 
                    |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis     
                    +--+                              
                       +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis

Wu et al., 2019 [Publ 3864], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 46 26 4 -- 
  +----------------------- Lepidodesma_languilati **     
  |                                                   
  |              +-------- Aculamprotula_tortuosa     
  |     +--------+                                    
  |     |        |  +----- Aculamprotula_scripta      
  |     |        +--+                                 
  |     |           |  +-- Aculamprotula_tientsinensis
  |     |           +--+                              
  |     |              +-- Aculamprotula_coreana      
  |  +--+                                             
--+  |  |        +-------- Unio_tumidus               
  |  |  |  +-----+                                    
  |  |  |  |     |  +----- Unio_crassus               
  |  |  |  |     +--+                                 
  |  |  |  |        |  +-- Unio_delphinus             
  |  |  +--+        +--+                              
  |  |     |           +-- Unio_pictorum              
  |  |     |                                          
  |  |     |  +----------- Pseudocuneopsis_capitata   
  |  |     +--+                                       
  |  |        |  +-------- Nodularia_douglasiae       
  +--+        +--+                                    
     |           |  +----- Tchangsinaia_piscicula     
     |           +--+                                 
     |              |  +-- Cuneopsis_heudei           
     |              +--+                              
     |                 +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus  
     |                                                
     |              +----- Acuticosta_chinensis       
     |  +-----------+                                 
     |  |           |  +-- Lanceolaria_grayii         
     |  |           +--+                              
     |  |              +-- Lanceolaria_lanceolata     
     |  |                                             
     +--+     +----------- Anodonta_anatina           
        |  +--+                                       
        |  |  |  +-------- Platynaias_compressa       
        |  |  +--+                                    
        |  |     |  +----- Pyganodon_grandis          
        |  |     +--+                                 
        +--+        |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis   
           |        +--+                              
           |           +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis     
           |                                          
           |     +-------- Cristaria_plicata          
           |     |                                    
           +-----+     +-- Anemina_arcaeformis        
                 |  +--+                              
                 |  |  +-- Anemina_euscaphys          
                 +--+                                 
                    |  +-- Sinanodonta_lucida         
                    +--+                              
                       +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana

Cha et al., 2018 [Publ 3916], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 38 21 3 -- 
  +----------------------- Lepidodesma_languilati **     
  |                                                   
  |                 +----- Aculamprotula_tortuosa     
  |        +--------+                                 
  |        |        |  +-- Aculamprotula_coreana      
  |        |        +--+                              
  |        |           +-- Aculamprotula_tientsinensis
  |  +-----+                                          
--+  |     |        +----- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus  
  |  |     |  +-----+                                 
  |  |     |  |     |  +-- Nodularia_douglasiae       
  |  |     |  |     +--+                              
  |  |     +--+        +-- Tchangsinaia_piscicula     
  |  |        |                                       
  |  |        |  +-------- Unio_tumidus               
  |  |        +--+                                    
  +--+           |  +----- Unio_crassus               
     |           +--+                                 
     |              |  +-- Unio_pictorum              
     |              +--+                              
     |                 +-- Unio_delphinus             
     |                                                
     |  +----------------- Lanceolaria_grayii         
     |  |                                             
     |  |     +----------- Anodonta_anatina           
     |  |  +--+                                       
     +--+  |  |  +-------- Platynaias_compressa       
        |  |  +--+                                    
        |  |     |  +----- Pyganodon_grandis          
        |  |     +--+                                 
        +--+        |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis   
           |        +--+                              
           |           +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis     
           |                                          
           |     +-------- Cristaria_plicata          
           |     |                                    
           +-----+     +-- Anemina_arcaeformis        
                 |  +--+                              
                 |  |  +-- Anemina_euscaphys          
                 +--+                                 
                    |  +-- Sinanodonta_lucida         
                    +--+                              
                       +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 44 22 3 -- 
  +----------------------- Lepidodesma_languilati **     
  |                                                   
  |                 +----- Aculamprotula_tortuosa     
  |        +--------+                                 
  |        |        |  +-- Aculamprotula_tientsinensis
  |        |        +--+                              
  |        |           +-- Aculamprotula_coreana      
  |  +-----+                                          
--+  |     |        +----- Nodularia_douglasiae       
  |  |     |  +-----+                                 
  |  |     |  |     |  +-- Tchangsinaia_piscicula     
  |  |     |  |     +--+                              
  |  |     +--+        +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus  
  |  |        |                                       
  |  |        |  +-------- Unio_tumidus               
  |  |        +--+                                    
  |  |           |  +----- Unio_crassus               
  +--+           +--+                                 
     |              |  +-- Unio_pictorum              
     |              +--+                              
     |                 +-- Unio_delphinus             
     |                                                
     |                 +-- Lanceolaria_lanceolata     
     |  +--------------+                              
     |  |              +-- Lanceolaria_grayii         
     |  |                                             
     |  |        +-------- Cristaria_plicata          
     +--+        |                                    
        |  +-----+     +-- Anemina_arcaeformis        
        |  |     |  +--+                              
        |  |     |  |  +-- Anemina_euscaphys          
        |  |     +--+                                 
        +--+        |  +-- Sinanodonta_lucida         
           |        +--+                              
           |           +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana       
           |                                          
           |  +----------- Anodonta_anatina           
           +--+                                       
              |  +-------- Lasmigona_complanata       
              +--+                                    
                 |  +----- Pyganodon_grandis          
                 +--+                                 
                    |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis   
                    +--+                              
                       +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 6

