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Page last updated
Wed 06 Nov 2024

The Freshwater Mussels (Unionoida) of the World (and other less consequential bivalves)

FM(U)otW(aolcb) is the web version of the MUSSEL Project Database. Follow the links to browse the data or use the custom Google search field. Either way, you win!

Cladomics pages are experimental — even more so than the rest of this site!

The purpose of the cladomics pages for each genus and family-group level taxon is to provide statistics and references indicating the extent to which published phylogenetic work supports the classification used here.

The Cladomics Summary provides an overview of the number of studies that have included terminal species representing this taxon as well as an indication of how frequently it has been recovered as monophyletic.

Following the summary, the available published clades representing the taxon are listed.

For more information, visit the Cladomics FARQ (frequently asked rhetorical questions) page. Abbreviations for the various statistics are explained on the FARQ!

Search the database pages:

Unionoida | Unionoidea | Unionidae | Unioninae | Anodontini | Alasmidontina

genus Lasmigona Rafinesque, 1831: cladomics
     3 valid species

Cladomics Summary

number of species = 3

analyzed in 65 cladograms in 40 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis = 3, mean = 1.26

Basic Monophyly

number of cladograms that test basic monophyly (i.e., more than 1 included species) = 16
maximum number of included terminals = 3, mean = 2.06
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly = 0.38


Pairwise Cladogram Clustering

The graphs below depict in two dimensions all pair-wise ingroup distances within the cladome. See the Cladmoics FARQ for more information.


PCoA Ordination


NJ tree


King et al., 1999 [Publ 2699], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 3 1 3 6 6 4 0.0

*** Top Monophyly Cladogram ***

  +----------- Pyganodon            
  |                                 
  |     +----- Lasmigona_costata **    
--+  +--+                           
  |  |  |  +-- Lasmigona_complanata ** 
  |  |  +--+                        
  +--+     +-- Lasmigona_alabamensis **
     |                              
     |  +----- Strophitus           
     +--+                           
        |  +-- Prolasmidonta        
        +--+                        
           +-- Platynaias           

Whelan et al., 2023 [Publ 4287], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 6 0 2 39 31 12 5.0

*** Top Sister-Group Cladogram ***

              +-- Utterbackia         
  +-----------+                       
  |           +-- Pyganodon           
  |                                   
  |     +-------- Utterbackiana       
  |     |                             
--+  +--+     +-- Lasmigona_costata **   
  |  |  |  +--+                       
  |  |  |  |  +-- Pseudodontoideus    
  |  |  +--+                          
  |  |     |  +-- Lasmigona_complanata **
  |  |     +--+                       
  +--+        +-- Arcidens            
     |                                
     |     +----- Pressodonta         
     |  +--+                          
     |  |  |  +-- Anodontoides        
     |  |  +--+                       
     |  |     +-- Strophitus          
     +--+                             
        |     +-- Prolasmidonta       
        |  +--+                       
        |  |  +-- Platynaias          
        +--+                          
           |  +-- Alasminota          
           +--+                       
              +-- Alasmidonta         

Zanatta et al., 2007 [Publ 2698], fig. 1A

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 3 0 2 14 12 4 2.0
  +-- Platynaias          
  |                       
--+-- Lasmigona_costata **   
  |                       
  +-- Lasmigona_complanata **

Hoeh, 1990 [Publ 2717], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 3 0 2 13 11 4 2.0
  +-- Lasmigona_complanata **
  |                       
--+-- Platynaias          
  |                       
  +-- Lasmigona_costata **   

Inoue et al., 2018 [Publ 3858], fig. 1_3a-c

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 20 0 2 102 14 8 20.0
  +-- Alasmidonta_marginata      
  |                              
  +-- Prolasmidonta              
  |                              
  +-- Alasmidonta_undulata       
  |                              
  +-- Beringiana                 
  |                              
  +-- Anodonta_kennerlyi         
  |                              
  +-- Anodonta_nuttalliana       
  |                              
  +-- Anodonta_oregonensis       
  |                              
  +-- Arcidens_confragosus       
  |                              
  +-- Arcidens_wheeleri          
  |                              
  +-- Lasmigona_complanata **       
  |                              
--+-- Platynaias_compressa       
  |                              
  +-- Lasmigona_costata **          
  |                              
  +-- Platynaias_decorata        
  |                              
  +-- Platynaias_subviridis      
  |                              
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis          
  |                              
  +-- Pyganodon_lacustris        
  |                              
  +-- Pseudodontoideus           
  |                              
  +-- Strophitus                 
  |                              
  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis     
  |                              
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis__1
  |                              
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis__2

