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Page last updated
Thu 07 Dec 2023

The Freshwater Mussels (Unionoida) of the World (and other less consequential bivalves)

FM(U)otW(aolcb) is the web version of the MUSSEL Project Database. Follow the links to browse the data or use the custom Google search field. Either way, you win!

Cladomics pages are experimental — even more so than the rest of this site!

The purpose of the cladomics pages for each genus and family-group level taxon is to provide statistics and references indicating the extent to which published phylogenetic work supports the classification used here.

The Cladomics Summary provides an overview of the number of studies that have included terminal species representing this taxon as well as an indication of how frequently it has been recovered as monophyletic.

Following the summary, the available published clades representing the taxon are listed.

For more information, visit the Cladomics FARQ (frequently asked rhetorical questions) page. Abbreviations for the various statistics are explained on the FARQ!

Search the database pages:

Bivalvia | Unionoida | Unionoidea | Unionidae | Unioninae | Unionini

genus Cuneopsis Simpson, 1900: cladomics
     8 valid species

Cladomics Summary

number of species = 8

analyzed in 38 cladograms in 27 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis = 4, mean = 1.95

Basic Monophyly

number of cladograms that test basic monophyly (i.e., more than 1 included species) = 25
maximum number of included terminals = 4, mean = 2.44
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly = 0.72

Pairwise Cladogram Clustering

The graphs below depict in two dimensions all pair-wise ingroup distances within the cladome. See the Cladmoics FARQ for more information.


PCoA Ordination


NJ tree

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 2d

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 4 35 19 7 0.0

*** Top Monophyly Cladogram *** 

              +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus
  +-----------+                            
  |           +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus   
  |                                        
  |     +-------- Cuneopsis_rufescens **      
--+  +--+                                  
  |  |  |  +----- Cuneopsis_celtiformis **    
  |  |  +--+                               
  |  |     |  +-- Cuneopsis_heudei **         
  +--+     +--+                            
     |        +-- Cuneopsis_demangei **       
     |                                     
     |  +-------- Tchangsinaia_piscicula   
     +--+                                  
        |  +----- Inversiunio_jokohamensis 
        +--+                               
           |  +-- Inversiunio_reinianus    
           +--+                            
              +-- Inversiunio_yanagawensis

Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 38 15 9 --

*** Top Sister-Group Cladogram ***

              +----- Middendorffinaia_mongolica  
  +-----------+                                  
  |           |  +-- Nodularia_douglasiae        
  |           +--+                               
  |              +-- Nodularia_breviconcha       
  |                                              
  |              +-- Cuneopsis_celtiformis **       
--+  +-----------+                               
  |  |           +-- Cuneopsis_heudei **            
  |  |                                           
  |  |           +-- Diaurora_aurorea            
  |  |        +--+                               
  |  |        |  +-- Diaurora_laeve              
  |  +--------+                                  
  +--+        |  +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus   
     |        +--+                               
     |           +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus      
     |                                           
     |           +-- Pseudocuneopsis_sichuanensis
     |  +--------+                               
     |  |        +-- Pseudocuneopsis_capitata    
     |  |                                        
     +--+        +-- Inversiunio_yanagawensis    
        |  +-----+                               
        |  |     +-- Inversiunio_reinianus       
        +--+                                     
           |  +----- Tchangsinaia_piscicula      
           +--+                                  
              |  +-- Unio_pictorum               
              +--+                               
                 +-- Unio_crassus

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 4 70 16 6 0.0 
              +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus
  +-----------+                            
  |           +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus   
--+                                        
  |  +----------- Tchangsinaia_piscicula   
  +--+                                     
     |  +-------- Cuneopsis_rufescens **      
     +--+                                  
        |  +----- Cuneopsis_celtiformis **    
        +--+                               
           |  +-- Cuneopsis_heudei **         
           +--+                            
              +-- Cuneopsis_demangei **

Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 3836], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 3 1 3 50 11 5 1.0 
        +----- Nodularia_douglasiae     
  +-----+                               
  |     |  +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus
  |     +--+                            
--+        +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus   
  |                                     
  |  +-------- Tchangsinaia_piscicula   
  +--+                                  
     |  +----- Cuneopsis_rufescens **      
     +--+                               
        |  +-- Cuneopsis_celtiformis **    
        +--+                            
           +-- Cuneopsis_heudei **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 4 2 3 41 11 4 2.0 
              +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus
  +-----------+                            
  |           +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus   
  |                                        
--+        +----- Nodularia_douglasiae[1]  
  |  +-----+                               
  |  |     |  +-- Nodularia_douglasiae[2]  
  |  |     +--+                            
  +--+        +-- Nodularia_nuxpersicae    
     |                                     
     |  +-------- Cuneopsis_rufescens **      
     +--+                                  
        |  +----- Tchangsinaia_piscicula   
        +--+                               
           |  +-- Cuneopsis_heudei **         
           +--+                            
              +-- Cuneopsis_celtiformis **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 3 1 3 201 15 5 1.0 
        +----- Nodularia_douglasiae[1]
  +-----+                             
  |     |  +-- Nodularia_douglasiae[2]
  |     +--+                          
--+        +-- Nodularia_nuxpersicae  
  |                                   
  |  +-------- Tchangsinaia_piscicula 
  +--+                                
     |  +----- Cuneopsis_rufescens **    
     +--+                             
        |  +-- Cuneopsis_heudei **       
        +--+                          
           +-- Cuneopsis_celtiformis **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 3 1 3 72 11 4 1.0 
  +----------- Tchangsinaia_piscicula   
  |                                     
--+        +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus   
  |  +-----+                            
  |  |     +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus
  +--+                                  
     |  +----- Cuneopsis_rufescens **      
     +--+                               
        |  +-- Cuneopsis_heudei **         
        +--+                            
           +-- Cuneopsis_celtiformis **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 3 1 3 198 14 5 1.0 
  +----------- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus
--+                                     
  |  +-------- Tchangsinaia_piscicula   
  +--+                                  
     |  +----- Cuneopsis_rufescens **      
     +--+                               
        |  +-- Cuneopsis_heudei **         
        +--+                            
           +-- Cuneopsis_celtiformis **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 7 2 3 199 15 5 6.0 
  +-------- Cuneopsis_heudei **       
  |                                
  +-------- Cuneopsis_celtiformis **  
  |                                
--+-------- Tchangsinaia_piscicula 
  |                                
  +-------- Cuneopsis_rufescens **    
  |                                
  |  +----- Nodularia_douglasiae[2]
  +--+                             
     |  +-- Nodularia_douglasiae[1]
     +--+                          
        +-- Nodularia_nuxpersicae

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 2-4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 3 1 3 119 23 7 1.0 
     +-------------- Nodularia_breviconcha    
  +--+                                        
  |  |  +----------- Nodularia[2]             
  |  +--+                                     
  |     |  +-------- Nodularia_nuxpersicae    
  |     +--+                                  
  |        |  +----- Nodularia_nipponensis    
  |        +--+                               
  |           |  +-- Nodularia_douglasiae     
--+           +--+                            
  |              +-- Nodularia[1]             
  |                                           
  |              +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus
  |  +-----------+                            
  |  |           +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus   
  |  |                                        
  |  |        +----- Cuneopsis_rufescens **      
  |  +--------+                               
  +--+        |  +-- Cuneopsis_heudei **         
     |        +--+                            
     |           +-- Cuneopsis_celtiformis **    
     |                                        
     |  +----------- Tchangsinaia_piscicula   
     +--+                                     
        |  +-------- Inversiunio_jokohamensis 
        +--+                                  
           |  +----- Inversiunio_verrucosus   
           +--+                               
              |  +-- Inversiunio_reinianus    
              +--+                            
                 +-- Inversiunio_yanagawensis