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 44 22 3 -- 
  +----------------------- Lepidodesma_languilati **     
  |                                                   
  |                 +----- Aculamprotula_tortuosa     
  |        +--------+                                 
  |        |        |  +-- Aculamprotula_tientsinensis
  |        |        +--+                              
  |        |           +-- Aculamprotula_coreana      
  |  +-----+                                          
--+  |     |        +----- Nodularia_douglasiae       
  |  |     |  +-----+                                 
  |  |     |  |     |  +-- Tchangsinaia_piscicula     
  |  |     |  |     +--+                              
  |  |     +--+        +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus  
  |  |        |                                       
  |  |        |  +-------- Unio_tumidus               
  |  |        +--+                                    
  |  |           |  +----- Unio_crassus               
  +--+           +--+                                 
     |              |  +-- Unio_pictorum              
     |              +--+                              
     |                 +-- Unio_delphinus             
     |                                                
     |                 +-- Lanceolaria_lanceolata     
     |  +--------------+                              
     |  |              +-- Lanceolaria_grayii         
     |  |                                             
     |  |     +----------- Anodonta_anatina           
     +--+  +--+                                       
        |  |  |  +-------- Lasmigona_complanata       
        |  |  +--+                                    
        |  |     |  +----- Pyganodon_grandis          
        |  |     +--+                                 
        +--+        |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis   
           |        +--+                              
           |           +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis     
           |                                          
           |     +-------- Cristaria_plicata          
           |     |                                    
           +-----+     +-- Sinanodonta_lucida         
                 |  +--+                              
                 |  |  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana       
                 +--+                                 
                    |  +-- Anemina_arcaeformis        
                    +--+                              
                       +-- Anemina_euscaphys

Fukata & Iigo, 2020 [Publ 4106], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 53 27 4 -- 
  +----------------------- Lepidodesma_languilati **     
  |                                                   
  |                 +----- Lanceolaria_gladiola       
  |  +--------------+                                 
  |  |              |  +-- Lanceolaria_grayii         
  |  |              +--+                              
  |  |                 +-- Lanceolaria_lanceolata     
--+  |                                                
  |  |     +-------------- Acuticosta_chinensis       
  |  |     |                                          
  |  |     |     +-------- Cristaria_plicata          
  |  |     |     |                                    
  |  |     |  +--+     +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana       
  |  |  +--+  |  |  +--+                              
  +--+  |  |  |  |  |  +-- Sinanodonta_lucida         
     |  |  |  |  +--+                                 
     |  |  |  |     |  +-- Anemina_arcaeformis        
     |  |  |  |     +--+                              
     |  |  +--+        +-- Anemina_euscaphys          
     |  |     |                                       
     |  |     |        +-- Anodonta_anatina           
     |  |     |  +-----+                              
     |  |     |  |     +-- Anodonta_cygnea            
     |  |     |  |                                    
     |  |     +--+     +-- Pyganodon_grandis          
     +--+        |  +--+                              
        |        |  |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis   
        |        +--+                                 
        |           |  +-- Alasmidonta_varicosa       
        |           +--+                              
        |              +-- Prolasmidonta_heterodon    
        |                                             
        |           +----- Aculamprotula_tortuosa     
        |  +--------+                                 
        |  |        |  +-- Aculamprotula_tientsinensis
        |  |        +--+                              
        |  |           +-- Aculamprotula_coreana      
        |  |                                          
        +--+     +-------- Unio_tumidus               
           |  +--+                                    
           |  |  |  +----- Unio_crassus               
           |  |  +--+                                 
           |  |     |  +-- Unio_pictorum              
           |  |     +--+                              
           +--+        +-- Unio_delphinus             
              |                                       
              |        +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus  
              |  +-----+                              
              |  |     +-- Cuneopsis_heudei           
              +--+                                    
                 |  +----- Pseudocuneopsis_capitata   
                 +--+                                 
                    |  +-- Nodularia_douglasiae       
                    +--+                              
                       +-- Tchangsinaia_piscicula

