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Page last updated
Wed 06 Nov 2024

The Freshwater Mussels (Unionoida) of the World (and other less consequential bivalves)

FM(U)otW(aolcb) is the web version of the MUSSEL Project Database. Follow the links to browse the data or use the custom Google search field. Either way, you win!

Cladomics pages are experimental — even more so than the rest of this site!

The purpose of the cladomics pages for each genus and family-group level taxon is to provide statistics and references indicating the extent to which published phylogenetic work supports the classification used here.

The Cladomics Summary provides an overview of the number of studies that have included terminal species representing this taxon as well as an indication of how frequently it has been recovered as monophyletic.

Following the summary, the available published clades representing the taxon are listed.

For more information, visit the Cladomics FARQ (frequently asked rhetorical questions) page. Abbreviations for the various statistics are explained on the FARQ!

Search the database pages:

Unionoida | Unionoidea | Unionidae | Unioninae | Anodontini | Alasmidontina

genus Alasmidonta Say, 1818: cladomics
     11 valid species

Cladomics Summary

number of species = 11

analyzed in 53 cladograms in 34 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis = 7, mean = 1.4

Basic Monophyly

number of cladograms that test basic monophyly (i.e., more than 1 included species) = 7
maximum number of included terminals = 7, mean = 4.0
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly = 0.86


Pairwise Cladogram Clustering

The graphs below depict in two dimensions all pair-wise ingroup distances within the cladome. See the Cladmoics FARQ for more information.


PCoA Ordination


NJ tree


Whelan et al., 2023 [Publ 4287], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
7 7 5 7 34 26 12 0.0

*** Top Monophyly Cladogram *** *** Top Sister-Group Cladogram ***

                          +-- Utterbackia             
  +-----------------------+                           
  |                       +-- Pyganodon               
  |                                                   
  |                 +-------- Utterbackiana           
  |                 |                                 
--+  +--------------+     +-- Lasmigona_costata       
  |  |              |  +--+                           
  |  |              |  |  +-- Pseudodontoideus        
  |  |              +--+                              
  |  |                 |  +-- Lasmigona_complanata    
  |  |                 +--+                           
  +--+                    +-- Arcidens                
     |                                                
     |                 +----- Pressodonta             
     |  +--------------+                              
     |  |              |  +-- Anodontoides            
     |  |              +--+                           
     |  |                 +-- Strophitus              
     +--+                                             
        |                 +-- Prolasmidonta           
        |  +--------------+                           
        |  |              +-- Platynaias              
        |  |                                          
        +--+  +-------------- Alasminota              
           |  |                                       
           |  |           +-- Alasmidonta_raveneliana ** 
           +--+  +--------+                           
              |  |        +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **   
              |  |                                    
              +--+        +-- Alasmidonta_varicosa **    
                 |  +-----+                           
                 |  |     +-- Alasmidonta_uwharriensis **
                 +--+                                 
                    |  +----- Alasmidonta_undulata **    
                    +--+                              
                       |  +-- Alasmidonta_triangulata ** 
                       +--+                           
                          +-- Alasmidonta_arcula **      

Whelan et al., 2023 [Publ 4287], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
7 7 5 7 21 20 11 0.0
  +----------------------- Utterbackiana           
  |                                                
  |                    +-- Utterbackia             
  |  +-----------------+                           
--+  |                 +-- Pyganodon               
  |  |                                             
  |  |        +----------- Alasminota              
  |  |        |                                    
  |  |  +-----+        +-- Anodontoides            
  +--+  |     |  +-----+                           
     |  |     |  |     +-- Strophitus              
     |  |     +--+                                 
     |  |        |  +----- Pressodonta             
     |  |        +--+                              
     |  |           |  +-- Platynaias              
     +--+           +--+                           
        |              +-- Prolasmidonta           
        |                                          
        |              +-- Arcidens                
        |  +-----------+                           
        |  |           +-- Pseudodontoideus        
        |  |                                       
        +--+           +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **   
           |  +--------+                           
           |  |        +-- Alasmidonta_raveneliana ** 
           |  |                                    
           +--+        +-- Alasmidonta_varicosa **    
              |  +-----+                           
              |  |     +-- Alasmidonta_uwharriensis **
              +--+                                 
                 |  +----- Alasmidonta_undulata **    
                 +--+                              
                    |  +-- Alasmidonta_triangulata ** 
                    +--+                           
                       +-- Alasmidonta_arcula **      

