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Page last updated
Sun 07 Sep 2025

The Freshwater Mussels (Unionoida) of the World (and other less consequential bivalves)

FM(U)otW(aolcb) is the web version of the MUSSEL Project Database. Follow the links to browse the data or use the custom Google search field. Either way, you win!

Cladomics pages are experimental — even more so than the rest of this site!

The purpose of the cladomics pages for each genus and family-group level taxon is to provide statistics and references indicating the extent to which published phylogenetic work supports the classification used here.

The Cladomics Summary provides an overview of the number of studies that have included terminal species representing this taxon as well as an indication of how frequently it has been recovered as monophyletic.

Following the summary, the available published clades representing the taxon are listed.

For more information, visit the Cladomics FARQ (frequently asked rhetorical questions) page. Abbreviations for the various statistics are explained on the FARQ!

The MUSSEL Project Database has moved to a new server, with a new URL! The new address for this page is: https://musselpdb.org/db.php?ty=validfam_cld&id=Cristariina

Search the database pages:

Bivalvia | Unionoida | Unionoidea | Unionidae | Unioninae | Anodontini

subtribe CRISTARIINA Lopes-Lima, Bogan & Froufe in Lopes-Lima et al., 2017: cladomics
     10 genera

Cladomics Summary

number of species = 39
number of subtaxa (rank: genus) = 10

analyzed in 185 cladograms in 107 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis = 33, mean = 4.65
maximum number of subtaxa (genus) in an analysis = 8, mean = 2.61

Basic Monophyly

number of cladograms that test basic monophyly (i.e., more than 1 included species) = 132
maximum number of included terminals = 33, mean = 6.11
maximum number of subtaxa (genus) = 8, mean = 3.25
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly = 0.85

Rigorous Monophyly

number of cladograms that test rigorous monophyly = 81
(Rigorous monophyly refers to cladograms with terminal species representing more than one subtaxon (genus) taxon and at least one rigorous outgroup (subtribe).
maximum number of included terminals = 27, mean = 5.21
maximum number of subtaxa (genus) = 7, mean = 3.42
proportion of cladograms that support rigorous monophyly = 0.83

Pairwise Cladogram Clustering

The graphs below depict in two dimensions all pair-wise ingroup distances within the cladome. See the Cladmoics FARQ for more information.


PCoA Ordination


NJ tree

Wu et al., 2025 [Publ 4442], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
33 33 31 8 2 0 0 0.0

*** Top Monophyly Cladogram *** 

  +----------------- Cristaria **                  
  |                                             
  |           +----- Beringiana **                 
--+  +--------+                                 
  |  |        |  +-- Acudonta **                   
  |  |        +--+                              
  |  |           +-- Sinanodonta **                
  +--+                                          
     |        +----- Pletholophus_guangzhouensis **
     |  +-----+                                 
     |  |     |  +-- Pletholophus_tenuis **        
     |  |     +--+                              
     +--+        +-- Pletholophus_reinianus **     
        |                                       
        |  +-------- Pletholophus_honglinhensis ** 
        +--+                                    
           |  +----- Anemina **                    
           +--+                                 
              |  +-- Amuranodonta **               
              +--+                              
                 +-- Buldowskia **

Whelan et al., 2023 [Publ 4287], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 2 37 37 2 29.0

*** Top Sister-Group Cladogram ***

           +-- Anemina **             
  +--------+                       
  |        +-- Sinanodonta **         
--+                                
  |  +-------- Anodonta_cygnea     
  |  |                             
  +--+     +-- Anodonta_nuttalliana
     |  +--+                       
     |  |  +-- Pseudanodonta       
     +--+                          
        |  +-- Anodonta_anatina    
        +--+                       
           +-- Alasmidontina

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4385], fig. 3-ML

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
27 27 25 7 4 0 0 20.0 
        +----- Amuranodonta **
  +-----+                  
  |     |  +-- Anemina **     
  |     +--+               
--+        +-- Buldowskia **  
  |                        
  |  +-------- Cristaria **   
  +--+                     
     |  +----- Pletholophus **
     +--+                  
        |  +-- Beringiana **  
        +--+               
           +-- Sinanodonta **

Xiang et al., 2025 [Publ 4433], fig. 6

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
27 27 25 8 1 0 0 20.0 
  +-------------- Pletholophus **
  |                           
  |        +----- Beringiana **  
--+  +-----+                  
  |  |     |  +-- Mimo **        
  |  |     +--+               
  +--+        +-- Sinanodonta ** 
     |                        
     |  +-------- Cristaria **   
     +--+                     
        |  +----- Anemina **     
        +--+                  
           |  +-- Amuranodonta **
           +--+               
              +-- Buldowskia **

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4385], fig. 3-BI

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
27 27 24 7 4 0 0 21.0 
        +----- Amuranodonta **
  +-----+                  
  |     |  +-- Anemina **     
  |     +--+               
--+        +-- Buldowskia **  
  |                        
  |  +-------- Cristaria **   
  +--+                     
     |  +----- Pletholophus **
     +--+                  
        |  +-- Beringiana **  
        +--+               
           +-- Sinanodonta **

Bogan et al., 2023 [Publ 4295], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
27 27 24 7 4 1 1 21.0 
  +-------------- Anodontina  
  |                           
--+  +----------- Cristaria **   
  |  |                        
  |  |     +----- Amuranodonta **
  +--+  +--+                  
     |  |  |  +-- Anemina **     
     |  |  +--+               
     +--+     +-- Buldowskia **  
        |                     
        |  +----- Pletholophus **
        +--+                  
           |  +-- Beringiana **  
           +--+               
              +-- Sinanodonta **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 2-4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
24 24 19 7 97 9 2 20.0 
           +-- Pseudanodonta
           |                
  +--------+-- Anodonta     
  |        |                
  |        +-- Alasmidontina
  |                         
--+  +-------- Cristaria **    
  |  |                      
  |  |  +----- Anemina **      
  |  +--+                   
  +--+  |  +-- Amuranodonta ** 
     |  +--+                
     |     +-- Buldowskia **   
     |                      
     |  +----- Pletholophus ** 
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Beringiana **   
        +--+                
           +-- Sinanodonta **

Sano et al., 2022 [Publ 4311], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
18 18 16 5 0 0 0 21.0 
        +-- Beringiana **  
  +-----+               
  |     +-- Sinanodonta ** 
--+                     
  |  +----- Pletholophus **
  +--+                  
     |  +-- Cristaria **   
     +--+               
        +-- Buldowskia **

Wu et al., 2025 [Publ 4442], fig. 6

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
15 15 13 8 2 0 0 24.0 
  +----------- Cristaria **   
  |                        
  |     +----- Amuranodonta **
--+  +--+                  
  |  |  |  +-- Anemina **     
  |  |  +--+               
  |  |     +-- Buldowskia **  
  +--+                     
     |     +-- Beringiana **  
     |  +--+               
     |  |  +-- Pletholophus **
     +--+                  
        |  +-- Acudonta **    
        +--+               
           +-- Sinanodonta **

Douda et al., 2024 [Publ 4364], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
13 13 12 2 1 0 0 22.0 
  +-- Beringiana ** 
--+              
  +-- Sinanodonta **

Konopleva et al., 2023 [Publ 4269], fig. S1_4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
13 13 11 6 43 3 1 24.0 
  +----------- Anodontina  
  |                        
  |     +----- Anemina **     
--+  +--+                  
  |  |  |  +-- Amuranodonta **
  |  |  +--+               
  +--+     +-- Buldowskia **  
     |                     
     |  +----- Cristaria **   
     +--+                  
        |  +-- Beringiana **  
        +--+               
           +-- Sinanodonta **

Bogan et al., 2023 [Publ 4295], fig. 6

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
12 12 9 3 1 0 0 28.0 
  +----- Pletholophus **
--+                  
  |  +-- Cristaria **   
  +--+               
     +-- Sinanodonta **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 10