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 49 27 4 -- 
  +----------------------- Lepidodesma_languilati **     
  |                                                   
  |                 +----- Acuticosta_chinensis       
  |     +-----------+                                 
  |     |           |  +-- Lanceolaria_lanceolata     
  |     |           +--+                              
  |     |              +-- Lanceolaria_grayii         
  |     |                                             
  |  +--+     +----------- Anodonta_anatina           
  |  |  |  +--+                                       
  |  |  |  |  |  +-------- Platynaias_compressa       
--+  |  |  |  +--+                                    
  |  |  |  |     |  +----- Pyganodon_grandis          
  |  |  |  |     +--+                                 
  |  |  +--+        |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis   
  |  |     |        +--+                              
  |  |     |           +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis     
  |  |     |                                          
  |  |     |     +-------- Cristaria_plicata          
  |  |     |     |                                    
  |  |     +-----+     +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana       
  |  |           |  +--+                              
  +--+           |  |  +-- Sinanodonta_lauta          
     |           +--+                                 
     |              |  +-- Anemina_arcaeformis        
     |              +--+                              
     |                 +-- Anemina_euscaphys          
     |                                                
     |           +-------- Aculamprotula_tortuosa     
     |           |                                    
     |  +--------+     +-- Aculamprotula_coreana      
     |  |        |  +--+                              
     |  |        |  |  +-- Aculamprotula_tientsinensis
     |  |        +--+                                 
     |  |           |  +-- Aculamprotula_polysticta   
     |  |           +--+                              
     +--+              +-- Aculamprotula_scripta      
        |                                             
        |        +-------- Unio_tumidus               
        |  +-----+                                    
        |  |     |  +----- Unio_crassus               
        |  |     +--+                                 
        |  |        |  +-- Unio_delphinus             
        +--+        +--+                              
           |           +-- Unio_pictorum              
           |                                          
           |  +----------- Pseudocuneopsis_capitata   
           +--+                                       
              |  +-------- Nodularia_douglasiae       
              +--+                                    
                 |  +----- Tchangsinaia_piscicula     
                 +--+                                 
                    |  +-- Cuneopsis_heudei           
                    +--+                              
                       +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 47 33 4 -- 
  +-------- Lanceolaria_grayii[1]      
  |                                    
  +-------- Lanceolaria_grayii[2]      
  |                                    
  +-------- Cristaria_plicata[1]       
  |                                    
  +-------- Cristaria_plicata[2]       
  |                                    
  +-------- Sinanodonta_lauta          
  |                                    
  +-------- Beringiana_japonica        
  |                                    
  +-------- Beringiana_fukuharai[1]    
  |                                    
  +-------- Beringiana_beringiana      
  |                                    
  +-------- Beringiana_fukuharai[2]    
  |                                    
  +-------- Beringiana_fukuharai[3]    
  |                                    
  +-------- Buldowskia_iwakawai[1]     
  |                                    
  +-------- Buldowskia_iwakawai[2]     
  |                                    
  +-------- Sinanodonta_tumens[1]      
  |                                    
  +-------- Sinanodonta_tumens[2]      
  |                                    
--+-------- Pletholophus_tenuis        
  |                                    
  +-------- Anemina_arcaeformis        
  |                                    
  +-------- Lanceolaria_lanceolata     
  |                                    
  +-------- Cristaria_plicata[3]       
  |                                    
  +-------- Lanceolaria_gladiola       
  |                                    
  +-------- Sinanodonta_angula         
  |                                    
  +-------- Lepidodesma_languilati **     
  |                                    
  |     +-- Aculamprotula_tortuosa     
  +-----+                              
  |     +-- Acuticosta_chinensis       
  |                                    
  |  +----- Cuneopsis_celtiformis      
  |  |                                 
  +--+  +-- Nodularia_douglasiae[1]    
  |  |  |                              
  |  +--+-- Nodularia_douglasiae[2]    
  |     |                              
  |     +-- Nodularia_nipponensis      
  |                                    
  |  +----- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus  
  |  |                                 
  |  |  +-- Inversiunio_reinianus[1]   
  +--+  |                              
     |  +-- Inversiunio_reinianus[2]   
     |  |                              
     |  +-- Inversiunio_jokohamensis[1]
     +--+                              
        +-- Inversiunio_jokohamensis[2]
        |                              
        +-- Inversiunio_jokohamensis[3]
        |                              
        +-- Inversiunio_jokohamensis[4]

