| Page last updated
Thu 15 May 2025 |
The Freshwater Mussels (Unionoida) of the World (and other less consequential bivalves)
FM(U)otW(aolcb) is the web version of the MUSSEL Project Database. Follow the links to browse the data or use the custom Google search field. Either way, you win!
This page documents data for Graf & Cummings (2006), such as genera and species attributed to that publication (including known misspellings, misidentifications, and other unavailable names) as well as taxonomic opinions, if available. Taxonomic opinions refer to uses of genera and species as valid and invalid in that work.
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Publication information
Graf, D.L. & K.S. Cummings. 2006. Palaeoheterodont diversity (Mollusca: Trigonioida + Unionoida): what we know and what we wish we knew about freshwater mussel evolution. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 148: 343-394.
Click here for online access.
Cladogram Figures
(click the figure number to see the cladogram) fig. 2
Attributed Species Names
Lasmigona compressa Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000
‘Lea’ of Authors.
Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000, J. Moll. Studies 66: 160.
Graf & Cummings, 2006, Zool. J. Linn. Soc. 148: 348.
Hoeh et al., 2009, Malacologia 51(2): 310.
Jadhav & Jamkhedkar, 2009, Res. J. BioTech. 4(1): 43.
Whelan et al., 2011, MPE 61: 506.
Lopes-Lima et al., 2017, MPE 106: 177.
Bolotov et al., 2017, Sci. Repts. 7: Table S1.
Bolotov et al., 2017, Sci. Repts. 7: Table S1.
Bolotov et al., 2018, Sci. Repts. 8: Table S1.
Huang et al., 2019, MPE 130: Table S4.
Lopes-Lima et al., 2020, MPE 146: Table 1.
Wu et al., 2021, J. Lake Sci. 33(6): attached Table 1.
Jeratthitikul et al., 2022, Sci. Repts. 12: Table S1.
Wu et al., 2023, ZooKeys 1166: 263, Table 1.
Liu et al., 2023, ZooKeys 1179: Table 1.
(misidentified reference to Symphynota compressa Lea, 1829)
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Pseudodon vondembuschianus Graf, 2002
‘Lea’ of Authors.
Graf, 2002, J. Moll. Studies 68: 66.
Graf & Cummings, 2006, Zool. J. Linn. Soc. 148: 348.
Hoeh et al., 2009, Malacologia 51(2): 310.
Whelan et al., 2011, MPE 61: 506. [in part]
Pfeiffer & Graf, 2015, Zool. J. Linn. Soc. 175(2): 310. [in part]
Bolotov et al., 2017, Sci. Repts. 7: Table S1 [as ‘Monodontina aff. vondembuschiana sp. 2’]. [in part]
Bolotov et al., 2017, Sci. Repts. 7: Table S1 [as ‘Pseudodon aff. vondembuschianus sp. 2’]. [in part]
Konopleva et al., 2017, Systemat. Biodiv. 15(3): 207. [in part]
Bolotov et al., 2018, Sci. Repts. 8: Table S1 [as ‘Monodontina aff. vondembuschiana sp. 2’]. [in part]
Huang et al., 2019, MPE 130: Table S4 [as ‘Monodontina aff. vondembuschiana sp. 2’]. [in part]
Konopleva et al., 2019, Sci. Repts. 9: Table S1 [as ‘Monodontina aff. vondembuschiana sp. 2’]. [in part]
(reference to Margaritana vondembuschiana Lea, 1840)
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Pilsbryoconcha exilis Graf, 2002
‘Lea’ of Authors.
Graf, 2002, J. Moll. Studies 68: 66.
Graf & Cummings, 2006, Zool. J. Linn. Soc. 148: 372.
Hoeh et al., 2009, Malacologia 51(2): 310.
Lopes-Lima et al., 2017, MPE 106: 177. [in part]
(reference to Anodonta exilis Lea, 1838)
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Lortiella froggattii Graf & Cummings, 2006
‘Iredale’ of Authors.
‘Iredale’ Graf & Cummings, 2006, Zool. J. Linn. Soc. 148: 365.
‘Iredale’ Graf & Cummings, 2007, J. Moll. Studies 73: 313.
Bogan, 2010, FADA: [20].
(error for Lortiella froggatti Iredale, 1934)
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Velesunio ambiguous Graf & Cummings, 2006
‘Philippi’ Graf & Cummings, 2006, Zool. J. Linn. Soc. 148: 348, table 2.
‘Philippi’ Pfeiffer & Graf, 2015, Zool. J. Linn. Soc. 175(2): [4].