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
12 12 8 2 2 0 0 25.0 
  +-- Beringiana ** 
--+              
  +-- Sinanodonta **

Sano et al., 2022 [Publ 4311], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
12 12 12 5 0 0 0 33.0 
        +-- Beringiana **  
  +-----+               
  |     +-- Sinanodonta ** 
--+                     
  |  +----- Pletholophus **
  +--+                  
     |  +-- Cristaria **   
     +--+               
        +-- Buldowskia **

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
11 35 37 6 57 8 2 53.0 
                                +-- Anemina **      
  +-----------------------------+                
  |                             +-- Buldowskia **   
  |                                              
--+                          +----- Sinanodonta **  
  |  +-----------------------+                   
  |  |                       |  +-- Pletholophus ** 
  |  |                       +--+                
  +--+                          +-- Beringiana **   
     |                                           
     |  +-------------------------- Cristaria **    
     |  |                                        
     +--+                       +-- Anodontina   
        |  +--------------------+                
        |  |                    +-- Alasmidontina
        +--+                                     
           |  +-------------------- Lanceolaria  
           +--+                                  
              |  +----------------- Lepidodesma  
              +--+                               
                 |  +-------------- Aculamprotula
                 +--+                            
                    |  +----------- Unio         
                    +--+                         
                       |  +-------- Inversiunio  
                       +--+                      
                          |  +----- Nodularia    
                          +--+                   
                             |  +-- Schistodesmus
                             +--+                
                                +-- Tchangsinaia

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
11 35 37 6 57 8 2 53.0 
                                +-- Anemina **      
  +-----------------------------+                
  |                             +-- Buldowskia **   
  |                                              
--+                          +----- Sinanodonta **  
  |  +-----------------------+                   
  |  |                       |  +-- Pletholophus ** 
  |  |                       +--+                
  +--+                          +-- Beringiana **   
     |                                           
     |  +-------------------------- Cristaria **    
     |  |                                        
     +--+                       +-- Anodontina   
        |  +--------------------+                
        |  |                    +-- Alasmidontina
        +--+                                     
           |  +-------------------- Lepidodesma  
           +--+                                  
              |  +----------------- Lanceolaria  
              +--+                               
                 |  +-------------- Aculamprotula
                 +--+                            
                    |  +----------- Unio         
                    +--+                         
                       |  +-------- Nodularia    
                       +--+                      
                          |  +----- Inversiunio  
                          +--+                   
                             |  +-- Schistodesmus
                             +--+                
                                +-- Tchangsinaia

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
11 35 36 6 57 8 2 51.0 
                                +-- Anemina **      
  +-----------------------------+                
  |                             +-- Buldowskia **   
  |                                              
--+                          +----- Pletholophus ** 
  |  +-----------------------+                   
  |  |                       |  +-- Beringiana **   
  |  |                       +--+                
  +--+                          +-- Sinanodonta **  
     |                                           
     |  +-------------------------- Cristaria **    
     |  |                                        
     +--+                       +-- Anodontina   
        |  +--------------------+                
        |  |                    +-- Alasmidontina
        +--+                                     
           |  +-------------------- Lanceolaria  
           +--+                                  
              |  +----------------- Lepidodesma  
              +--+                               
                 |  +-------------- Aculamprotula
                 +--+                            
                    |  +----------- Unio         
                    +--+                         
                       |  +-------- Inversiunio  
                       +--+                      
                          |  +----- Nodularia    
                          +--+                   
                             |  +-- Tchangsinaia 
                             +--+                
                                +-- Schistodesmus

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
10 22 5 6 24 0 0 47.0 
  +----- Lanceolaria_grayii__1  
  |                             
  +----- Lanceolaria_grayii__2  
  |                             
  +----- Cristaria_plicata__1 **   
  |                             
  +----- Cristaria_plicata__2 **   
  |                             
  +----- Sinanodonta_lauta **      
  |                             
  +----- Beringiana_japonica **    
  |                             
  +----- Beringiana_fukuharai__1 **
  |                             
  +----- Beringiana_beringiana **  
  |                             
  +----- Beringiana_fukuharai__2 **
  |                             
  +----- Beringiana_fukuharai__3 **
  |                             
  +----- Buldowskia_iwakawai__1 ** 
  |                             
  +----- Buldowskia_iwakawai__2 ** 
  |                             
  +----- Sinanodonta_tumens__1 **  
--+                             
  +----- Sinanodonta_tumens__2 **  
  |                             
  +----- Pletholophus **           
  |                             
  +----- Anemina **                
  |                             
  +----- Lanceolaria_lanceolata 
  |                             
  +----- Cristaria_plicata__3 **   
  |                             
  +----- Lanceolaria_gladiola   
  |                             
  +----- Sinanodonta_angula **     
  |                             
  +----- Lepidodesma            
  |                             
  |  +-- Aculamprotula          
  +--+                          
  |  +-- Acuticosta             
  |                             
  |  +-- Cuneopsis              
  +--+                          
  |  +-- Nodularia              
  |                             
  |  +-- Schistodesmus          
  +--+                          
     +-- Inversiunio

Froufe et al., 2017 [Publ 3802], fig. 6

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
10 10 7 4 2 2 1 26.0 
  +----------- Anodontina 
--+                       
  |  +-------- Anemina **    
  +--+                    
     |  +----- Cristaria **  
     +--+                 
        |  +-- Beringiana ** 
        +--+              
           +-- Sinanodonta **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
9 45 22 4 190 11 2 63.0 
  +-------- Acuticosta           
  |                              
  +-------- Alasmidonta          
  |                              
  +-------- Anodonta_anatina     
  |                              
  +-------- Anemina **              
  |                              
  +-------- Anodonta_cygnea      
  |                              
  +-------- Cristaria **            
  |                              
  +-------- Anodonta_nuttalliana 
  |                              
  +-------- Lasmigona            
  |                              
  +-------- Lepidodesma          
  |                              
  +-------- Pseudanodonta        
  |                              
  +-------- Pyganodon            
  |                              
--+-------- Simpsonaias          
  |                              
  +-------- Strophitus           
  |                              
  +-------- Schistodesmus        
  |                              
  +-------- Utterbackia          
  |                              
  +-------- Lanceolaria          
  |                              
  +-------- Unio                 
  |                              
  +-------- Aculamprotula        
  |                              
  |     +-- Pletholophus **         
  +-----+                        
  |     +-- Sinanodonta **          
  |                              
  |  +----- Cuneopsis_celtiformis
  |  |                           
  |  +----- Tchangsinaia         
  |  |                           
  +--+----- Cuneopsis_rufescens  
     |                           
     +----- Nodularia            
     |                           
     |  +-- Cuneopsis_szechenyii 
     +--+                        
        +-- Cuneopsis_heudei

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
9 9 7 4 190 11 2 28.0 
     +-------- Anemina **      
  +--+                      
  |  |  +----- Cristaria **    
  |  +--+                   
  |     |  +-- Pletholophus ** 
  |     +--+                
  |        +-- Sinanodonta **  
--+                         
  |     +----- Alasmidonta  
  |     |                   
  |     +----- Lasmigona    
  |     |                   
  |     +----- Pseudanodonta
  |     |                   
  +-----+----- Simpsonaias  
        |                   
        +----- Strophitus   
        |                   
        +----- Anodonta     
        |                   
        |  +-- Pyganodon    
        +--+                
           +-- Utterbackia

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
9 9 7 4 188 11 2 28.0 
        +-------- Anemina **      
  +-----+                      
  |     |  +----- Cristaria **    
  |     +--+                   
  |        |  +-- Pletholophus ** 
  |        +--+                
--+           +-- Sinanodonta **  
  |                            
  |  +----------- Anodonta     
  |  |                         
  |  |        +-- Alasmidonta  
  |  +--------+                
  +--+        +-- Lasmigona    
     |                         
     |        +-- Pyganodon    
     |  +-----+                
     |  |     +-- Utterbackia  
     +--+                      
        |  +----- Pseudanodonta
        +--+                   
           |  +-- Simpsonaias  
           +--+                
              +-- Strophitus