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 72 38 3 -- 
                    +----- Lanceolaria_grayii[1]      
  +-----------------+                                 
  |                 |  +-- Lanceolaria_lanceolata     
  |                 +--+                              
  |                    +-- Lanceolaria_grayii[2]      
--+                                                   
  |  +-------------------- Lepidodesma_languilati **     
  |  |                                                
  |  |              +----- Aculamprotula_tortuosa     
  |  |  +-----------+                                 
  +--+  |           |  +-- Aculamprotula_tientsinensis
     |  |           +--+                              
     |  |              +-- Aculamprotula_coreana      
     |  |                                             
     +--+           +----- Unio_crassus               
        |  +--------+                                 
        |  |        |  +-- Unio_delphinus             
        |  |        +--+                              
        |  |           +-- Unio_pictorum              
        |  |                                          
        +--+     +-------- Inversiunio_jokohamensis   
           |  +--+                                    
           |  |  |  +----- Inversiunio_yanagawensis[2]
           |  |  +--+                                 
           |  |     |  +-- Inversiunio_reinianus      
           |  |     +--+                              
           +--+        +-- Inversiunio_yanagawensis[1]
              |                                       
              |        +-- Tchangsinaia_piscicula     
              |  +-----+                              
              |  |     +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus  
              +--+                                    
                 |  +----- Nodularia_douglasiae[2]    
                 +--+                                 
                    |  +-- Nodularia_nipponensis      
                    +--+                              
                       +-- Nodularia_douglasiae[1]

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 71 37 3 -- 
                    +----- Lanceolaria_grayii[1]      
  +-----------------+                                 
  |                 |  +-- Lanceolaria_lanceolata     
  |                 +--+                              
  |                    +-- Lanceolaria_grayii[2]      
--+                                                   
  |  +-------------------- Lepidodesma_languilati **     
  |  |                                                
  |  |              +----- Aculamprotula_tortuosa     
  |  |  +-----------+                                 
  +--+  |           |  +-- Aculamprotula_tientsinensis
     |  |           +--+                              
     |  |              +-- Aculamprotula_coreana      
     |  |                                             
     +--+           +----- Unio_crassus               
        |  +--------+                                 
        |  |        |  +-- Unio_delphinus             
        |  |        +--+                              
        |  |           +-- Unio_pictorum              
        |  |                                          
        +--+     +-------- Inversiunio_jokohamensis   
           |  +--+                                    
           |  |  |  +----- Inversiunio_yanagawensis[2]
           |  |  +--+                                 
           |  |     |  +-- Inversiunio_reinianus      
           |  |     +--+                              
           +--+        +-- Inversiunio_yanagawensis[1]
              |                                       
              |        +-- Nodularia_nipponensis      
              |     +--+                              
              |     |  +-- Nodularia_douglasiae       
              +-----+                                 
                    |  +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus  
                    +--+                              
                       +-- Tchangsinaia_piscicula

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 71 37 3 -- 
                             +-- Anodonta_cygnea            
                    +--------+                              
                    |        +-- Anodonta_anatina           
                    |                                       
  +-----------------+     +----- Alasmidonta_varicosa       
  |                 |  +--+                                 
  |                 |  |  |  +-- Prolasmidonta_heterodon    
  |                 |  |  +--+                              
  |                 +--+     +-- Platynaias_compressa       
  |                    |                                    
  |                    |  +----- Pyganodon_grandis          
  |                    +--+                                 
--+                       |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis     
  |                       +--+                              
  |                          +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis   
  |                                                         
  |  +-------------------------- Lepidodesma_languilati **     
  |  |                                                      
  |  |                    +----- Lanceolaria_grayii[1]      
  |  |  +-----------------+                                 
  +--+  |                 |  +-- Lanceolaria_lanceolata     
     |  |                 +--+                              
     |  |                    +-- Lanceolaria_grayii[2]      
     |  |                                                   
     +--+                 +----- Aculamprotula_tortuosa     
        |  +--------------+                                 
        |  |              |  +-- Aculamprotula_tientsinensis
        |  |              +--+                              
        |  |                 +-- Aculamprotula_coreana      
        |  |                                                
        +--+              +----- Unio_crassus               
           |  +-----------+                                 
           |  |           |  +-- Unio_delphinus             
           |  |           +--+                              
           |  |              +-- Unio_pictorum              
           +--+                                             
              |              +-- Nodularia_douglasiae       
              |  +-----------+                              
              |  |           +-- Nodularia_nipponensis      
              |  |                                          
              +--+           +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus  
                 |  +--------+                              
                 |  |        +-- Tchangsinaia_piscicula     
                 +--+                                       
                    |  +-------- Inversiunio_jokohamensis   
                    +--+                                    
                       |  +----- Inversiunio_yanagawensis[2]
                       +--+                                 
                          |  +-- Inversiunio_reinianus      
                          +--+                              
                             +-- Inversiunio_yanagawensis[1]

Chen et al., 2020 [Publ 4170], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 33 14 2 -- 
  +-------- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus
--+                                  
  |  +----- Lepidodesma_languilati **   
  +--+                               
     |  +-- Aculamprotula_coreana    
     +--+                            
        +-- Aculamprotula_tortuosa

Kim et al., 2021 [Publ 4197], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 14 13 3 -- 
-- Lepidodesma_languilati

Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-F, 5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 48 22 3 -- 
  +----------------------- Lepidodesma_languilati **     
  |                                                   
  |                 +----- Aculamprotula_tortuosa     
  |        +--------+                                 
  |        |        |  +-- Aculamprotula_tientsinensis
  |        |        +--+                              
  |        |           +-- Aculamprotula_coreana      
  |  +-----+                                          
--+  |     |        +----- Nodularia_douglasiae       
  |  |     |  +-----+                                 
  |  |     |  |     |  +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus  
  |  |     |  |     +--+                              
  |  |     +--+        +-- Tchangsinaia_piscicula     
  |  |        |                                       
  |  |        |  +-------- Unio_tumidus               
  |  |        +--+                                    
  |  |           |  +----- Unio_crassus               
  +--+           +--+                                 
     |              |  +-- Unio_pictorum              
     |              +--+                              
     |                 +-- Unio_delphinus             
     |                                                
     |                 +-- Lanceolaria_grayii         
     |  +--------------+                              
     |  |              +-- Lanceolaria_lanceolata     
     |  |                                             
     |  |     +----------- Anodonta_anatina           
     +--+  +--+                                       
        |  |  |  +-------- Platynaias_compressa       
        |  |  +--+                                    
        |  |     |  +----- Pyganodon_grandis          
        |  |     +--+                                 
        +--+        |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis     
           |        +--+                              
           |           +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis   
           |                                          
           |     +-------- Cristaria_plicata          
           |     |                                    
           +-----+     +-- Sinanodonta_lucida         
                 |  +--+                              
                 |  |  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana       
                 +--+                                 
                    |  +-- Anemina_arcaeformis        
                    +--+                              
                       +-- Anemina_euscaphys

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 2d

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 38 38 4 -- 
  +-------------------------------- Lepidodesma_languilati **      
  |                                                             
  |                          +----- Lanceolaria_gladiola        
  |           +--------------+                                  
  |           |              |  +-- Lanceolaria_grayii          
  |           |              +--+                               
  |           |                 +-- Lanceolaria_lanceolata      
  |  +--------+                                                 
  |  |        |  +----------------- Acuticosta_chinensis        
  |  |        |  |                                              
  |  |        |  |        +-------- Cristaria_plicata           
  |  |        |  |        |                                     
--+  |        +--+  +-----+     +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana        
  |  |           |  |     |  +--+                               
  |  |           |  |     |  |  +-- Sinanodonta_lucida          
  |  |           |  |     +--+                                  
  |  |           |  |        |  +-- Anemina_arcaeformis         
  |  |           +--+        +--+                               
  |  |              |           +-- Anemina_euscaphys           
  |  |              |                                           
  |  |              |           +-- Anodonta_cygnea             
  |  |              |  +--------+                               
  |  |              |  |        +-- Anodonta_anatina            
  |  |              +--+                                        
  +--+                 |  +-------- Platynaias_compressa        
     |                 +--+                                     
     |                    |  +----- Pyganodon_grandis           
     |                    +--+                                  
     |                       |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis      
     |                       +--+                               
     |                          +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis    
     |                                                          
     |                    +-------- Aculamprotula_tortuosa      
     |                    |                                     
     |  +-----------------+     +-- Aculamprotula_tientsinensis 
     |  |                 |  +--+                               
     |  |                 |  |  +-- Aculamprotula_coreana       
     |  |                 +--+                                  
     |  |                    |  +-- Aculamprotula_polysticta    
     |  |                    +--+                               
     |  |                       +-- Aculamprotula_scripta       
     +--+                                                       
        |                 +-------- Unio_tumidus                
        |  +--------------+                                     
        |  |              |  +----- Unio_crassus                
        |  |              +--+                                  
        |  |                 |  +-- Unio_pictorum               
        |  |                 +--+                               
        |  |                    +-- Unio_delphinus              
        +--+                                                    
           |                    +-- Pseudocuneopsis_capitata    
           |  +-----------------+                               
           |  |                 +-- Pseudocuneopsis_sichuanensis
           |  |                                                 
           |  |                 +-- Nodularia_breviconcha       
           +--+  +--------------+                               
              |  |              +-- Nodularia_douglasiae        
              |  |                                              
              |  |              +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus   
              +--+  +-----------+                               
                 |  |           +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus      
                 |  |                                           
                 |  |     +-------- Cuneopsis_rufescens         
                 +--+  +--+                                     
                    |  |  |  +----- Cuneopsis_celtiformis       
                    |  |  +--+                                  
                    |  |     |  +-- Cuneopsis_heudei            
                    +--+     +--+                               
                       |        +-- Cuneopsis_demangei          
                       |                                        
                       |  +-------- Tchangsinaia_piscicula      
                       +--+                                     
                          |  +----- Inversiunio_jokohamensis    
                          +--+                                  
                             |  +-- Inversiunio_reinianus       
                             +--+                               
                                +-- Inversiunio_yanagawensis