Hoeh, 1990 [Publ 2717], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 15 0 2 13 11 4 15.0
  +----- Pyganodon_fragilis         
  |                                 
  +----- Utterbackia_imbecillis     
  |                                 
  +----- Utterbackia_peggyae        
  |                                 
  +----- Anodonta_cygnea            
  |                                 
  +----- Anodonta_kennerlyi         
  |                                 
  +----- Utterbackiana_couperiana__1
  |                                 
--+----- Utterbackiana_couperiana__2
  |                                 
  +----- Utterbackiana_suborbiculata
  |                                 
  |  +-- Lasmigona_costata **          
  +--+                              
  |  +-- Utterbackiana_implicata    
  |                                 
  |  +-- Lasmigona_complanata **       
  |  |                              
  |  +-- Platynaias                 
  |  |                              
  |  +-- Pyganodon_cataracta        
  +--+                              
     +-- Pyganodon_gibbosa          
     |                              
     +-- Pyganodon_grandis          
     |                              
     +-- Pyganodon_lacustris        

Boyer et al., 2011 [Publ 2718], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 3 0 2 36 7 7 2.0
  +-------------- Strophitus          
  |                                   
  |        +----- Lasmigona_complanata **
--+  +-----+                          
  |  |     |  +-- Lasmigona_costata **   
  |  |     +--+                       
  +--+        +-- Arcidens            
     |                                
     |  +-------- Utterbackia         
     |  |                             
     +--+-------- Alasmidonta         
        |                             
        |  +----- Pyganodon           
        +--+                          
           |  +-- Anodontoides        
           +--+                       
              +-- Platynaias          

Zanatta et al., 2007 [Publ 2698], fig. 1B

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 3 0 2 14 12 4 2.0
  +-- Lasmigona_costata **   
  |                       
--+-- Platynaias          
  |                       
  +-- Lasmigona_complanata **

Hoeh, 1990 [Publ 2717], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 3 0 2 13 11 4 2.0
  +-- Lasmigona_complanata **
  |                       
--+-- Platynaias          
  |                       
  +-- Lasmigona_costata **   

Hewitt et al., 2018 [Publ 3758], fig. 5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 3 0 2 7 4 4 2.0
  +-------- Pyganodon           
  |                             
  |     +-- Platynaias          
--+-----+                       
  |     +-- Strophitus          
  |                             
  |  +----- Lasmigona_costata **   
  +--+                          
     |  +-- Arcidens            
     +--+                       
        +-- Lasmigona_complanata **

King et al., 1999 [Publ 2699], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 4 4 3 --
     +-- Lasmigona_complanata **
  +--+                       
  |  +-- Lasmigona_costata **   
--+                          
  |  +-- Prolasmidonta       
  |  |                       
  +--+-- Strophitus          
     |                       
     +-- Platynaias          

Breton et al., 2011 [Publ 3376], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 35 9 5 --
           +-- Lasmigona_complanata **
  +--------+                       
  |        +-- Lasmigona_costata **   
--+                                
  |  +-------- Strophitus          
  |  |                             
  +--+     +-- Platynaias          
     |  +--+                       
     |  |  +-- Alasmidonta         
     +--+                          
        |  +-- Pyganodon           
        +--+                       
           +-- Utterbackia         

Boyer et al., 2011 [Publ 2718], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 33 4 4 --
  +----- Alasmidonta         
  |                          
  +----- Pyganodon           
  |                          
--+  +-- Lasmigona_complanata **
  +--+                       
  |  +-- Lasmigona_costata **   
  |                          
  |  +-- Platynaias          
  +--+                       
     +-- Strophitus          

Krebs et al., 2003 [Publ 2691], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 31 7 6 --
  +-- Lasmigona_complanata **
--+                       
  +-- Lasmigona_costata **   

Inoue et al., 2014 [Publ 3635], fig. 3A

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 4 0 2 18 12 7 3.0
     +-------- Pseudodontoideus    
  +--+                             
  |  |  +----- Lasmigona_costata **   
  |  +--+                          
  |     |  +-- Lasmigona_complanata **
--+     +--+                       
  |        +-- Arcidens            
  |                                
  |  +-------- Strophitus          
  |  |                             
  +--+     +-- Pyganodon           
     |  +--+                       
     |  |  +-- Utterbackia         
     +--+                          
        |  +-- Platynaias          
        +--+                       
           +-- Alasmidonta         

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3847], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 36 9 5 --
           +-- Pyganodon           
  +--------+                       
  |        +-- Utterbackia         
  |                                
--+        +-- Lasmigona_costata **   
  |  +-----+                       
  |  |     +-- Lasmigona_complanata **
  +--+                             
     |  +----- Alasmidonta         
     +--+                          
        |  +-- Strophitus          
        +--+                       
           +-- Platynaias          

Campbell et al., 2005 [Publ 2660], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 101 3 3 --
  +-- Lasmigona_costata **
--+                    
  +-- Pseudodontoideus 