Zhang et al., 2004 [Publ 2735], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 6 0 2 12 5 4 6.0 
  +----------------- Tchangsinaia_piscicula   
--+                                           
  |  +-------------- Cuneopsis_heudei **         
  +--+                                        
     |  +----------- Nodularia_douglasiae     
     +--+                                     
        |  +-------- Pseudocuneopsis_capitata 
        +--+                                  
           |  +----- Cuneopsis_rufescens **      
           +--+                               
              |  +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus
              +--+                            
                 +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3745], fig. 1-2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 79 9 5 -- 
  +-------- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus
--+                                  
  |  +----- Tchangsinaia_piscicula   
  +--+                               
     |  +-- Cuneopsis_heudei **         
     +--+                            
        +-- Cuneopsis_rufescens **

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 139 8 5 -- 
        +-- Nodularia_douglasiae     
  +-----+                            
  |     +-- Nodularia_nuxpersicae    
  |                                  
--+     +-- Cuneopsis_rufescens **      
  |  +--+                            
  |  |  +-- Cuneopsis_heudei **         
  +--+                               
     |  +-- Tchangsinaia_piscicula   
     +--+                            
        +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 3 0 2 139 8 5 3.0 
        +----- Unio_tumidus             
  +-----+                               
  |     |  +-- Unio_crassus             
  |     +--+                            
  |        +-- Unio_pictorum            
--+                                     
  |  +-------- Aculamprotula_tortuosa   
  |  |                                  
  |  +-------- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus
  |  |                                  
  +--+     +-- Nodularia_douglasiae     
     +-----+                            
     |     +-- Nodularia_nuxpersicae    
     |                                  
     |  +----- Cuneopsis_heudei **         
     +--+                               
        |  +-- Tchangsinaia_piscicula   
        +--+                            
           +-- Cuneopsis_rufescens **

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3764], fig. S1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 10 0 2 129 8 5 10.0 
  +-- Unio_crassus             
  |                            
  +-- Unio_pictorum            
  |                            
  +-- Unio_tumidus             
  |                            
  +-- Aculamprotula_tortuosa   
  |                            
  +-- Cuneopsis_heudei **         
--+                            
  +-- Tchangsinaia_piscicula   
  |                            
  +-- Cuneopsis_rufescens **      
  |                            
  +-- Nodularia_douglasiae     
  |                            
  +-- Nodularia_nuxpersicae    
  |                            
  +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus

Liu et al., 2017 [Publ 3939], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 15 11 3 -- 
              +----- Unio_tumidus             
              |                               
  +-----------+----- Unio_gibbus              
  |           |                               
  |           |  +-- Unio_crassus             
  |           +--+                            
  |              +-- Unio_pictorum            
--+                                           
  |  +-------------- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus
  |  |                                        
  |  |           +-- Cuneopsis_heudei **         
  |  +-----------+                            
  +--+           +-- Cuneopsis_rufescens **      
     |                                        
     |  +----------- Nodularia_breviconcha    
     |  |                                     
     +--+  +-------- Nodularia_douglasiae[3]  
        |  |                                  
        +--+  +----- Nodularia_douglasiae[2]  
           |  |                               
           +--+  +-- Nodularia_douglasiae[1]  
              |  |                            
              +--+-- Nodularia_nuxpersicae    
                 |                            
                 +-- Nodularia_nipponensis

Choi et al., 2020 [Publ 4169], fig. 2a

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 9 9 4 -- 
  +-------- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus
  |                                  
--+     +-- Unio_pictorum            
  |  +--+                            
  |  |  +-- Tchangsinaia_piscicula   
  +--+                               
     |  +-- Cuneopsis_heudei **         
     +--+                            
        +-- Cuneopsis_rufescens **

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 2e

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 15 10 6 -- 
  +-------- Tchangsinaia_piscicula   
  |                                  
--+     +-- Cuneopsis_celtiformis **    
  |  +--+                            
  |  |  +-- Cuneopsis_heudei **         
  +--+                               
     |  +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus
     +--+                            
        +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus

Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S1, 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 3 0 2 74 8 5 3.0 
           +-- Nodularia_douglasiae     
  +--------+                            
  |        +-- Nodularia_nuxpersicae    
--+                                     
  |  +-------- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus
  +--+                                  
     |  +----- Cuneopsis_heudei **         
     +--+                               
        |  +-- Tchangsinaia_piscicula   
        +--+                            
           +-- Cuneopsis_rufescens **

Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S2, 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 3 0 2 74 8 5 3.0 
           +-- Nodularia_douglasiae     
  +--------+                            
  |        +-- Nodularia_nuxpersicae    
--+                                     
  |  +-------- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus
  +--+                                  
     |  +----- Cuneopsis_heudei **         
     +--+                               
        |  +-- Tchangsinaia_piscicula   
        +--+                            
           +-- Cuneopsis_rufescens **

Konopleva et al., 2023 [Publ 4269], fig. S1, 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 54 10 5 -- 
  +-------- Nodularia_douglasiae  
--+                               
  |  +----- Tchangsinaia_piscicula
  +--+                            
     |  +-- Cuneopsis_rufescens **   
     +--+                         
        +-- Cuneopsis_heudei **

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4296], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 21 11 7 -- 
                    +-- Aculamprotula_scripta        
  +-----------------+                                
  |                 +-- Aculamprotula_tientsinensis  
  |                                                  
--+                 +-- Cuneopsis_heudei **             
  |  +--------------+                                
  |  |              +-- Cuneopsis_rufescens **          
  |  |                                               
  +--+           +----- Nodularia_douglasiae         
     |  +--------+                                   
     |  |        |  +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus    
     |  |        +--+                                
     +--+           +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus       
        |                                            
        |  +----------- Tchangsinaia_piscicula       
        +--+                                         
           |  +-------- Inversiunio_yanagawensis     
           +--+                                      
              |  +----- Pseudocuneopsis_capitata     
              +--+                                   
                 |  +-- Pseudocuneopsis_yangshuoensis
                 +--+                                
                    +-- Pseudocuneopsis_sichuanensis

Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 38 15 9 -- 
              +----- Middendorffinaia_mongolica  
  +-----------+                                  
  |           |  +-- Nodularia_douglasiae        
  |           +--+                               
  |              +-- Nodularia_breviconcha       
  |                                              
  |              +-- Cuneopsis_celtiformis **       
--+  +-----------+                               
  |  |           +-- Cuneopsis_heudei **            
  |  |                                           
  |  |           +-- Diaurora_aurorea            
  |  |        +--+                               
  |  |        |  +-- Diaurora_laeve              
  |  +--------+                                  
  +--+        |  +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus   
     |        +--+                               
     |           +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus      
     |                                           
     |           +-- Pseudocuneopsis_sichuanensis
     |  +--------+                               
     |  |        +-- Pseudocuneopsis_capitata    
     |  |                                        
     +--+        +-- Inversiunio_yanagawensis    
        |  +-----+                               
        |  |     +-- Inversiunio_reinianus       
        +--+                                     
           |  +----- Tchangsinaia_piscicula      
           +--+                                  
              |  +-- Unio_pictorum               
              +--+                               
                 +-- Unio_crassus

Liu et al., 2023 [Publ 4310], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 22 12 7 -- 
                       +-- Aculamprotula_scripta        
  +--------------------+                                
  |                    +-- Aculamprotula_tientsinensis  
  |                                                     
--+                    +-- Cuneopsis_heudei **             
  |  +-----------------+                                
  |  |                 +-- Cuneopsis_rufescens **          
  |  |                                                  
  +--+              +----- Nodularia_douglasiae         
     |  +-----------+                                   
     |  |           |  +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus    
     |  |           +--+                                
     +--+              +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus       
        |                                               
        |  +-------------- Tchangsinaia_piscicula       
        +--+                                            
           |  +----------- Inversiunio_yanagawensis     
           +--+                                         
              |  +-------- Pseudocuneopsis_capitata     
              +--+                                      
                 |  +----- Pseudocuneopsis_sichuanensis 
                 +--+                                   
                    |  +-- Pseudocuneopsis_wuana        
                    +--+                                
                       +-- Pseudocuneopsis_yangshuoensis