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 73 35 4 -- 
  +-------------------------------- Lepidodesma_languilati **      
  |                                                             
  |                       +-------- Acuticosta_chinensis        
  |              +--------+                                     
  |              |        |  +----- Lanceolaria_gladiola        
  |              |        +--+                                  
  |              |           |  +-- Lanceolaria_grayii          
  |              |           +--+                               
  |              |              +-- Lanceolaria_lanceolata      
  |              |                                              
  |  +-----------+        +-------- Cristaria_plicata           
  |  |           |        |                                     
--+  |           |  +-----+     +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana        
  |  |           |  |     |  +--+                               
  |  |           |  |     |  |  +-- Sinanodonta_lucida          
  |  |           |  |     +--+                                  
  |  |           |  |        |  +-- Anemina_arcaeformis         
  |  |           +--+        +--+                               
  |  |              |           +-- Anemina_euscaphys           
  |  |              |                                           
  |  |              |           +-- Anodonta_cygnea             
  |  |              |  +--------+                               
  |  |              |  |        +-- Anodonta_anatina            
  |  |              +--+                                        
  |  |                 |  +-------- Platynaias_compressa        
  +--+                 +--+                                     
     |                    |  +----- Pyganodon_grandis           
     |                    +--+                                  
     |                       |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis      
     |                       +--+                               
     |                          +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis    
     |                                                          
     |                    +-------- Aculamprotula_tortuosa      
     |                    |                                     
     |  +-----------------+     +-- Aculamprotula_tientsinensis 
     |  |                 |  +--+                               
     |  |                 |  |  +-- Aculamprotula_coreana       
     |  |                 +--+                                  
     |  |                    |  +-- Aculamprotula_polysticta    
     |  |                    +--+                               
     |  |                       +-- Aculamprotula_scripta       
     +--+                                                       
        |                 +-------- Unio_tumidus                
        |  +--------------+                                     
        |  |              |  +----- Unio_crassus                
        |  |              +--+                                  
        |  |                 |  +-- Unio_pictorum               
        |  |                 +--+                               
        +--+                    +-- Unio_delphinus              
           |                                                    
           |                    +-- Pseudocuneopsis_capitata    
           |  +-----------------+                               
           |  |                 +-- Pseudocuneopsis_sichuanensis
           |  |                                                 
           +--+                 +-- Nodularia_douglasiae        
              |  +--------------+                               
              |  |              +-- Nodularia_breviconcha       
              |  |                                              
              +--+              +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus   
                 |  +-----------+                               
                 |  |           +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus      
                 +--+                                           
                    |  +----------- Tchangsinaia_piscicula      
                    +--+                                        
                       |  +-------- Cuneopsis_rufescens         
                       +--+                                     
                          |  +----- Cuneopsis_celtiformis       
                          +--+                                  
                             |  +-- Cuneopsis_heudei            
                             +--+                               
                                +-- Cuneopsis_demangei

Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 35 14 4 -- 
  +-------------------- Lepidodesma_languilati **     
  |                                                
  |                 +-- Aculamprotula_tientsinensis
  |        +--------+                              
  |        |        +-- Aculamprotula_tortuosa     
--+  +-----+                                       
  |  |     |  +-------- Unio_pictorum              
  |  |     +--+                                    
  |  |        |  +----- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus  
  |  |        +--+                                 
  |  |           |  +-- Nodularia_douglasiae       
  +--+           +--+                              
     |              +-- Tchangsinaia_piscicula     
     |                                             
     |              +-- Lanceolaria_lanceolata     
     |  +-----------+                              
     |  |           +-- Lanceolaria_gladiola       
     +--+                                          
        |  +----------- Acuticosta_chinensis       
        |  |                                       
        +--+        +-- Anodonta_anatina           
           |  +-----+                              
           |  |     +-- Pyganodon_grandis          
           +--+                                    
              |  +----- Cristaria_plicata          
              +--+                                 
                 |  +-- Sinanodonta_lucida         
                 +--+                              
                    +-- Anemina_euscaphys

Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. S5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 38 16 4 -- 
        +----- Lepidodesma_languilati **     
  +-----+                                 
  |     |  +-- Aculamprotula_tientsinensis
  |     +--+                              
--+        +-- Aculamprotula_tortuosa     
  |                                       
  |  +-------- Unio_pictorum              
  +--+                                    
     |  +----- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus  
     +--+                                 
        |  +-- Nodularia_douglasiae       
        +--+                              
           +-- Tchangsinaia_piscicula