Whelan et al., 2023 [Publ 4287], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
5 5 2 5 22 20 10 3.0
  +-------------------- Pressodonta             
  |                                             
  |           +-------- Utterbackiana           
  |  +--------+                                 
  |  |        |  +----- Alasminota              
--+  |        +--+                              
  |  |           |  +-- Arcidens                
  |  |           +--+                           
  |  |              +-- Pseudodontoideus        
  |  |                                          
  +--+           +----- Alasmidonta_raveneliana ** 
     |           |                              
     |           |  +-- Alasmidonta_uwharriensis **
     |  +--------+--+                           
     |  |        |  +-- Alasmidonta_varicosa **    
     |  |        |                              
     |  |        |  +-- Alasmidonta_arcula **      
     +--+        +--+                           
        |           +-- Alasmidonta_triangulata ** 
        |                                       
        |  +----------- Platynaias              
        +--+                                    
           |  +-------- Strophitus              
           +--+                                 
              |  +----- Pyganodon               
              +--+                              
                 |  +-- Utterbackia             
                 +--+                           
                    +-- Anodontoides            

Inoue et al., 2014 [Publ 3635], fig. 3A

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 3 1 3 17 11 7 4.0
           +-------- Pseudodontoideus     
  +--------+                              
  |        |  +----- Lasmigona_costata    
  |        +--+                           
  |           |  +-- Lasmigona_complanata 
--+           +--+                        
  |              +-- Arcidens             
  |                                       
  |  +-------------- Strophitus           
  |  |                                    
  +--+           +-- Pyganodon            
     |  +--------+                        
     |  |        +-- Utterbackia          
     +--+                                 
        |  +-------- Platynaias           
        +--+                              
           |  +----- Alasmidonta_marginata **
           +--+                           
              |  +-- Alasmidonta_undulata ** 
              +--+                        
                 +-- Alasmidonta_varicosa ** 

Inoue et al., 2018 [Publ 3858], fig. 1_3a-c

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 20 0 2 102 14 8 24.0
  +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **      
  |                              
  +-- Prolasmidonta              
  |                              
  +-- Alasmidonta_undulata **       
  |                              
  +-- Beringiana                 
  |                              
  +-- Anodonta_kennerlyi         
  |                              
  +-- Anodonta_nuttalliana       
  |                              
  +-- Anodonta_oregonensis       
  |                              
  +-- Arcidens_confragosus       
  |                              
  +-- Arcidens_wheeleri          
  |                              
  +-- Lasmigona_complanata       
  |                              
--+-- Platynaias_compressa       
  |                              
  +-- Lasmigona_costata          
  |                              
  +-- Platynaias_decorata        
  |                              
  +-- Platynaias_subviridis      
  |                              
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis          
  |                              
  +-- Pyganodon_lacustris        
  |                              
  +-- Pseudodontoideus           
  |                              
  +-- Strophitus                 
  |                              
  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis     
  |                              
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis__1
  |                              
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis__2

Breton et al., 2011 [Publ 3376], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 35 9 5 --
  +-------------- Lasmigona            
  |                                    
--+  +----------- Strophitus           
  |  |                                 
  +--+        +-- Pyganodon            
     |  +-----+                        
     |  |     +-- Utterbackia          
     +--+                              
        |  +----- Platynaias           
        +--+                           
           |  +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **
           +--+                        
              +-- Alasmidonta_undulata ** 

