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Page last updated
Wed 04 Dec 2024

The Freshwater Mussels (Unionoida) of the World (and other less consequential bivalves)

FM(U)otW(aolcb) is the web version of the MUSSEL Project Database. Follow the links to browse the data or use the custom Google search field. Either way, you win!

Cladomics pages are experimental — even more so than the rest of this site!

The purpose of the cladomics pages for each genus and family-group level taxon is to provide statistics and references indicating the extent to which published phylogenetic work supports the classification used here.

The Cladomics Summary provides an overview of the number of studies that have included terminal species representing this taxon as well as an indication of how frequently it has been recovered as monophyletic.

Following the summary, the available published clades representing the taxon are listed.

For more information, visit the Cladomics FARQ (frequently asked rhetorical questions) page. Abbreviations for the various statistics are explained on the FARQ!

Search the database pages:

Bivalvia | Unionoida | Unionoidea | Unionidae | Ambleminae | Pleurobemini

genus Pleurobema Rafinesque, 1819: cladomics
     30 valid species

Cladomics Summary

number of species = 30

analyzed in 100 cladograms in 59 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis = 18, mean = 3.53

Basic Monophyly

number of cladograms that test basic monophyly (i.e., more than 1 included species) = 31
maximum number of included terminals = 18, mean = 9.16
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly = 0.48


Pairwise Cladogram Clustering

The graphs below depict in two dimensions all pair-wise ingroup distances within the cladome. See the Cladmoics FARQ for more information.