Sano et al., 2017 [Publ 3799], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
9 9 7 5 24 0 0 32.0 
        +-- Cristaria **   
  +-----+               
  |     +-- Buldowskia **  
--+                     
  |  +----- Beringiana **  
  +--+                  
     |  +-- Pletholophus **
     +--+               
        +-- Sinanodonta **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 6

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
9 9 7 4 2 0 0 30.0 
  +-------- Sinanodonta ** 
--+                     
  |  +----- Amuranodonta **
  +--+                  
     |  +-- Anemina **     
     +--+               
        +-- Buldowskia **

Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4084], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
9 9 7 6 27 3 1 28.0 
  +----------- Anodontina  
  |                        
  |     +----- Amuranodonta **
--+  +--+                  
  |  |  |  +-- Anemina **     
  |  |  +--+               
  +--+     +-- Buldowskia **  
     |                     
     |  +----- Cristaria **   
     +--+                  
        |  +-- Beringiana **  
        +--+               
           +-- Sinanodonta **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
8 31 36 3 37 0 0 64.0 
  +-------------------------- Anemina **      
  |                                        
--+  +----------------------- Sinanodonta **  
  |  |                                     
  +--+  +-------------------- Acuticosta   
     |  |                                  
     +--+                 +-- Lepidodesma  
        |  +--------------+                
        |  |              +-- Cristaria **    
        +--+                               
           |  +-------------- Lanceolaria  
           +--+                            
              |  +----------- Aculamprotula
              +--+                         
                 |  +-------- Nodularia    
                 +--+                      
                    |  +----- Tchangsinaia 
                    +--+                   
                       |  +-- Schistodesmus
                       +--+                
                          +-- Cuneopsis

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
8 29 27 3 35 0 0 50.0 
  +----------------------------------- Anemina **              
  |                                                         
--+  +-------------------------------- Acuticosta           
  |  |                                                      
  +--+  +----------------------------- Sinanodonta **          
     |  |                                                   
     +--+  +-------------------------- Aculamprotula        
        |  |                                                
        +--+                       +-- Cristaria **            
           |  +--------------------+                        
           |  |                    +-- Lanceolaria          
           +--+                                             
              |  +-------------------- Lepidodesma          
              +--+                                          
                 |  +----------------- Schistodesmus        
                 +--+                                       
                    |  +-------------- Nodularia            
                    +--+                                    
                       |  +----------- Cuneopsis_rufescens  
                       +--+                                 
                          |  +-------- Tchangsinaia         
                          +--+                              
                             |  +----- Cuneopsis_celtiformis
                             +--+                           
                                |  +-- Cuneopsis_szechenyii 
                                +--+                        
                                   +-- Cuneopsis_heudei

Bespalaya et al., 2018 [Publ 3811], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
8 8 7 2 2 0 0 32.0 
  +-- Anemina **    
--+              
  +-- Sinanodonta **

Vikhrev et al., 2017 [Publ 3810], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
8 8 6 2 2 0 0 25.0 
  +-- Anemina **    
--+              
  +-- Sinanodonta **

Bauer et al., 2021 [Publ 4365], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
8 8 5 2 0 0 0 26.0 
  +-- Anemina **    
--+              
  +-- Sinanodonta **

Kondakov et al., 2018 [Publ 3914], fig. 5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
8 8 6 2 0 0 0 25.0 
  +-- Anemina **    
--+              
  +-- Sinanodonta **

Sano et al., 2017 [Publ 3799], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
8 8 6 5 13 0 0 29.0 
        +-- Cristaria **   
  +-----+               
  |     +-- Buldowskia **  
--+                     
  |  +----- Pletholophus **
  +--+                  
     |  +-- Sinanodonta ** 
     +--+               
        +-- Beringiana **

Xiang et al., 2025 [Publ 4433], fig. 7

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
7 7 5 5 6 2 1 28.0 
  +-------------- Anodontina 
--+                          
  |  +----------- Cristaria **  
  +--+                       
     |  +-------- Anemina **    
     +--+                    
        |  +----- Beringiana ** 
        +--+                 
           |  +-- Mimo **       
           +--+              
              +-- Sinanodonta **

Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
6 31 23 6 34 4 2 56.0 
                          +-- Anemina **               
  +-----------------------+                         
  |                       +-- Amuranodonta **          
  |                                                 
  |                    +----- Pletholophus **          
  |  +-----------------+                            
--+  |                 |  +-- Sinanodonta **           
  |  |                 +--+                         
  |  |                    +-- Beringiana **            
  |  |                                              
  |  |  +-------------------- Lanceolaria_gladiola  
  +--+  |                                           
     |  +-------------------- Acuticosta            
     |  |                                           
     |  +-------------------- Lepidodesma           
     |  |                                           
     |  +-------------------- Lanceolaria_oxyrhyncha
     |  |                                           
     +--+-------------------- Cristaria **             
        |                                           
        |                 +-- Alasmidontina         
        +-----------------+                         
        |                 +-- Anodontina            
        |                                           
        |  +----------------- Aculamprotula         
        |  |                                        
        |  |              +-- Middendorffinaia      
        +--+  +-----------+                         
           |  |           +-- Nodularia             
           |  |                                     
           +--+  +----------- Cuneopsis             
              |  |                                  
              |  |        +-- Diaurora              
              +--+--------+                         
                 |        +-- Schistodesmus         
                 |                                  
                 |  +-------- Pseudocuneopsis       
                 +--+                               
                    |  +----- Inversiunio           
                    +--+                            
                       |  +-- Tchangsinaia          
                       +--+                         
                          +-- Unio

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 7

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
6 6 4 2 2 0 0 27.0 
  +-- Sinanodonta **
--+              
  +-- Beringiana **

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-nt

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
6 6 4 4 89 12 2 27.0 
     +-------- Cristaria **           
  +--+                             
  |  |  +----- Anemina **             
  |  +--+                          
  |     |  +-- Beringiana **          
  |     +--+                       
--+        +-- Sinanodonta **         
  |                                
  |  +-------- Anodonta_nuttalliana
  |  |                             
  |  +-------- Pseudanodonta       
  +--+                             
     |  +----- Anodonta_cygnea     
     |  |                          
     +--+----- Alasmidontina       
        |                          
        |  +-- Anodonta_exulcerata 
        +--+                       
           +-- Anodonta_anatina

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
6 6 4 3 133 9 2 27.0 
  +----- Cristaria **   
--+                  
  |  +-- Pletholophus **
  +--+               
     +-- Sinanodonta **

Bogan et al., 2023 [Publ 4295], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
6 6 4 3 1 0 0 29.0 
  +----- Cristaria **   
--+                  
  |  +-- Sinanodonta ** 
  +--+               
     +-- Pletholophus **

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
6 6 4 3 133 9 2 27.0 
           +----- Cristaria **           
  +--------+                          
  |        |  +-- Pletholophus **        
  |        +--+                       
--+           +-- Sinanodonta **         
  |                                   
  |  +----------- Anodonta_anatina    
  +--+                                
     |  +-------- Alasmidontina       
     +--+                             
        |  +----- Pseudanodonta       
        +--+                          
           |  +-- Anodonta_cygnea     
           +--+                       
              +-- Anodonta_nuttalliana