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3847], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 36 9 5 --
           +-- Pyganodon            
  +--------+                        
  |        +-- Utterbackia          
--+                                 
  |  +-------- Lasmigona            
  |  |                              
  +--+     +-- Alasmidonta_undulata ** 
     |  +--+                        
     |  |  +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **
     +--+                           
        |  +-- Strophitus           
        +--+                        
           +-- Platynaias           

Jadhav & Jamkhedkar, 2009 [Publ 3697], fig. 11

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 24 3 3 --
  +----- Lasmigona            
  |                           
--+  +-- Strophitus           
  |  |                        
  +--+-- Alasmidonta_marginata **
     |                        
     +-- Pyganodon            

Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S1_1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 75 4 4 --
        +-- Pyganodon            
  +-----+                        
  |     +-- Simpsonaias          
--+                              
  |  +----- Strophitus           
  +--+                           
     |  +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **
     +--+                        
        +-- Lasmigona            

Graf, 2002 [Publ 2651], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 17 1 1 --
  +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **
--+                        
  +-- Pyganodon            

Bolotov et al., 2018 [Publ 3826], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 82 4 4 --
  +----------- Pyganodon            
--+                                 
  |  +-------- Simpsonaias          
  +--+                              
     |  +----- Strophitus           
     +--+                           
        |  +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **
        +--+                        
           +-- Lasmigona            

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-aa

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 95 6 5 --
        +-- Pyganodon           
  +-----+                       
  |     +-- Utterbackia         
  |                             
--+     +-- Alasmidonta_varicosa **
  |  +--+                       
  |  |  +-- Platynaias          
  +--+                          
     |  +-- Prolasmidonta       
     +--+                       
        +-- Lasmigona           

Boyer et al., 2011 [Publ 2718], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 37 8 7 --
  +-------------- Strophitus           
  |                                    
  |        +----- Lasmigona_complanata 
--+  +-----+                           
  |  |     |  +-- Lasmigona_costata    
  |  |     +--+                        
  +--+        +-- Arcidens             
     |                                 
     |  +-------- Utterbackia          
     |  |                              
     +--+-------- Alasmidonta_marginata **
        |                              
        |  +----- Pyganodon            
        +--+                           
           |  +-- Anodontoides         
           +--+                        
              +-- Platynaias           

Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2648], fig. 2A

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 29 4 3 --
     +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **
  +--+                        
  |  +-- Lasmigona            
--+                           
  |  +-- Strophitus           
  +--+                        
     +-- Pyganodon            

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 68 5 4 --
        +-- Pyganodon           
  +-----+                       
  |     +-- Utterbackia         
--+                             
  |  +----- Prolasmidonta       
  +--+                          
     |  +-- Platynaias          
     +--+                       
        +-- Alasmidonta_varicosa **

Lydeard et al., 1996 [Publ 2656], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 27 4 4 --
  +----- Strophitus             
--+                             
  |  +-- Lasmigona              
  +--+                          
     +-- Alasmidonta_triangulata **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 197 6 5 --
-- Alasmidonta_marginata

Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 33 4 4 --
  +----------- Utterbackiana          
--+                                   
  |  +-------- Utterbackia            
  +--+                                
     |  +----- Strophitus             
     +--+                             
        |  +-- Alasmidonta_triangulata **
        +--+                          
           +-- Lasmigona              

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8b_S2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 91 6 5 --
           +-- Pyganodon           
  +--------+                       
  |        +-- Utterbackia         
--+                                
  |  +-------- Lasmigona           
  +--+                             
     |  +----- Prolasmidonta       
     +--+                          
        |  +-- Alasmidonta_varicosa **
        +--+                       
           +-- Platynaias          

Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 33 4 4 --
  +----- Utterbackia            
  |                             
--+----- Utterbackiana          
  |                             
  |  +-- Alasmidonta_triangulata **
  +--+                          
     +-- Lasmigona              

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4379], fig. 5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 53 6 5 --
           +-- Pyganodon           
  +--------+                       
  |        +-- Utterbackia         
--+                                
  |  +-------- Lasmigona           
  +--+                             
     |  +----- Prolasmidonta       
     +--+                          
        |  +-- Alasmidonta_varicosa **
        +--+                       
           +-- Platynaias          

Graf & Cummings, 2006 [Publ 1968], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 46 3 3 --
  +-------- Lasmigona            
--+                              
  |  +----- Alasmidonta_marginata **
  +--+                           
     |  +-- Pyganodon            
     +--+                        
        +-- Strophitus           

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 197 6 5 --
-- Alasmidonta_marginata

Chong et al., 2008 [Publ 2668], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 17 7 7 --
  +-- Pseudodontoideus     
  |                        
--+-- Alasmidonta_marginata **
  |                        
  +-- Lasmigona            

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 195 6 5 --
  +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **
--+                        
  +-- Lasmigona            

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 138 4 4 --
  +----- Pyganodon            
  |                           
  +----- Simpsonaias          
--+                           
  +----- Strophitus           
  |                           
  |  +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **
  +--+                        
     +-- Lasmigona            

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3764], fig. S1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 124 4 4 --
-- Alasmidonta_marginata

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3745], fig. 1-2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 79 4 4 --
        +-- Pyganodon            
  +-----+                        
  |     +-- Simpsonaias          
--+                              
  |  +----- Strophitus           
  +--+                           
     |  +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **
     +--+                        
        +-- Lasmigona            

Aunins et al., 2018 [Publ 3863], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 40 4 3 --
     +-- Prolasmidonta       
  +--+                       
  |  +-- Alasmidonta_varicosa **
--+                          
  |  +-- Pyganodon           
  +--+                       
     +-- Utterbackia         

Smith et al., 2018 [Publ 3790], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 17 16 7 --
           +-- Utterbackia            
  +--------+                          
  |        +-- Pyganodon              
  |                                   
--+        +-- Anodontoides           
  |  +-----+                          
  |  |     +-- Strophitus             
  |  |                                
  +--+     +-- Alasmidonta_triangulata **
     |  +--+                          
     |  |  +-- Alasminota             
     +--+                             
        |  +-- Pseudodontoideus       
        +--+                          
           +-- Utterbackiana          

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 68 5 4 --
        +-- Pyganodon           
  +-----+                       
  |     +-- Utterbackia         
--+                             
  |  +----- Alasmidonta_varicosa **
  +--+                          
     |  +-- Prolasmidonta       
     +--+                       
        +-- Platynaias          

Araujo et al., 2018 [Publ 3779], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 17 1 1 --
  +-- Pyganodon            
--+                        
  +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 68 5 4 --
        +-- Pyganodon           
  +-----+                       
  |     +-- Utterbackia         
--+                             
  |  +----- Alasmidonta_varicosa **
  +--+                          
     |  +-- Platynaias          
     +--+                       
        +-- Prolasmidonta       

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 2-4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 119 4 4 --
  +----- Pyganodon            
  |                           
  +----- Simpsonaias          
--+                           
  +----- Strophitus           
  |                           
  |  +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **
  +--+                        
     +-- Lasmigona            

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8a_S1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 91 6 5 --
           +-- Pyganodon           
  +--------+                       
  |        +-- Utterbackia         
--+                                
  |  +-------- Lasmigona           
  +--+                             
     |  +----- Prolasmidonta       
     +--+                          
        |  +-- Alasmidonta_varicosa **
        +--+                       
           +-- Platynaias          

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 46 3 3 --
  +-------- Lasmigona            
--+                              
  |  +----- Alasmidonta_marginata **
  +--+                           
     |  +-- Strophitus           
     +--+                        
        +-- Pyganodon            