Jadhav & Jamkhedkar, 2009 [Publ 3697], fig. 11

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 24 3 3 --
  +----- Lasmigona_costata **
  |                       
--+  +-- Strophitus       
  |  |                    
  +--+-- Alasmidonta      
     |                    
     +-- Pyganodon        

Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S1_1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 75 4 4 --
        +-- Pyganodon        
  +-----+                    
  |     +-- Simpsonaias      
--+                          
  |  +----- Strophitus       
  +--+                       
     |  +-- Alasmidonta      
     +--+                    
        +-- Lasmigona_costata **

Moyer & Díaz-Ferguson, 2012 [Publ 3375], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 5 2 1 --
  +-- Lasmigona_costata **
--+                    
  +-- Platynaias       

Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-ML

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 35 1 1 --
  +-- Pyganodon        
--+                    
  +-- Lasmigona_costata **

Bolotov et al., 2018 [Publ 3826], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 82 4 4 --
  +----------- Pyganodon        
--+                             
  |  +-------- Simpsonaias      
  +--+                          
     |  +----- Strophitus       
     +--+                       
        |  +-- Alasmidonta      
        +--+                    
           +-- Lasmigona_costata **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 6

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 90 2 2 --
-- Lasmigona_costata

Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2648], fig. 2A

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 29 4 3 --
     +-- Alasmidonta      
  +--+                    
  |  +-- Lasmigona_costata **
--+                       
  |  +-- Strophitus       
  +--+                    
     +-- Pyganodon        

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4296], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 22 2 2 --
  +----- Lasmigona_costata **
--+                       
  |  +-- Strophitus       
  +--+                    
     +-- Pyganodon        

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-aa

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 95 6 5 --
        +-- Pyganodon           
  +-----+                       
  |     +-- Utterbackia         
  |                             
--+     +-- Alasmidonta         
  |  +--+                       
  |  |  +-- Platynaias          
  +--+                          
     |  +-- Prolasmidonta       
     +--+                       
        +-- Lasmigona_complanata **

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 15 4 3 --
     +-- Lasmigona_costata **
  +--+                    
  |  +-- Platynaias       
--+                       
  |  +-- Pyganodon        
  +--+                    
     +-- Utterbackia      

Campbell et al., 2005 [Publ 2660], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 101 3 3 --
  +----- Pyganodon        
--+                       
  |  +-- Lasmigona_costata **
  +--+                    
     +-- Pseudodontoideus 

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 2-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 9 2 2 --
-- Lasmigona_costata

Lydeard et al., 1996 [Publ 2656], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 27 4 4 --
  +----- Strophitus       
--+                       
  |  +-- Lasmigona_costata **
  +--+                    
     +-- Alasmidonta      

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 197 6 5 --
-- Lasmigona_costata

Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 33 4 4 --
  +----------- Utterbackiana    
--+                             
  |  +-------- Utterbackia      
  +--+                          
     |  +----- Strophitus       
     +--+                       
        |  +-- Alasmidonta      
        +--+                    
           +-- Lasmigona_costata **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8b_S2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 91 6 5 --
           +-- Pyganodon           
  +--------+                       
  |        +-- Utterbackia         
--+                                
  |  +-------- Lasmigona_complanata **
  +--+                             
     |  +----- Prolasmidonta       
     +--+                          
        |  +-- Alasmidonta         
        +--+                       
           +-- Platynaias          

Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 33 4 4 --
  +----- Utterbackia      
  |                       
--+----- Utterbackiana    
  |                       
  |  +-- Alasmidonta      
  +--+                    
     +-- Lasmigona_costata **

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 44 3 2 --
  +----- Lasmigona_complanata **
--+                          
  |  +-- Pyganodon           
  +--+                       
     +-- Utterbackia         

Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-MP

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 35 1 1 --
  +-- Pyganodon        
--+                    
  +-- Lasmigona_costata **

Graf & Cummings, 2006 [Publ 1968], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 46 3 3 --
  +-------- Lasmigona_costata **
--+                          
  |  +----- Alasmidonta      
  +--+                       
     |  +-- Pyganodon        
     +--+                    
        +-- Strophitus       

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4379], fig. 5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 53 6 5 --
           +-- Pyganodon           
  +--------+                       
  |        +-- Utterbackia         
--+                                
  |  +-------- Lasmigona_complanata **
  +--+                             
     |  +----- Prolasmidonta       
     +--+                          
        |  +-- Alasmidonta         
        +--+                       
           +-- Platynaias          

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 197 6 5 --
-- Lasmigona_costata

Metzger et al., 2018 [Publ 3952], fig. 1C

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 2 0 0 --
-- Lasmigona_costata

Chong et al., 2008 [Publ 2668], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 17 7 7 --
  +-- Pseudodontoideus    
  |                       
--+-- Alasmidonta         
  |                       
  +-- Lasmigona_complanata **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 195 6 5 --
  +-- Alasmidonta      
--+                    
  +-- Lasmigona_costata **