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
6 36 30 6 39 4 2 61.0 
                                   +-- Anemina **               
  +--------------------------------+                         
  |                                +-- Amuranodonta **          
  |                                                          
  |                             +----- Pletholophus **          
--+  +--------------------------+                            
  |  |                          |  +-- Sinanodonta **           
  |  |                          +--+                         
  |  |                             +-- Beringiana **            
  +--+                                                       
     |                             +-- Alasmidontina         
     |  +--------------------------+                         
     |  |                          +-- Anodontina            
     |  |                                                    
     +--+  +-------------------------- Lanceolaria_gladiola  
        |  |                                                 
        |  +-------------------------- Lanceolaria_oxyrhyncha
        |  |                                                 
        +--+-------------------------- Cristaria **             
           |                                                 
           |  +----------------------- Acuticosta            
           |  |                                              
           |  +----------------------- Lepidodesma           
           +--+                                              
              |  +-------------------- Globunio              
              |  |                                           
              +--+  +----------------- Aculamprotula         
                 |  |                                        
                 |  |              +-- Middendorffinaia      
                 +--+  +-----------+                         
                    |  |           +-- Nodularia             
                    |  |                                     
                    +--+  +----------- Cuneopsis             
                       |  |                                  
                       |  |        +-- Diaurora              
                       +--+--------+                         
                          |        +-- Schistodesmus         
                          |                                  
                          |  +-------- Pseudocuneopsis       
                          +--+                               
                             |  +----- Inversiunio           
                             +--+                            
                                |  +-- Tchangsinaia          
                                +--+                         
                                   +-- Unio

Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 3836], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
6 6 3 3 47 7 2 28.0 
        +-- Anemina **         
        |                   
  +-----+-- Cristaria **       
  |     |                   
--+     +-- Sinanodonta **     
  |                         
  |  +----- Anodonta_cygnea 
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Anodonta_anatina
     +--+                   
        +-- Alasmidontina

Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
6 6 4 6 34 4 2 29.0 
              +-- Alasmidontina
  +-----------+                
  |           +-- Anodontina   
--+                            
  |  +----------- Cristaria **    
  |  |                         
  +--+        +-- Anemina **      
     |  +-----+                
     |  |     +-- Amuranodonta ** 
     +--+                      
        |  +----- Pletholophus ** 
        +--+                   
           |  +-- Sinanodonta **  
           +--+                
              +-- Beringiana **

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-aa

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
6 6 4 4 89 12 2 29.0 
        +-- Anodontina   
  +-----+                
  |     +-- Alasmidontina
  |                      
--+     +-- Anemina **      
  |  +--+                
  |  |  +-- Cristaria **    
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Beringiana **   
     +--+                
        +-- Sinanodonta **

Bolotov et al., 2016 [Publ 3732], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
6 6 5 1 2 0 0 32.0 
-- (Sinanodonta

Hou et al., 2024 [Publ 4400], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
6 6 4 4 70 12 2 27.0 
        +-------- Cristaria **           
  +-----+                             
  |     |  +----- Anemina **             
  |     +--+                          
  |        |  +-- Beringiana **          
  |        +--+                       
--+           +-- Sinanodonta **         
  |                                   
  |           +-- Anodonta_nuttalliana
  |  +--------+                       
  |  |        +-- Alasmidontina       
  +--+                                
     |  +-------- Pseudanodonta       
     +--+                             
        |  +----- Anodonta_anatina    
        +--+                          
           |  +-- Anodonta_cygnea     
           +--+                       
              +-- Anodonta_exulcerata

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3764], fig. S1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
6 17 0 3 119 9 2 42.0 
  +-- Alasmidonta          
  |                        
  +-- Anodonta_anatina     
  |                        
  +-- Anodonta_cygnea      
  |                        
  +-- Anodonta_nuttalliana 
  |                        
  +-- Lasmigona            
  |                        
  +-- Pseudanodonta        
  |                        
  +-- Pyganodon            
  |                        
  +-- Simpsonaias          
  |                        
  +-- Strophitus           
--+                        
  +-- Sinanodonta_lauta **    
  |                        
  +-- Cristaria_plicata **    
  |                        
  +-- Cristaria_radiata **    
  |                        
  +-- Pletholophus **         
  |                        
  +-- Sinanodonta_lucida **   
  |                        
  +-- Sinanodonta_jourdyi **  
  |                        
  +-- Lanceolaria_gladiola 
  |                        
  +-- Lanceolaria_grayii__1
  |                        
  +-- Lanceolaria_grayii__2

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4379], fig. 5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
6 6 4 4 47 12 2 27.0 
           +-------- Cristaria **           
  +--------+                             
  |        |  +----- Anemina **             
  |        +--+                          
  |           |  +-- Beringiana **          
--+           +--+                       
  |              +-- Sinanodonta **         
  |                                      
  |  +-------------- Anodonta_nuttalliana
  +--+                                   
     |  +----------- Alasmidontina       
     +--+                                
        |  +-------- Pseudanodonta       
        +--+                             
           |  +----- Anodonta_anatina    
           +--+                          
              |  +-- Anodonta_cygnea     
              +--+                       
                 +-- Anodonta_exulcerata

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8b_S2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
6 6 4 4 85 12 2 27.0 
           +-------- Cristaria **           
  +--------+                             
  |        |  +----- Anemina **             
  |        +--+                          
  |           |  +-- Beringiana **          
--+           +--+                       
  |              +-- Sinanodonta **         
  |                                      
  |  +-------------- Anodonta_nuttalliana
  +--+                                   
     |  +----------- Alasmidontina       
     +--+                                
        |  +-------- Pseudanodonta       
        +--+                             
           |  +----- Anodonta_anatina    
           +--+                          
              |  +-- Anodonta_cygnea     
              +--+                       
                 +-- Anodonta_exulcerata

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
6 39 32 6 39 4 2 64.0 
                                         +-- Anemina **         
  +--------------------------------------+                   
  |                                      +-- Amuranodonta **    
  |                                                          
  |                                   +----- Parreysia       
  +-----------------------------------+                      
  |                                   |  +-- Coelatura       
  |                                   +--+                   
--+                                      +-- Indonaia        
  |                                                          
  |                                   +----- Pletholophus **    
  |  +--------------------------------+                      
  |  |                                |  +-- Sinanodonta **     
  |  |                                +--+                   
  |  |                                   +-- Beringiana **      
  +--+                                                       
     |  +----------------------------------- Cristaria **       
     |  |                                                    
     |  |                                +-- Alasmidontina   
     |  +--------------------------------+                   
     +--+                                +-- Anodontina      
        |                                                    
        |  +-------------------------------- Lanceolaria     
        |  |                                                 
        +--+  +----------------------------- Lepidodesma     
           |  |                                              
           +--+  +-------------------------- Acuticosta      
              |  |                                           
              +--+  +----------------------- Globunio        
                 |  |                                        
                 +--+  +-------------------- Aculamprotula   
                    |  |                                     
                    +--+  +----------------- Middendorffinaia
                       |  |                                  
                       +--+  +-------------- Nodularia       
                          |  |                               
                          +--+  +----------- Cuneopsis       
                             |  |                            
                             |  |        +-- Diaurora        
                             +--+--------+                   
                                |        +-- Schistodesmus   
                                |                            
                                |  +-------- Pseudocuneopsis 
                                +--+                         
                                   |  +----- Unio            
                                   +--+                      
                                      |  +-- Tchangsinaia    
                                      +--+                   
                                         +-- Inversiunio

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8a_S1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
6 6 4 4 85 12 2 27.0 
        +-------- Cristaria **           
  +-----+                             
  |     |  +----- Anemina **             
  |     +--+                          
  |        |  +-- Beringiana **          
  |        +--+                       
--+           +-- Sinanodonta **         
  |                                   
  |           +-- Anodonta_nuttalliana
  |  +--------+                       
  |  |        +-- Alasmidontina       
  +--+                                
     |  +-------- Pseudanodonta       
     +--+                             
        |  +----- Anodonta_anatina    
        +--+                          
           |  +-- Anodonta_cygnea     
           +--+                       
              +-- Anodonta_exulcerata