Liu et al., 2023 [Publ 4310], fig. 5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 22 12 7 -- 
  +----------------- Unio_tumidus                 
  |                                               
  |              +-- Aculamprotula_tientsinensis  
  +--------------+                                
  |              +-- Aculamprotula_scripta        
  |                                               
--+              +-- Cuneopsis_rufescens **          
  |  +-----------+                                
  |  |           +-- Cuneopsis_heudei **             
  |  |                                            
  |  |        +----- Nodularia_douglasiae         
  |  +--------+                                   
  +--+        |  +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus    
     |        +--+                                
     |           +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus       
     |                                            
     |  +----------- Tchangsinaia_piscicula       
     |  |                                         
     +--+----------- Inversiunio_yanagawensis     
        |                                         
        |  +-------- Pseudocuneopsis_capitata     
        +--+                                      
           |  +----- Pseudocuneopsis_sichuanensis 
           +--+                                   
              |  +-- Pseudocuneopsis_wuana        
              +--+                                
                 +-- Pseudocuneopsis_yangshuoensis

Zhou et al., 2007 [Publ 2658], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 20 6 2 -- 
  +-- Nodularia_douglasiae 
--+                        
  +-- Cuneopsis_celtiformis **

Ouyang et al., 2011 [Publ 3408], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 12 2 2 -- 
  +-- Nodularia_douglasiae
--+                       
  +-- Cuneopsis_heudei **

Wang et al., 2018 [Publ 3846], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 31 7 4 -- 
  +----- Nodularia_douglasiae  
--+                            
  |  +-- Tchangsinaia_piscicula
  +--+                         
     +-- Cuneopsis_heudei **

Aunins et al., 2018 [Publ 3863], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 40 10 5 -- 
  +----- Tchangsinaia_piscicula   
--+                               
  |  +-- Cuneopsis_heudei **         
  +--+                            
     +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus

Wu et al., 2019 [Publ 3864], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 46 12 6 -- 
  +----- Tchangsinaia_piscicula   
--+                               
  |  +-- Cuneopsis_heudei **         
  +--+                            
     +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus

Fukata & Iigo, 2020 [Publ 4106], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 53 11 6 -- 
        +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus
  +-----+                            
  |     +-- Cuneopsis_heudei **         
--+                                  
  |  +----- Pseudocuneopsis_capitata 
  +--+                               
     |  +-- Nodularia_douglasiae     
     +--+                            
        +-- Tchangsinaia_piscicula

Fukata & Iigo, 2019 [Publ 4108], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 13 9 6 -- 
     +-- Nodularia_douglasiae     
  +--+                            
  |  +-- Tchangsinaia_piscicula   
--+                               
  |  +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus
  +--+                            
     +-- Cuneopsis_heudei **

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 49 13 6 -- 
  +----- Tchangsinaia_piscicula   
--+                               
  |  +-- Cuneopsis_heudei **         
  +--+                            
     +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 47 11 4 -- 
  +----- Cuneopsis_celtiformis **  
  |                             
--+  +-- Nodularia_douglasiae[1]
  |  |                          
  +--+-- Nodularia_douglasiae[2]
     |                          
     +-- Nodularia_nipponensis

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4147], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 29 9 6 -- 
  +----- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus
--+                               
  |  +-- Cuneopsis_heudei **         
  +--+                            
     +-- Tchangsinaia_piscicula

Choi et al., 2020 [Publ 4169], fig. 3a

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 4 4 2 -- 
        +-- Cuneopsis_heudei **     
  +-----+                        
  |     +-- Unio_pictorum        
--+                              
  |  +----- Nodularia_breviconcha
  +--+                           
     |  +-- Nodularia_douglasiae 
     +--+                        
        +-- Nodularia_nipponensis

Kim et al., 2021 [Publ 4197], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 14 8 4 -- 
     +-- Nodularia_douglasiae     
  +--+                            
  |  +-- Nodularia_breviconcha    
--+                               
  |  +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus
  +--+                            
     +-- Cuneopsis_heudei **

Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 52 6 6 -- 
  +----- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus
--+                               
  |  +-- Cuneopsis_celtiformis **    
  +--+                            
     +-- Tchangsinaia_piscicula

Page updated: 09:08:42 Thu 07 Dec 2023
 
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