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-nt

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 95 6 5 --
           +-- Pyganodon           
  +--------+                       
  |        +-- Utterbackia         
--+                                
  |  +-------- Lasmigona           
  +--+                             
     |  +----- Prolasmidonta       
     +--+                          
        |  +-- Alasmidonta_varicosa **
        +--+                       
           +-- Platynaias          

Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 3836], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 52 4 3 --
  +----- Strophitus           
  |                           
--+  +-- Platynaias           
  |  |                        
  +--+-- Alasmidonta_marginata **
     |                        
     +-- Pyganodon            

Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 39 1 1 --
  +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **
--+                        
  +-- Lasmigona            

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-BI

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 73 6 4 --
        +-- Pyganodon           
  +-----+                       
  |     +-- Utterbackia         
--+                             
  |  +----- Prolasmidonta       
  +--+                          
     |  +-- Alasmidonta_varicosa **
     +--+                       
        +-- Platynaias          

Boyer et al., 2011 [Publ 2718], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 34 5 4 --
  +----- Alasmidonta_marginata **
  |                           
  +----- Pyganodon            
--+                           
  +----- Lasmigona            
  |                           
  |  +-- Platynaias           
  +--+                        
     +-- Strophitus           

Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 39 1 1 --
  +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **
--+                        
  +-- Lasmigona            

Lydeard et al., 1996 [Publ 2656], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 26 5 4 --
        +-- Utterbackia             
  +-----+                           
  |     +-- Utterbackiana_couperiana
--+                                 
  |  +----- Strophitus              
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Lasmigona               
     +--+                           
        +-- Alasmidonta_triangulata ** 

Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2648], fig. 2B

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 29 4 3 --
     +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **
  +--+                        
  |  +-- Lasmigona            
--+                           
  |  +-- Strophitus           
  +--+                        
     +-- Pyganodon            

Krebs et al., 2003 [Publ 2691], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 32 8 6 --
-- Alasmidonta_triangulata

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 45 3 3 --
  +-------- Lasmigona            
--+                              
  |  +----- Alasmidonta_marginata **
  +--+                           
     |  +-- Strophitus           
     +--+                        
        +-- Pyganodon            

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-ML

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 73 6 4 --
        +-- Pyganodon           
  +-----+                       
  |     +-- Utterbackia         
--+                             
  |  +----- Prolasmidonta       
  +--+                          
     |  +-- Alasmidonta_varicosa **
     +--+                       
        +-- Platynaias          

Chen et al., 2020 [Publ 4170], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 33 5 4 --
-- Alasmidonta_varicosa

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 138 4 4 --
        +-- Lasmigona            
  +-----+                        
  |     +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **
--+                              
  |  +----- Simpsonaias          
  +--+                           
     |  +-- Pyganodon            
     +--+                        
        +-- Strophitus           

Fukata & Iigo, 2020 [Publ 4106], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 53 3 3 --
     +-- Pyganodon           
  +--+                       
  |  +-- Utterbackia         
--+                          
  |  +-- Alasmidonta_varicosa **
  +--+                       
     +-- Prolasmidonta       

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 68 5 4 --
        +-- Pyganodon           
  +-----+                       
  |     +-- Utterbackia         
--+                             
  |  +----- Alasmidonta_varicosa **
  +--+                          
     |  +-- Prolasmidonta       
     +--+                       
        +-- Platynaias          

Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S2_2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 75 4 4 --
        +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **
  +-----+                        
  |     +-- Lasmigona            
--+                              
  |  +----- Pyganodon            
  +--+                           
     |  +-- Strophitus           
     +--+                        
        +-- Simpsonaias          

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 45 3 3 --
  +-------- Lasmigona            
--+                              
  |  +----- Alasmidonta_marginata **
  +--+                           
     |  +-- Strophitus           
     +--+                        
        +-- Pyganodon            

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