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 8

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
5 5 3 2 2 0 0 28.0 
  +-- Sinanodonta **
--+              
  +-- Cristaria **

Bogan et al., 2023 [Publ 4295], fig. 5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
5 5 3 3 1 0 0 28.0 
  +----- Cristaria **   
--+                  
  |  +-- Sinanodonta ** 
  +--+               
     +-- Pletholophus **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3745], fig. 1-2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
5 5 3 4 75 9 2 30.0 
           +-- Anodontina   
  +--------+                
  |        +-- Alasmidontina
--+                         
  |  +-------- Cristaria **    
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Anemina **      
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Pletholophus ** 
        +--+                
           +-- Sinanodonta **

Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S2_2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
5 5 3 3 71 9 2 28.0 
        +-- Anodontina   
  +-----+                
  |     +-- Alasmidontina
--+                      
  |  +----- Cristaria **    
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Pletholophus ** 
     +--+                
        +-- Sinanodonta **

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 9a

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
5 5 3 3 0 0 0 28.0 
  +----- Buldowskia ** 
--+                 
  |  +-- Beringiana ** 
  +--+              
     +-- Sinanodonta **

Mabuchi & Nishida, 2020 [Publ 4120], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
5 5 5 3 7 0 0 35.0 
  +-------------- Cristaria **               
  |                                       
  |  +----------- Sinanodonta_tumens **      
  |  |                                    
  |  |        +-- Sinanodonta_lauta__5 **    
  |  |        |                           
--+  |        +-- Sinanodonta_lauta__6 **    
  |  |        |                           
  |  |        +-- Beringiana_japonica__15 ** 
  |  |        |                           
  |  |        +-- Beringiana_japonica__16 ** 
  |  |  +-----+                           
  |  |  |     +-- Beringiana_japonica__17 ** 
  +--+  |     |                           
     |  |     +-- Beringiana_japonica__18 ** 
     |  |     |                           
     |  |     +-- Beringiana_japonica__19 ** 
     |  |     |                           
     |  |     +-- Beringiana_japonica__20 ** 
     |  |                                 
     |  |  +----- Beringiana_japonica__1 **  
     |  |  |                              
     |  |  +----- Beringiana_japonica__2 **  
     |  |  |                              
     +--+  +----- Beringiana_japonica__3 **  
        |  |                              
        |  +----- Beringiana_japonica__4 **  
        |  |                              
        |  +----- Beringiana_japonica__5 **  
        |  |                              
        |  +----- Sinanodonta_lauta__1 **    
        |  |                              
        |  +----- Beringiana_japonica__6 **  
        |  |                              
        |  +----- Sinanodonta_lauta__2 **    
        |  |                              
        |  +----- Sinanodonta_calipygos__1 **
        |  |                              
        +--+----- Beringiana_japonica__7 **  
           |                              
           +----- Sinanodonta_lauta__4 **    
           |                              
           +----- Beringiana_japonica__8 **  
           |                              
           +----- Beringiana_japonica__9 **  
           |                              
           +----- Beringiana_japonica__10 ** 
           |                              
           +----- Beringiana_japonica__11 ** 
           |                              
           +----- Beringiana_japonica__12 ** 
           |                              
           +----- Beringiana_japonica__13 ** 
           |                              
           +----- Beringiana_japonica__14 ** 
           |                              
           |  +-- Sinanodonta_lauta__3 **    
           +--+                           
              +-- Sinanodonta_calipygos__2 **

Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S1_1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
5 5 3 3 71 9 2 28.0 
        +-- Anodontina   
  +-----+                
  |     +-- Alasmidontina
--+                      
  |  +----- Cristaria **    
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Pletholophus ** 
     +--+                
        +-- Sinanodonta **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 9

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 3 2 0 0 29.0 
  +----- Cristaria **   
--+                  
  |  +-- Sinanodonta ** 
  +--+               
     +-- Pletholophus **

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 3 45 5 2 29.0 
        +-- Anodontina   
  +-----+                
  |     +-- Alasmidontina
--+                      
  |  +----- Cristaria **    
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Anemina **      
     +--+                
        +-- Sinanodonta **

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 3 40 5 2 29.0 
        +-- Anodontina   
  +-----+                
  |     +-- Alasmidontina
--+                      
  |  +----- Cristaria **    
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Anemina **      
     +--+                
        +-- Sinanodonta **

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 3 15 5 2 31.0 
        +-- Alasmidontina
  +-----+                
  |     +-- Anodontina   
--+                      
  |  +----- Anemina **      
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Cristaria **    
     +--+                
        +-- Sinanodonta **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3792], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 3 28 5 2 29.0 
        +-- Anodontina   
  +-----+                
  |     +-- Alasmidontina
--+                      
  |  +----- Cristaria **    
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Anemina **      
     +--+                
        +-- Sinanodonta **

Wu et al., 2019 [Publ 3864], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 3 42 5 2 29.0 
        +-- Anodontina   
  +-----+                
  |     +-- Alasmidontina
--+                      
  |  +----- Cristaria **    
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Anemina **      
     +--+                
        +-- Sinanodonta **

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 2d

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 3 34 6 2 29.0 
        +-- Anodontina   
  +-----+                
  |     +-- Alasmidontina
--+                      
  |  +----- Cristaria **    
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Anemina **      
     +--+                
        +-- Sinanodonta **

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 3 69 6 2 29.0 
        +-- Anodontina   
  +-----+                
  |     +-- Alasmidontina
--+                      
  |  +----- Cristaria **    
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Anemina **      
     +--+                
        +-- Sinanodonta **

Sayenko et al., 2017 [Publ 3760], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 2 0 0 0 29.0 
  +-- Beringiana ** 
--+              
  +-- Sinanodonta **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 3 52 6 2 29.0 
     +----- Cristaria **       
  +--+                      
  |  |  +-- Anemina **         
  |  +--+                   
--+     +-- Sinanodonta **     
  |                         
  |  +----- Anodonta_cygnea 
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Anodonta_anatina
     +--+                   
        +-- Alasmidontina

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 9b

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 2 0 0 0 29.0 
  +-- Buldowskia ** 
--+              
  +-- Sinanodonta **

Wang et al., 2018 [Publ 3865], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 3 27 3 2 29.0 
        +-- Anodontina   
  +-----+                
  |     +-- Alasmidontina
--+                      
  |  +----- Cristaria **    
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Anemina **      
     +--+                
        +-- Sinanodonta **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 6

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 4 50 3 2 29.0 
           +-- Anodontina   
  +--------+                
  |        +-- Alasmidontina
--+                         
  |  +-------- Cristaria **    
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Anemina **      
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Beringiana **   
        +--+                
           +-- Sinanodonta **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-BI

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 3 69 9 2 29.0 
     +----- Cristaria **       
  +--+                      
  |  |  +-- Anemina **         
  |  +--+                   
--+     +-- Sinanodonta **     
  |                         
  |  +----- Anodonta_cygnea 
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Anodonta_anatina
     +--+                   
        +-- Alasmidontina

Klishko et al., 2014 [Publ 3666], fig. 8

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 3 0 0 0 29.0 
  +----- Cristaria **  
--+                 
  |  +-- Beringiana ** 
  +--+              
     +-- Sinanodonta **

Bulakhova et al., 2023 [Publ 4325], fig. 5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 1 0 0 0 31.0 
-- (Beringiana

Fonseca et al., 2016 [Publ 3775], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 3 27 5 2 29.0 
        +-- Anodontina   
  +-----+                
  |     +-- Alasmidontina
--+                      
  |  +----- Cristaria **    
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Anemina **      
     +--+                
        +-- Sinanodonta **

Wang et al., 2018 [Publ 3846], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 3 27 3 2 29.0 
        +-- Anodontina   
  +-----+                
  |     +-- Alasmidontina
--+                      
  |  +----- Cristaria **    
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Anemina **      
     +--+                
        +-- Sinanodonta **

Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. S5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 3 34 2 2 29.0 
        +-- Anodontina   
  +-----+                
  |     +-- Alasmidontina
--+                      
  |  +----- Cristaria **    
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Anemina **      
     +--+                
        +-- Sinanodonta **

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 9c

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 3 2 0 0 0 32.0 
  +-- Buldowskia ** 
--+              
  +-- Sinanodonta **

Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-F_5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 3 44 5 2 29.0 
        +-- Anodontina   
  +-----+                
  |     +-- Alasmidontina
--+                      
  |  +----- Cristaria **    
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Anemina **      
     +--+                
        +-- Sinanodonta **

Riccardi et al., 2020 [Publ 4089], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 3 15 9 2 29.0 
           +----- Cristaria **           
  +--------+                          
  |        |  +-- Anemina **             
  |        +--+                       
--+           +-- Sinanodonta **         
  |                                   
  |  +----------- Anodonta_anatina    
  |  |                                
  +--+        +-- Anodonta_nuttalliana
     |  +-----+                       
     |  |     +-- Alasmidontina       
     +--+                             
        |  +----- Pseudanodonta       
        +--+                          
           |  +-- Anodonta_exulcerata 
           +--+                       
              +-- Anodonta_cygnea

Xue et al., 2016 [Publ 3659], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 5 3 3 11 1 1 30.0 
     +-- Cristaria **    
  +--+                
  |  +-- Alasmidontina
--+                   
  |  +-- Anemina **      
  +--+                
     +-- Sinanodonta **

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 6

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 3 40 5 2 29.0 
        +-- Anodontina   
  +-----+                
  |     +-- Alasmidontina
--+                      
  |  +----- Cristaria **    
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Anemina **      
     +--+                
        +-- Sinanodonta **

Soroka & Burzynski, 2017 [Publ 3837], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 3 19 6 2 29.0 
        +-- Anodontina   
  +-----+                
  |     +-- Alasmidontina
--+                      
  |  +----- Cristaria **    
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Anemina **      
     +--+                
        +-- Sinanodonta **

Cha et al., 2018 [Publ 3916], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 3 34 5 2 29.0 
        +-- Anodontina   
  +-----+                
  |     +-- Alasmidontina
--+                      
  |  +----- Cristaria **    
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Anemina **      
     +--+                
        +-- Sinanodonta **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 2_I

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 3 87 6 2 31.0 
           +----- Anemina **      
  +--------+                   
  |        |  +-- Cristaria **    
  |        +--+                
--+           +-- Sinanodonta **  
  |                            
  |  +----------- Lasmigona    
  +--+                         
     |  +-------- Anodonta     
     +--+                      
        |  +----- Pseudanodonta
        +--+                   
           |  +-- Pyganodon    
           +--+                
              +-- Strophitus

Klishko et al., 2016 [Publ 3733], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 3 0 0 0 29.0 
  +----- Cristaria **  
--+                 
  |  +-- Sinanodonta **
  +--+              
     +-- Beringiana **

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 3 84 6 2 29.0 
        +-- Anodontina   
  +-----+                
  |     +-- Alasmidontina
--+                      
  |  +----- Cristaria **    
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Anemina **      
     +--+                
        +-- Sinanodonta **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 6

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 3 87 6 2 31.0 
           +----- Anemina **         
  +--------+                      
  |        |  +-- Cristaria **       
  |        +--+                   
--+           +-- Sinanodonta **     
  |                               
  |  +----------- Anodonta_cygnea 
  |  |                            
  +--+        +-- Lasmigona       
     |  +-----+                   
     |  |     +-- Anodonta_anatina
     +--+                         
        |  +----- Pseudanodonta   
        +--+                      
           |  +-- Pyganodon       
           +--+                   
              +-- Strophitus

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 3 64 8 2 29.0 
     +----- Cristaria **       
  +--+                      
  |  |  +-- Anemina **         
  |  +--+                   
--+     +-- Sinanodonta **     
  |                         
  |  +----- Anodonta_cygnea 
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Anodonta_anatina
     +--+                   
        +-- Alasmidontina

Fukata & Iigo, 2020 [Publ 4106], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 3 49 6 2 29.0 
        +-- Anodontina   
  +-----+                
  |     +-- Alasmidontina
--+                      
  |  +----- Cristaria **    
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Anemina **      
     +--+                
        +-- Sinanodonta **

Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 6

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 3 38 5 2 29.0 
        +-- Anodontina   
  +-----+                
  |     +-- Alasmidontina
--+                      
  |  +----- Cristaria **    
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Anemina **      
     +--+                
        +-- Sinanodonta **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-ML

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 3 69 9 2 29.0 
     +----- Cristaria **       
  +--+                      
  |  |  +-- Anemina **         
  |  +--+                   
--+     +-- Sinanodonta **     
  |                         
  |  +----- Anodonta_cygnea 
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Anodonta_anatina
     +--+                   
        +-- Alasmidontina

Bolotov et al., 2018 [Publ 3826], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 3 79 6 2 29.0 
        +-- Anodontina   
  +-----+                
  |     +-- Alasmidontina
--+                      
  |  +----- Cristaria **    
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Pletholophus ** 
     +--+                
        +-- Sinanodonta **

Aunins et al., 2018 [Publ 3863], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 2 3 36 7 2 29.0 
        +-- Anodontina   
  +-----+                
  |     +-- Alasmidontina
--+                      
  |  +----- Cristaria **    
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Anemina **      
     +--+                
        +-- Sinanodonta **

Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 3 1 3 50 4 2 30.0 
        +-- Anodontina   
  +-----+                
  |     +-- Alasmidontina
--+                      
  |  +----- Cristaria **    
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Anemina **      
     +--+                
        +-- Sinanodonta **

Chen et al., 2020 [Publ 4170], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 34 32 3 31 8 2 63.0 
                       +----- Prolasmidonta           
                    +--+                              
                    |  |  +-- Alasmidonta             
                    |  +--+                           
  +-----------------+     +-- Anemina **                 
  |                 |                                 
  |                 |  +----- Pseudodontina           
  |                 +--+                              
  |                    |  +-- Lamprotula_caveata      
  |                    +--+                           
  |                       +-- Chamberlainia           
  |                                                   
  |                    +----- Schistodesmus           
  |              +-----+                              
  |              |     |  +-- Lepidodesma             
--+              |     +--+                           
  |              |        +-- Aculamprotula           
  |  +-----------+                                    
  |  |           |     +----- Platynaias              
  |  |           |  +--+                              
  |  |           |  |  |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis  
  |  |           |  |  +--+                           
  |  |           +--+     +-- Pyganodon               
  |  |              |                                 
  |  |              |  +----- Sinanodonta **             
  |  |              +--+                              
  |  |                 |  +-- Cristaria **               
  +--+                 +--+                           
     |                    +-- Anodontina              
     |                                                
     |                    +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis
     |           +--------+                           
     |           |        +-- Potamilus_alatus        
     |  +--------+                                    
     |  |        |  +-------- Lamprotula_leaii        
     |  |        +--+                                 
     |  |           |  +----- Sinohyriopsis           
     |  |           +--+                              
     +--+              |  +-- Parvasolenaia           
        |              +--+                           
        |                 +-- Sinosolenaia            
        |                                             
        |  +----------------- Gibbosula               
        +--+                                          
           |  +-------------- Quadrulina              
           +--+                                       
              |  +----------- Toxolasma               
              +--+                                    
                 |  +-------- Lampsilis_ornata        
                 +--+                                 
                    |  +----- Potamilus_leptodon      
                    +--+                              
                       |  +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea   
                       +--+                           
                          +-- Lampsilis_powellii

Gomes-dos-Santos et al., 2019 [Publ 4042], fig. 8

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 3 1 3 3 3 1 30.0 
  +-------- Anodontina 
--+                    
  |  +----- Cristaria **  
  +--+                 
     |  +-- Anemina **    
     +--+              
        +-- Sinanodonta **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4379], fig. 4_6