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 138 4 4 --
  +----- Pyganodon        
  |                       
  +----- Simpsonaias      
--+                       
  +----- Strophitus       
  |                       
  |  +-- Alasmidonta      
  +--+                    
     +-- Lasmigona_costata **

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3764], fig. S1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 124 4 4 --
-- Lasmigona_costata

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3745], fig. 1-2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 79 4 4 --
        +-- Pyganodon        
  +-----+                    
  |     +-- Simpsonaias      
--+                          
  |  +----- Strophitus       
  +--+                       
     |  +-- Alasmidonta      
     +--+                    
        +-- Lasmigona_costata **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 56 3 2 --
  +----- Lasmigona_costata **
--+                       
  |  +-- Pyganodon        
  +--+                    
     +-- Utterbackia      

Krebs, 2004 [Publ 2692], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 4 1 1 --
  +-- Lasmigona_costata **
--+                    
  +-- Pyganodon        

Krebs, 2004 [Publ 2692], fig. 2-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 3 1 1 --
  +-- Lasmigona_costata **
--+                    
  +-- Pyganodon        

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 2-4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 119 4 4 --
  +----- Pyganodon        
  |                       
  +----- Simpsonaias      
--+                       
  +----- Strophitus       
  |                       
  |  +-- Alasmidonta      
  +--+                    
     +-- Lasmigona_costata **

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 6

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 44 3 2 --
  +----- Lasmigona_complanata **
--+                          
  |  +-- Pyganodon           
  +--+                       
     +-- Utterbackia         

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8a_S1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 91 6 5 --
           +-- Pyganodon           
  +--------+                       
  |        +-- Utterbackia         
--+                                
  |  +-------- Lasmigona_complanata **
  +--+                             
     |  +----- Prolasmidonta       
     +--+                          
        |  +-- Alasmidonta         
        +--+                       
           +-- Platynaias          

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 46 3 3 --
  +-------- Lasmigona_costata **
--+                          
  |  +----- Alasmidonta      
  +--+                       
     |  +-- Strophitus       
     +--+                    
        +-- Pyganodon        

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 2_I

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 90 2 2 --
-- Lasmigona_costata

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-nt

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 95 6 5 --
           +-- Pyganodon           
  +--------+                       
  |        +-- Utterbackia         
--+                                
  |  +-------- Lasmigona_complanata **
  +--+                             
     |  +----- Prolasmidonta       
     +--+                          
        |  +-- Alasmidonta         
        +--+                       
           +-- Platynaias          

Liu et al., 2023 [Publ 4310], fig. 5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 23 2 2 --
-- Lasmigona_costata

Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 39 1 1 --
  +-- Alasmidonta      
--+                    
  +-- Lasmigona_costata **

Pfeiffer & Graf, 2015 [Publ 3620], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 39 1 1 --
  +-- Pyganodon        
--+                    
  +-- Lasmigona_costata **

Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 39 1 1 --
  +-- Alasmidonta      
--+                    
  +-- Lasmigona_costata **

Lydeard et al., 1996 [Publ 2656], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 26 5 4 --
        +-- Utterbackia             
  +-----+                           
  |     +-- Utterbackiana_couperiana
--+                                 
  |  +----- Strophitus              
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Lasmigona_costata **       
     +--+                           
        +-- Alasmidonta             

Liu et al., 2023 [Publ 4310], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 23 2 2 --
  +----- Lasmigona_costata **
--+                       
  |  +-- Strophitus       
  +--+                    
     +-- Pyganodon        

Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2648], fig. 2B

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 29 4 3 --
     +-- Alasmidonta      
  +--+                    
  |  +-- Lasmigona_costata **
--+                       
  |  +-- Strophitus       
  +--+                    
     +-- Pyganodon        

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 45 3 3 --
  +-------- Lasmigona_costata **
--+                          
  |  +----- Alasmidonta      
  +--+                       
     |  +-- Strophitus       
     +--+                    
        +-- Pyganodon        

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 138 4 4 --
        +-- Lasmigona_costata **
  +-----+                    
  |     +-- Alasmidonta      
--+                          
  |  +----- Simpsonaias      
  +--+                       
     |  +-- Pyganodon        
     +--+                    
        +-- Strophitus       

Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S2_2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 75 4 4 --
        +-- Alasmidonta      
  +-----+                    
  |     +-- Lasmigona_costata **
--+                          
  |  +----- Pyganodon        
  +--+                       
     |  +-- Strophitus       
     +--+                    
        +-- Simpsonaias      

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 45 3 3 --
  +-------- Lasmigona_costata **
--+                          
  |  +----- Alasmidonta      
  +--+                       
     |  +-- Strophitus       
     +--+                    
        +-- Pyganodon        

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