(error for Unio ambiguus Philippi, 1847)
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Taxonomic Opinions
Acostaea rivolii (Deshayes, 1827)
Actinonaias carinata (Barnes, 1823)
Alasmidonta marginata Say, 1818
Amblema plicata (Say, 1817)
Anodontites guanarensis Marshall, 1927
Anodontites trigonus (Spix, 1827)
Aspatharia chaiziana (Rang, 1835)
Aspatharia rugifera (Dunker, 1858)
Cafferia caffra (Krauss, 1848)
Castalia ambigua (Lamarck, 1819)
Castalia stevensi (Baker, H.B., 1930)
Chambardia wahlbergi (Krauss, 1848)
Coelatura aegyptiaca (Cailliaud, 1827)
Contradens contradens (Lea, 1838)
Cumberlandia monodonta (Say, 1829)
Diplodon chilensis (Gray, 1828)
Diplodon rotundus (Spix & Wagner, 1827)
+ Diplodon (Cyclomya s.s.) fontainianus var. deceptus Simpson, 1914
Elliptio dilatata (Rafinesque, 1820)
Epioblasma triquetra (Rafinesque, 1820)
Etheria elliptica Lamarck, 1807
Fusconaia ebena (Lea, 1831)
Fusconaia flava (Rafinesque, 1820)
Gonidea angulata (Lea, 1838)
Hyridella australis (Lamarck, 1819)
Hyridella depressa (Lamarck, 1819)
Hyridella menziesi (Gray in Dieffenbach, 1843)
Lamellidens marginalis (Lamarck, 1819)
Lampsilis cardium Rafinesque, 1820
Lasmigona compressa (Lea, 1829)
Leila blainvilliana (Lea, 1834)
Ligumia recta (Lamarck, 1819)
Lortiella froggattii [sic] Iredale, 1934
Lortiella rugata (Sowerby, 1868)
Margaritifera margaritifera (Linnaeus, 1758)
Monocondylaea minuana (d’Orbigny, 1835)
Mutela dubia (Gmelin, 1791)
Mutela rostrata (Rang, 1835)
Mycetopoda pittieri Marshall, 1927
Neotrigonia margaritacea (Lamarck, 1804)
Obliquaria reflexa Rafinesque, 1820
Parreysia olivarius (Lea, 1831)
+ Diplasma (Hemisolasma?) vitrea Rafinesque, 1831
Pilsbryoconcha exilis (Lea, 1838)
Pleiodon ovata (Swainson, 1823)
Pleurobema coccineum (Lea, 1838)
Prisodon obliquus Schumacher, 1817
Pseudodon vondembuschianus (Lea, 1840)
Pseudomulleria dalyi (Smith, E.A., 1898)
Ptychobranchus fasciolaris (Rafinesque, 1820)
Pyganodon grandis (Say, 1829)
Quadrula quadrula (Rafinesque, 1820)
Strophitus undulatus (Say, 1817)
Tritogonia verrucosa (Rafinesque, 1820)
Truncilla truncata Rafinesque, 1820
Unio pictorum (Linnaeus, 1758)
Velesunio ambiguous [sic] (Philippi, 1847)
Velesunio angasi (Sowerby, 1867)
Villosa iris (Lea, 1829)
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Cladogram Figure 2
+----------------------------------------- Neotrigonia_margaritacea
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| +----- Velesunio_ambiguus
| +--------+
| | | +-- Velesunio_angasi
| | +--+
| +--+ +-- Lortiella_rugata
| | |
| | | +----------- Echyridella_menziesii
| | | |
| | +--+ +-- Hyridella_depressa
| | | +-----+
| | | | +-- Hyridella_australis
| | +--+
| | | +----- Castalia
--+ | +--+
| +--------------------+ | +-- Diplodon_chilensis
| | | +--+
| | | +-- Diplodon_gratus
| | |
| | | +----- Etheria_elliptica
| | | +-----+
| | | | | +-- Mulleria_rivoli
| | | | +--+
| | | | +-- Pseudomulleria_dalyi
| | | |
| | +-----+ +----- Monocondylaea_minuana
| | | +--+
| | | | | +-- Anodontites_trigona
| | | | +--+
| | | | +-- Anodontites_guanarensis
+--+ +--+
| | +-- Chambardia_wahlbergi
| | +--+
| | | +-- Aspatharia_rugifera
| +--+
| | +-- Mutela_dubia
| +--+
| +-- Mutela_rostrata
|
| +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera
| +--------------------------------+
| | +-- Cumberlandia_monodonta
| |
| | +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis
| | +-----------------------------+
+--+ | +-- Pseudodon_vondembuschianus
| |
| | +----------------------------- Coelatura_aegyptiaca
| | |
| | +----------------------------- Lens_contradens
+--+ |
| | +-- Unio_pictorum
| | +--------+
| | | +-- Unio_caffer
| +-----------------+
| | | +-------- Lasmigona_costata
+--+ +--+
| | +----- Alasmidonta_marginata
| +--+
| | +-- Pyganodon_grandis
| +--+
| +-- Strophitus_undulatus
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| +-------------------------- Gonidea_angulata
| |
| | +-- Quadrula_verrucosa
+--+ +--------------------+
| | +-- Quadrula_quadrula
| |
+--+ +-------------------- Amblema_plicata
| |
| | +----- Eurynia_dilatata
+--+ +-----------+
| | | +-- Fusconaia_flava
| | +--+
| | +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia
+--+
| +-------------- Obliquaria_reflexa
| |
| +-------------- Truncilla_truncata
+--+
+-------------- Ptychobranchus_fasciolaris
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| +----------- Ligumia_recta
+--+
| +-------- Cambarunio_iris
+--+
| +----- Epioblasma_triquetra
+--+
| +-- Lampsilis_cardium
+--+
+-- Ortmanniana_ligamentina
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Page updated: 08:13:32 Thu 15 May 2025 |
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