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 3 1 2 19 0 0 30.0 
  +-- Cristaria **  
--+              
  +-- Sinanodonta **

Wu et al., 2016 [Publ 3711], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 7 5 3 18 4 2 36.0 
  +----------- Sinanodonta **  
--+                         
  |  +-------- Anemina **      
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Cristaria **    
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Anodontina   
        +--+                
           +-- Alasmidontina

Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 4143], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 7 5 3 19 4 2 36.0 
  +----------- Sinanodonta **  
--+                         
  |  +-------- Anemina **      
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Cristaria **    
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Anodontina   
        +--+                
           +-- Alasmidontina

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4147], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 3 1 3 26 4 2 30.0 
        +-- Anodontina   
  +-----+                
  |     +-- Alasmidontina
--+                      
  |  +----- Cristaria **    
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Sinanodonta **  
     +--+                
        +-- Anemina **

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4389], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 3 1 3 44 0 0 32.0 
  +----- Sinanodonta **
--+                 
  |  +-- Anemina **    
  +--+              
     +-- Cristaria **

Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 3 1 3 33 2 2 30.0 
        +-- Anodontina   
  +-----+                
  |     +-- Alasmidontina
--+                      
  |  +----- Cristaria **    
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Sinanodonta **  
     +--+                
        +-- Anemina **

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4441], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 3 1 3 45 0 0 32.0 
  +----- Sinanodonta **
--+                 
  |  +-- Anemina **    
  +--+              
     +-- Cristaria **

Kano et al., 2019 [Publ 4194], fig. 6

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 3 1 3 7 0 0 32.0 
  +----- Sinanodonta ** 
--+                  
  |  +-- Pletholophus **
  +--+               
     +-- Beringiana **

Ouyang et al., 2011 [Publ 3408], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 3 1 2 10 0 0 30.0 
  +-- Anemina **    
--+              
  +-- Sinanodonta **

Feng et al., 2016 [Publ 3800], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 3 1 2 11 3 2 30.0 
  +----- Alasmidontina
--+                   
  |  +-- Anemina **      
  +--+                
     +-- Sinanodonta **

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4358], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 3 1 3 49 4 2 30.0 
        +-- Anodontina   
  +-----+                
  |     +-- Alasmidontina
--+                      
  |  +----- Cristaria **    
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Anemina **      
     +--+                
        +-- Sinanodonta **

Tomilova et al., 2020 [Publ 4097], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 1 6 4 1 -- 
-- (Sinanodonta

Riccardi et al., 2020 [Publ 4089], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 4 4 1 -- 
  +----- Anodontina 
--+                 
  |  +-- Sinanodonta **
  +--+              
     +-- Anemina **

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 3b

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 1 7 3 1 -- 
-- (Sinanodonta

Wen et al., 2017 [Publ 3795], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 14 1 1 -- 
  +----- Anodontina 
--+                 
  |  +-- Sinanodonta **
  +--+              
     +-- Cristaria **

Chong et al., 2008 [Publ 2668], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 16 15 2 -- 
  +-- Beringiana ** 
--+              
  +-- Sinanodonta **

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2b

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 23 6 2 -- 
     +-- Cristaria **    
  +--+                
  |  +-- Sinanodonta **  
--+                   
  |  +-- Anodontina   
  +--+                
     +-- Alasmidontina

Pfeiffer & Graf, 2013 [Publ 3531], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 29 3 1 -- 
  +----- Alasmidontina
--+                   
  |  +-- Cristaria **    
  +--+                
     +-- Sinanodonta **

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 3b-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 1 4 1 1 -- 
-- (Sinanodonta

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 6

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 55 2 2 -- 
     +-- Cristaria **    
  +--+                
  |  +-- Sinanodonta **  
--+                   
  |  +-- Anodontina   
  +--+                
     +-- Alasmidontina

Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 32 5 1 -- 
  +-- Sinanodonta **
--+              
  +-- Cristaria **

Zhou et al., 2007 [Publ 2658], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 19 0 0 -- 
  +-- Sinanodonta **
--+              
  +-- Cristaria **

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 3a

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 1 7 3 1 -- 
-- (Sinanodonta

Pfarrer et al., 2022 [Publ 4305], fig. 2-5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 10 3 1 -- 
  +----- Anodontina 
--+                 
  |  +-- Cristaria **  
  +--+              
     +-- Sinanodonta **

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 4-5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 55 2 2 -- 
     +-- Cristaria **    
  +--+                
  |  +-- Sinanodonta **  
--+                   
  |  +-- Anodontina   
  +--+                
     +-- Alasmidontina

Zhang et al., 2013 [Publ 4214], fig. 5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 4 0 2 2 0 0 33.0 
  +-------- Cristaria **    
--+                      
  |  +----- Sinanodonta **  
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Margaritifera
     +--+                
        +-- Lamprotula

Zhang et al., 2004 [Publ 2735], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 12 0 0 -- 
  +-- Sinanodonta **
--+              
  +-- Cristaria **

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2a

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 8 0 2 23 6 2 37.0 
  +-------- Sinanodonta **  
--+                      
  |  +----- Cristaria **    
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Anodontina   
     +--+                
        +-- Alasmidontina

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 3a-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 1 4 1 1 -- 
-- (Sinanodonta

Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 32 5 1 -- 
  +----- Alasmidontina
--+                   
  |  +-- Sinanodonta **  
  +--+                
     +-- Cristaria **

Xia et al., 2016 [Publ 3712], fig. 7B

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 3 0 2 1 0 0 32.0 
  +----- Sinanodonta **  
--+                   
  |  +-- Cristaria **    
  +--+                
     +-- Sinohyriopsis

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 5b

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 1 6 3 1 -- 
-- (Sinanodonta

Zhou et al., 2016 [Publ 3710], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 6 0 2 18 4 1 35.0 
  +----- Sinanodonta **  
--+                   
  |  +-- Cristaria **    
  +--+                
     +-- Alasmidontina

Huang et al., 2013 [Publ 3629], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 14 4 1 -- 
  +----- Alasmidontina
--+                   
  |  +-- Sinanodonta **  
  +--+                
     +-- Cristaria **

Zhou et al., 2007 [Publ 2658], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 18 0 2 16 0 0 47.0 
  +----------------- Sinanodonta **  
  |                               
--+  +-------------- Cristaria **    
  |  |                            
  +--+           +-- Lamprotula   
     |  +--------+                
     |  |        +-- Quadrulina   
     +--+                         
        |  +-------- Aculamprotula
        +--+                      
           |  +----- Acuticosta   
           +--+                   
              |  +-- Nodularia    
              +--+                
                 +-- Cuneopsis

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 5a

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 1 6 3 1 -- 
  +-------- Anodonta_anatina
--+                         
  |  +----- Sinanodonta **     
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Anodonta_cygnea 
     +--+                   
        +-- Pseudanodonta

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 21 3 2 -- 
  +----- Alasmidontina
--+                   
  |  +-- Anodontina   
  +--+                
     +-- Sinanodonta **

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 6

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 39 2 1 -- 
  +-- Sinanodonta **  
--+                
  +-- Alasmidontina

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 5-BI

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 20 1 1 -- 
-- Anemina_arcaeformis

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 2-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 4 1 1 -- 
-- Sinanodonta_woodiana

Zieritz et al., 2012 [Publ 3673], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 7 3 1 -- 
-- Sinanodonta_woodiana

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 4-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 1 1 1 -- 
  +-- Anodontina 
--+              
  +-- Sinanodonta **

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 8b

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 5 2 1 -- 
-- Sinanodonta_woodiana

Wei et al., 2016 [Publ 3665], fig. 0

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 5 1 1 -- 
-- Cristaria_plicata