Konopleva et al., 2023 [Publ 4269], fig. S1, 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 55 32 4 -- 
                 +-------- Lepidodesma_languilati **  
  +--------------+                                 
  |              |  +----- Lanceolaria_gladiola    
  |              +--+                              
  |                 |  +-- Lanceolaria_grayii      
  |                 +--+                           
--+                    +-- Lanceolaria_triformis   
  |                                                
  |  +-------------------- Acuticosta_chinensis    
  |  |                                             
  |  |              +----- Anodonta_anatina        
  |  |  +-----------+                              
  +--+  |           |  +-- Pseudanodonta_complanata
     |  |           +--+                           
     |  |              +-- Anodonta_cygnea         
     |  |                                          
     |  |        +-------- Anemina_arcaeformis     
     +--+  +-----+                                 
        |  |     |  +----- Amuranodonta_kijaensis  
        |  |     +--+                              
        |  |        |  +-- Buldowskia_suifunica    
        |  |        +--+                           
        |  |           +-- Buldowskia_shadini      
        +--+                                       
           |     +-------- Beringiana_beringiana   
           |  +--+                                 
           |  |  |  +----- Sinanodonta_schrenkii   
           |  |  +--+                              
           |  |     |  +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana    
           +--+     +--+                           
              |        +-- Sinanodonta_lauta       
              |                                    
              |  +-------- Cristaria_radiata       
              |  |                                 
              +--+     +-- Cristaria_truncata      
                 |  +--+                           
                 |  |  +-- Cristaria_plicata       
                 +--+                              
                    |  +-- Cristaria_bellua        
                    +--+                           
                       +-- Cristaria_clessini

Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 52 16 4 -- 
  +-------------------- Lepidodesma_languilati **     
  |                                                
  |     +-------------- Aculamprotula_tientsinensis
  |     |                                          
  |  +--+  +----------- Unio_crassus               
  |  |  |  |                                       
--+  |  +--+        +-- Pseudocuneopsis_capitata   
  |  |     |  +-----+                              
  |  |     |  |     +-- Nodularia_douglasiae       
  |  |     +--+                                    
  |  |        |  +----- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus  
  |  |        +--+                                 
  +--+           |  +-- Cuneopsis_celtiformis      
     |           +--+                              
     |              +-- Tchangsinaia_piscicula     
     |                                             
     |              +-- Acuticosta_chinensis       
     |  +-----------+                              
     |  |           +-- Lanceolaria_grayii         
     |  |                                          
     +--+        +----- Cristaria_plicata          
        |  +-----+                                 
        |  |     |  +-- Anemina_arcaeformis        
        |  |     +--+                              
        +--+        +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana       
           |                                       
           |  +-------- Anodonta_cygnea            
           +--+                                    
              |  +----- Platynaias_compressa       
              +--+                                 
                 |  +-- Pyganodon_grandis          
                 +--+                              
                    +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis

Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 39 30 4 -- 
                       +----- Pletholophus_tenuis         
  +--------------------+                                  
  |                    |  +-- Sinanodonta_jourdyi         
  |                    +--+                               
  |                       +-- Beringiana_beringiana       
  |                                                       
  |  +----------------------- Lanceolaria_gladiola        
  |  |                                                    
  |  +----------------------- Acuticosta_chinensis        
--+  |                                                    
  |  +----------------------- Lepidodesma_languilati **      
  |  |                                                    
  |  +----------------------- Lanceolaria_oxyrhyncha      
  |  |                                                    
  |  +----------------------- Cristaria_plicata           
  |  |                                                    
  |  |                    +-- Alasmidonta_marginata       
  +--+                 +--+                               
     |                 |  +-- Lasmigona_costata           
     +-----------------+                                  
     |                 |  +-- Anodonta_anatina            
     |                 +--+                               
     |                    +-- Pseudanodonta_complanata    
     |                                                    
     |  +-------------------- Aculamprotula_fibrosa       
     |  |                                                 
     |  |              +----- Middendorffinaia_mongolica  
     |  |  +-----------+                                  
     +--+  |           |  +-- Nodularia_douglasiae        
        |  |           +--+                               
        |  |              +-- Nodularia_breviconcha       
        |  |                                              
        |  |              +-- Cuneopsis_celtiformis       
        +--+  +-----------+                               
           |  |           +-- Cuneopsis_heudei            
           |  |                                           
           |  |           +-- Diaurora_aurorea            
           |  |        +--+                               
           |  |        |  +-- Diaurora_laeve              
           |  +--------+                                  
           +--+        |  +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus   
              |        +--+                               
              |           +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus      
              |                                           
              |           +-- Pseudocuneopsis_sichuanensis
              |  +--------+                               
              |  |        +-- Pseudocuneopsis_capitata    
              |  |                                        
              +--+        +-- Inversiunio_yanagawensis    
                 |  +-----+                               
                 |  |     +-- Inversiunio_reinianus       
                 +--+                                     
                    |  +----- Tchangsinaia_piscicula      
                    +--+                                  
                       |  +-- Unio_pictorum               
                       +--+                               
                          +-- Unio_crassus

Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 39 30 4 -- 
  +-------------------------- Acuticosta_chinensis        
  |                                                       
  |  +----------------------- Lepidodesma_languilati **      
  |  |                                                    
  |  |                    +-- Lanceolaria_gladiola        
  |  |     +--------------+                               
  |  |     |              +-- Lanceolaria_oxyrhyncha      
  |  |     |                                              
--+  |     |              +-- Alasmidonta_marginata       
  |  +-----+           +--+                               
  |  |     |           |  +-- Lasmigona_costata           
  |  |     |  +--------+                                  
  |  |     |  |        |  +-- Anodonta_anatina            
  |  |     |  |        +--+                               
  |  |     +--+           +-- Pseudanodonta_complanata    
  |  |        |                                           
  |  |        |  +----------- Cristaria_plicata           
  +--+        |  |                                        
     |        +--+        +-- Anemina_arcaeformis         
     |           |  +-----+                               
     |           |  |     +-- Amuranodonta_kijaensis      
     |           +--+                                     
     |              |  +----- Pletholophus_tenuis         
     |              +--+                                  
     |                 |  +-- Sinanodonta_jourdyi         
     |                 +--+                               
     |                    +-- Beringiana_beringiana       
     |                                                    
     |  +-------------------- Aculamprotula_fibrosa       
     |  |                                                 
     |  |              +----- Middendorffinaia_mongolica  
     |  |  +-----------+                                  
     +--+  |           |  +-- Nodularia_douglasiae        
        |  |           +--+                               
        |  |              +-- Nodularia_breviconcha       
        |  |                                              
        |  |              +-- Cuneopsis_celtiformis       
        +--+  +-----------+                               
           |  |           +-- Cuneopsis_heudei            
           |  |                                           
           |  |           +-- Diaurora_aurorea            
           |  |        +--+                               
           |  |        |  +-- Diaurora_laeve              
           |  +--------+                                  
           +--+        |  +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus   
              |        +--+                               
              |           +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus      
              |                                           
              |           +-- Pseudocuneopsis_sichuanensis
              |  +--------+                               
              |  |        +-- Pseudocuneopsis_capitata    
              |  |                                        
              +--+        +-- Inversiunio_yanagawensis    
                 |  +-----+                               
                 |  |     +-- Inversiunio_reinianus       
                 +--+                                     
                    |  +----- Tchangsinaia_piscicula      
                    +--+                                  
                       |  +-- Unio_pictorum               
                       +--+                               
                          +-- Unio_crassus

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4358], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 51 26 4 -- 
  +-------------------------------- Lepidodesma_languilati **       
  |                                                              
  |              +----------------- Lanceolaria_gladiola         
  |              |                                               
  |  +-----------+  +-------------- Acuticosta_chinensis         
  |  |           |  |                                            
  |  |           |  |        +----- Cristaria_plicata            
--+  |           +--+  +-----+                                   
  |  |              |  |     |  +-- Anemina_arcaeformis          
  |  |              |  |     +--+                                
  |  |              +--+        +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana         
  |  |                 |                                         
  |  |                 |  +-------- Anodonta_anatina             
  |  |                 +--+                                      
  +--+                    |  +----- Platynaias_compressa         
     |                    +--+                                   
     |                       |  +-- Pyganodon_grandis            
     |                       +--+                                
     |                          +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis       
     |                                                           
     |                          +-- Aculamprotula_scripta        
     |  +-----------------------+                                
     |  |                       +-- Aculamprotula_tientsinensis  
     |  |                                                        
     |  |                       +-- Unio_crassus                 
     +--+  +--------------------+                                
        |  |                    +-- Unio_delphinus               
        |  |                                                     
        |  |              +-------- Pseudocuneopsis_capitata     
        +--+  +-----------+                                      
           |  |           |  +----- Pseudocuneopsis_yangshuoensis
           |  |           +--+                                   
           |  |              |  +-- Pseudocuneopsis_yemaoi       
           |  |              +--+                                
           +--+                 +-- Pseudocuneopsis_sichuanensis 
              |                                                  
              |                 +-- Nodularia_breviconcha        
              |  +--------------+                                
              |  |              +-- Nodularia_douglasiae         
              |  |                                               
              +--+              +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus    
                 |  +-----------+                                
                 |  |           +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus       
                 +--+                                            
                    |  +----------- Tchangsinaia_piscicula       
                    +--+                                         
                       |  +-------- Cuneopsis_rufescens          
                       +--+                                      
                          |  +----- Cuneopsis_celtiformis        
                          +--+                                   
                             |  +-- Cuneopsis_heudei             
                             +--+                                
                                +-- Cuneopsis_demangei

Page updated: 08:51:03 Mon 06 May 2024
 
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