Chen et al., 2012 [Publ 3624], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 6 1 1 -- 
  +-- Alasmidontina
--+                
  +-- Cristaria **

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 5b-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 1 1 1 -- 
  +-- Anodontina 
--+              
  +-- Sinanodonta **

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 3-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 18 3 2 -- 
  +----- Sinanodonta **  
--+                   
  |  +-- Anodontina   
  +--+                
     +-- Alasmidontina

Plazzi & Passamonti, 2010 [Publ 3354], fig. 2-3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 3 0 0 -- 
-- Sinanodonta_woodiana

Froufe et al., 2017 [Publ 3802], fig. 7

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 9 3 1 -- 
  +-- Sinanodonta **
--+              
  +-- Anodontina

Burzynski & Soroka, 2018 [Publ 3862], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 3 3 2 -- 
  +----- Sinanodonta **  
--+                   
  |  +-- Anodontina   
  +--+                
     +-- Alasmidontina

Nagel et al., 1996 [Publ 3400], fig. 351

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 4 4 1 -- 
  +-------------- Pseudanodonta   
--+                               
  |  +----------- Anodonta_cygnea 
  +--+                            
     |  +-------- Sinanodonta **     
     +--+                         
        |  +----- Anodonta__2     
        +--+                      
           |  +-- Anodonta_anatina
           +--+                   
              +-- Anodonta__1

Mock et al., 2004 [Publ 2686], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 1 1 1 -- 
  +-- Anodontina 
--+              
  +-- Sinanodonta **

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 8a-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 2 0 0 -- 
-- Sinanodonta_woodiana

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 5-ML

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 20 1 1 -- 
-- Anemina_arcaeformis

Soroka, 2008 [Publ 3695], fig. 1-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 3 2 2 -- 
  +----- Sinanodonta **  
--+                   
  |  +-- Anodontina   
  +--+                
     +-- Alasmidontina

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 8b-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 2 0 0 -- 
-- Sinanodonta_woodiana

Zhou et al., 2017 [Publ 3788], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 15 0 0 -- 
-- Anemina_arcaeformis

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 40 6 2 -- 
  +----- Sinanodonta **  
--+                   
  |  +-- Anodontina   
  +--+                
     +-- Alasmidontina

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 8a

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 5 2 1 -- 
  +-- Sinanodonta **
--+              
  +-- Anodontina

Plazzi et al., 2011 [Publ 3676], fig. 5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 17 4 2 -- 
-- Cristaria_plicata

Jiang et al., 2010 [Publ 3438], fig. 5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 3 0 0 -- 
-- Cristaria_plicata

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 22 3 2 -- 
  +----- Sinanodonta **  
--+                   
  |  +-- Anodontina   
  +--+                
     +-- Alasmidontina

Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 6-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 16 3 2 -- 
  +----- Sinanodonta **  
--+                   
  |  +-- Anodontina   
  +--+                
     +-- Alasmidontina

Smith et al., 2018 [Publ 3790], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 17 17 1 -- 
  +-- Cristaria **    
--+                
  +-- Alasmidontina

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 21 3 2 -- 
  +----- Sinanodonta **  
--+                   
  |  +-- Anodontina   
  +--+                
     +-- Alasmidontina

Inoue et al., 2018 [Publ 3858], fig. 1_3a-c

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 103 19 2 -- 
  +-- Alasmidonta_marginata      
  |                              
  +-- Prolasmidonta              
  |                              
  +-- Alasmidonta_undulata       
  |                              
  +-- Beringiana **                 
  |                              
  +-- Anodonta_kennerlyi         
  |                              
  +-- Anodonta_nuttalliana       
  |                              
  +-- Anodonta_oregonensis       
  |                              
  +-- Arcidens_confragosus       
  |                              
  +-- Arcidens_wheeleri          
  |                              
  +-- Pterosyna                  
  |                              
--+-- Platynaias_compressa       
  |                              
  +-- Lasmigona                  
  |                              
  +-- Platynaias_decorata        
  |                              
  +-- Platynaias_subviridis      
  |                              
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis          
  |                              
  +-- Pyganodon_lacustris        
  |                              
  +-- Pseudodontoideus           
  |                              
  +-- Strophitus                 
  |                              
  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis     
  |                              
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis__1
  |                              
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis__2

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 2-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 9 3 1 -- 
  +----- Pyganodon  
  |                 
--+  +-- Lasmigona  
  |  |              
  +--+-- Sinanodonta **
     |              
     +-- Utterbackia

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 5a-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 1 1 1 -- 
  +-- Anodontina 
--+              
  +-- Sinanodonta **

Sheng et al., 2014 [Publ 3704], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 7 1 1 -- 
-- Cristaria_plicata

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 18 3 2 -- 
  +----- Sinanodonta **  
--+                   
  |  +-- Anodontina   
  +--+                
     +-- Alasmidontina

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 6 3 1 -- 
-- Sinanodonta_woodiana

Froufe et al., 2017 [Publ 3802], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 3 3 1 -- 
  +-- Cristaria ** 
--+             
  +-- Anodontina

Gustafson & Iwamoto, 2005 [Publ 2741], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 4 2 1 -- 
  +-- Beringiana **
--+             
  +-- Anodontina

Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-M_4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 22 3 2 -- 
  +----- Sinanodonta **  
--+                   
  |  +-- Anodontina   
  +--+                
     +-- Alasmidontina

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3847], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 37 13 2 -- 
  +----- Sinanodonta **  
--+                   
  |  +-- Anodontina   
  +--+                
     +-- Alasmidontina

Nagel et al., 1998 [Publ 1946], fig. 7

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 4 4 1 -- 
  +-------------- Pseudanodonta   
--+                               
  |  +----------- Anodonta_cygnea 
  +--+                            
     |  +-------- Sinanodonta **     
     +--+                         
        |  +----- Anodonta__2     
        +--+                      
           |  +-- Anodonta_anatina
           +--+                   
              +-- Anodonta__1

Burzynski & Soroka, 2018 [Publ 3862], fig. 5b

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 9 3 2 -- 
  +----- Sinanodonta **  
--+                   
  |  +-- Anodontina   
  +--+                
     +-- Alasmidontina

Soroka, 2008 [Publ 3695], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 3 2 2 -- 
  +----- Sinanodonta **  
--+                   
  |  +-- Anodontina   
  +--+                
     +-- Alasmidontina

Smith, 2021 [Publ 4331], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 19 2 1 -- 
  +-- Cristaria **    
--+                
  +-- Alasmidontina

Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 6 3 1 -- 
  +-- Sinanodonta **
--+              
  +-- Anodontina

Breton et al., 2011 [Publ 3376], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 36 11 1 -- 
  +-- Cristaria **    
--+                
  +-- Alasmidontina

Mezhzherin et al., 2014 [Publ 3705], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 3 3 1 -- 
  +-- Sinanodonta **
--+              
  +-- Anodontina

Mock et al., 2004 [Publ 2686], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 1 1 1 -- 
  +-- Anodontina 
--+              
  +-- Sinanodonta **

Liu et al., 2017 [Publ 3939], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 14 0 0 -- 
-- Anemina_arcaeformis

Burzynski & Soroka, 2018 [Publ 3862], fig. 5a

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 19 3 2 -- 
  +-- Sinanodonta **  
  |                
--+-- Anodontina   
  |                
  +-- Alasmidontina

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 40 6 2 -- 
  +----- Sinanodonta **  
--+                   
  |  +-- Anodontina   
  +--+                
     +-- Alasmidontina

Peng et al., 2012 [Publ 3689], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 2 0 0 -- 
-- Cristaria_plicata

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 2e

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 16 3 2 -- 
  +----- Sinanodonta **  
--+                   
  |  +-- Anodontina   
  +--+                
     +-- Alasmidontina

Mezhzherin et al., 2014 [Publ 3705], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 3 3 1 -- 
  +-- Sinanodonta **
--+              
  +-- Anodontina

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