PCoA Ordination


NJ tree


Inoue et al., 2018 [Publ 3858], fig. 1_3a-c

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
18 31 43 71 86 40 8 0.0

*** Top Monophyly Cladogram *** *** Top Sister-Group Cladogram ***

  +----------------------------------------- Elliptoideus             
  |                                                                   
  |                                      +-- Elliptio_lanceolata      
  |  +-----------------------------------+                            
  |  |                                   +-- Parvaspina               
  |  |                                                                
  |  |  +----------------------------------- Plethobasus              
  |  |  |                                                             
  |  |  +----------------------------------- Eurynia                  
--+  |  |                                                             
  |  |  +----------------------------------- Hemistena                
  |  |  |                                                             
  |  |  |                                +-- Elliptio_complanata      
  |  |  |                                |                            
  |  |  |                                +-- Elliptio_hopetonensis    
  |  |  |                                |                            
  |  |  |                                +-- Elliptio_producta__1     
  |  |  |                                |                            
  |  |  |                                +-- Elliptio_shepardiana     
  +--+  |                                |                            
     |  |                                +-- Elliptio_angustata       
     |  |                                |                            
     |  |                                +-- Elliptio_arca            
     |  |                                |                            
     |  |                                +-- Elliptio_arctata         
     |  |                                |                            
     |  |                                +-- Elliptio_jayensis        
     |  |                                |                            
     |  |                                +-- Elliptio_crassidens      
     |  |                                |                            
     |  +--------------------------------+-- Elliptio_dariensis       
     |  |                                |                            
     |  |                                +-- Elliptio_fisheriana      
     |  |                                |                            
     |  |                                +-- Elliptio_folliculata     
     |  |                                |                            
     +--+                                +-- Elliptio_fumata          
        |                                |                            
        |                                +-- Elliptio_icterina        
        |                                |                            
        |                                +-- Elliptio_mcmichaeli      
        |                                |                            
        |                                +-- Elliptio_producta__2     
        |                                |                            
        |                                +-- Elliptio_pullata         
        |                                |                            
        |                                +-- Elliptio_purpurella      
        |                                |                            
        |                                +-- Elliptio_congaraea       
        |                                                             
        |  +-------------------------------- Pleuronaia               
        |  |                                                          
        |  |                             +-- Pleurobema_cordatum **      
        |  |  +--------------------------+                            
        |  |  |                          +-- Fusconaia                
        |  |  |                                                       
        |  |  |  +-------------------------- Pleurobema_plenum **        
        |  |  |  |                                                    
        |  |  |  |  +----------------------- Pleurobema_stabile **       
        |  |  |  |  |                                                 
        |  |  |  |  |                 +----- Pleurobema_pyriforme **     
        |  |  +--+  |              +--+                               
        |  |  |  |  |              |  |  +-- Pleurobema_georgianum__2 ** 
        |  |  |  |  |              |  +--+                            
        |  |  |  |  |  +-----------+     +-- Pleurobema_athearni **      
        |  |  |  |  |  |           |                                  
        +--+  |  +--+  |           |  +----- Pleurobema_decisum **       
           |  |     |  |           |  |                               
           |  |     |  |           +--+  +-- Pleurobema_georgianum__1 ** 
           |  |     |  |              |  |                            
           |  |     |  |              +--+-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum__1 **
           |  |     |  |                 |                            
           |  |     |  |                 +-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum__2 **
           |  |     |  |                                              
           |  |     +--+     +-------------- Pleurobema_beadleianum__2 **
           |  |        |     |                                        
           |  |        |  +--+  +----------- Pleurobema_strodeanum__2 ** 
           |  |        |  |  |  |                                     
           |  |        |  |  +--+----------- Pleurobema_rubellum **      
           |  |        |  |     |                                     
           |  |        |  |     |  +-------- Pleurobema_beadleianum__1 **
           |  |        |  |     +--+                                  
           +--+        |  |        |  +----- Pleurobema_taitianum **     
              |        |  |        +--+                               
              |        |  |           |  +-- Pleurobema_perovatum **     
              |        +--+           +--+                            
              |           |              +-- Pleurobema_strodeanum__1 ** 
              |           |                                           
              |           |           +----- Pleurobema_oviforme__6 **   
              |           |           |                               
              |           |        +--+----- Pleurobema_clava__3 **      
              |           |        |  |                               
              |           |        |  |  +-- Pleurobema_oviforme__5 **   
              |           |        |  +--+                            
              |           +--------+     +-- Pleurobema_clava__2 **      
              |                    |                                  
              |                    |  +----- Pleurobema_oviforme__2 **   
              |                    |  |                               
              |                    |  +----- Pleurobema_oviforme__3 **   
              |                    +--+                               
              |                       +----- Pleurobema_oviforme__4 **   
              |                       |                               
              |                       |  +-- Pleurobema_clava__1 **      
              |                       +--+                            
              |                          +-- Pleurobema_oviforme__1 **   
              |                                                       
              |           +----------------- Pleurobema_riddellii **     
              |           |                                           
              |           |  +-------------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__34 **  
              |           |  |                                        
              |           |  |  +----------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__31 **  
              |           |  |  |                                     
              +-----------+  |  +----------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__32 **  
                          |  |  |                                     
                          |  |  +----------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__33 **  
                          |  |  |                                     
                          |  |  |  +-------- Pleurobema__4 **            
                          |  |  |  |                                  
                          |  |  |  +-------- Pleurobema__5 **            
                          +--+  |  |                                  
                             |  |  +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__2 **   
                             |  |  |                                  
                             |  |  +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__3 **   
                             |  |  |                                  
                             |  |  +-------- Pleurobema__8 **            
                             |  |  |                                  
                             |  |  +-------- Pleurobema__9 **            
                             |  |  |                                  
                             |  |  +-------- Pleurobema__10 **           
                             |  |  |                                  
                             |  |  +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__5 **   
                             +--+  |                                  
                                |  +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__6 **   
                                |  |                                  
                                |  +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__7 **   
                                |  |                                  
                                |  +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__8 **   
                                |  |                                  
                                |  +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__9 **   
                                |  |                                  
                                |  +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__10 **  
                                |  |                                  
                                |  +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__11 **  
                                |  |                                  
                                |  +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__12 **  
                                |  |                                  
                                |  +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__13 **  
                                |  |                                  
                                |  +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__14 **  
                                |  |                                  
                                |  +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__15 **  
                                |  |                                  
                                |  +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__16 **  
                                +--+                                  
                                   +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__17 **  
                                   |                                  
                                   +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__18 **  
                                   |                                  
                                   +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__19 **  
                                   |                                  
                                   +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__20 **  
                                   |                                  
                                   +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__21 **  
                                   |                                  
                                   +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__22 **  
                                   |                                  
                                   +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__23 **  
                                   |                                  
                                   +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__24 **  
                                   |                                  
                                   +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__25 **  
                                   |                                  
                                   +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__26 **  
                                   |                                  
                                   +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__27 **  
                                   |                                  
                                   +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__28 **  
                                   |                                  
                                   +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__29 **  
                                   |                                  
                                   +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__30 **  
                                   |                                  
                                   |     +-- Pleurobema__6 **            
                                   +-----+                            
                                   |     +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia__1 **   
                                   |                                  
                                   |     +-- Pleurobema__7 **            
                                   +-----+                            
                                   |     +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia__4 **   
                                   |                                  
                                   |  +----- Pleurobema__3 **            
                                   +--+                               
                                      |  +-- Pleurobema__1 **            
                                      +--+                            
                                         +-- Pleurobema__2 **            

Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3309], fig. 1-2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
16 40 34 16 57 25 8 117.0
  +-------------------------- Elliptoideus          
  |                                                 
  |  +----------------------- Pleurobema_stabile **    
  |  |                                              
  |  |                 +----- Pleurobema_riddellii **  
--+  |     +-----------+                            
  |  |     |           |  +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia **   
  |  |     |           +--+                         
  |  |  +--+              +-- Pleurobema_cordatum **   
  |  |  |  |                                        
  +--+  |  |  +-------------- Fusconaia             
     |  |  |  |                                     
     |  |  +--+  +----------- Pleuronaia            
     |  |     |  |                                  
     |  |     +--+        +-- Eurynia               
     |  |        |  +-----+                         
     |  |        |  |     +-- Parvaspina            
     |  |        +--+                               
     +--+           |  +----- Elliptio              
        |           +--+                            
        |              |  +-- Hemistena             
        |              +--+                         
        |                 +-- Plethobasus           
        |                                           
        |                 +-- Pleurobema_clava **      
        |     +-----------+                         
        |     |           +-- Pleurobema_oviforme **   
        |     |                                     
        +-----+  +----------- Pleurobema_pyriforme **  
              |  |                                  
              |  |        +-- Pleurobema_athearni **   
              |  |     +--+                         
              +--+     |  +-- Pleurobema_georgianum ** 
                 |  +--+                            
                 |  |  |  +-- Pleurobema_decisum **    
                 |  |  +--+                         
                 |  |     +-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum **
                 +--+                               
                    |  +----- Pleurobema_beadleianum **
                    |  |                            
                    |  +----- Pleurobema_strodeanum ** 
                    +--+                            
                       +----- Pleurobema_rubellum **   
                       |                            
                       |  +-- Pleurobema_perovatum **  
                       +--+                         
                          +-- Pleurobema_taitianum **  

Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3309], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
16 16 14 16 57 25 8 118.0
  +-------------------------------- Elliptoideus          
  |                                                       
  |  +----------------------------- Elliptio              
  |  |                                                    
--+  |                          +-- Eurynia               
  |  +--------------------------+                         
  |  |                          +-- Parvaspina            
  |  |                                                    
  +--+                          +-- Hemistena             
     +--------------------------+                         
     |                          +-- Plethobasus           
     |                                                    
     |  +-------------------------- Pleuronaia            
     |  |                                                 
     +--+  +----------------------- Fusconaia             
        |  |                                              
        |  |                 +----- Pleurobema_riddellii **  
        +--+  +--------------+                            
           |  |              |  +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia **   
           |  |              +--+                         
           |  |                 +-- Pleurobema_cordatum **   
           +--+                                           
              |  +----------------- Pleurobema_stabile **    
              |  |                                        
              |  |     +----------- Pleurobema_strodeanum ** 
              |  |  +--+                                  
              +--+  |  |  +-------- Pleurobema_rubellum **   
                 |  |  +--+                               
                 |  |     |  +----- Pleurobema_beadleianum **
                 |  |     +--+                            
                 |  |        |  +-- Pleurobema_perovatum **  
                 +--+        +--+                         
                    |           +-- Pleurobema_taitianum **  
                    |                                     
                    |           +-- Pleurobema_clava **      
                    |  +--------+                         
                    |  |        +-- Pleurobema_oviforme **   
                    +--+                                  
                       |  +-------- Pleurobema_pyriforme **  
                       |  |                               
                       +--+     +-- Pleurobema_athearni **   
                          |  +--+                         
                          |  |  +-- Pleurobema_georgianum ** 
                          +--+                            
                             |  +-- Pleurobema_decisum **    
                             +--+                         
                                +-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum **

Burlakova et al., 2012 [Publ 3486], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
16 34 29 19 19 19 7 115.0
  +----------------------------------- Parvaspina            
  |                                                          
  |  +-------------------------------- Pleurobema_plenum **     
--+  |                                                       
  |  |                             +-- Plethobasus           
  |  |                          +--+                         
  +--+                          |  +-- Hemistena             
     |  +-----------------------+                            
     |  |                       |  +-- Eurynia               
     |  |                       +--+                         
     |  |                          +-- Elliptio              
     +--+                                                    
        |  +-------------------------- Pleurobema_cordatum__2 **
        |  |                                                 
        |  |  +----------------------- Fusconaia             
        +--+  |                                              
           |  |              +-------- Pleurobema_stabile **    
           |  |              |                               
           |  |  +-----------+  +----- Pleurobema_riddellii **  
           +--+  |           |  |                            
              |  |           +--+  +-- Pleurobema_cordatum__1 **
              |  |              |  |                         
              |  |              |  +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia__1 **
              |  |              +--+                         
              +--+                 +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia__2 **
                 |                 |                         
                 |                 +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia__3 **
                 |                                           
                 |  +----------------- Pleuronaia            
                 |  |                                        
                 |  |              +-- Pleurobema_georgianum ** 
                 +--+  +-----------+                         
                    |  |           +-- Pleurobema_pyriforme **  
                    |  |                                     
                    +--+           +-- Pleurobema_decisum **    
                       |  +--------+                         
                       |  |        +-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum **
                       |  |                                  
                       +--+        +-- Pleurobema_clava **      
                          |  +-----+                         
                          |  |     +-- Pleurobema_oviforme **   
                          |  |                               
                          +--+  +----- Pleurobema_rubellum **   
                             |  |                            
                             |  +----- Pleurobema_beadleianum **
                             +--+                            
                                +----- Pleurobema_strodeanum ** 
                                |                            
                                |  +-- Pleurobema_perovatum **  
                                +--+                         
                                   +-- Pleurobema_taitianum **  

Campbell et al., 2008 [Publ 2675], fig. 6

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
15 15 13 17 11 9 7 119.0
  +-------------------------------------- Parvaspina              
  |                                                               
--+  +----------------------------------- Hemistena               
  |  |                                                            
  |  |                                +-- Plethobasus             
  +--+  +-----------------------------+                           
     |  |                             +-- Elliptio                
     |  |                                                         
     +--+  +----------------------------- Fusconaia               
        |  |                                                      
        |  |                          +-- Eurynia                 
        +--+  +-----------------------+                           
           |  |                       +-- Pleuronaia              
           |  |                                                   
           +--+                    +----- Pleurobema_sintoxia__2 **  
              |  +-----------------+                              
              |  |                 |  +-- Pleurobema_cordatum **     
              |  |                 +--+                           
              +--+                    +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia__1 **  
                 |                                                
                 |  +-------------------- Pleurobema_stabile **      
                 |  |                                             
                 +--+  +----------------- Pleurobema_pyriforme **    
                    |  |                                          
                    |  |           +----- Pleurobema_decisum **      
                    +--+  +--------+                              
                       |  |        |  +-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum **  
                       |  |        +--+                           
                       |  |           +-- Pleurobema_georgianum__2 **
                       +--+                                       
                          |           +-- Pleurobema_georgianum__1 **
                          |  +--------+                           
                          |  |        +-- Pleurobema_athearni **     
                          |  |                                    
                          +--+        +-- Pleurobema_oviforme **     
                             |  +-----+                           
                             |  |     +-- Pleurobema_clava **        
                             |  |                                 
                             +--+  +----- Pleurobema_beadleianum **  
                                |  |                              
                                |  +----- Pleurobema_rubellum **     
                                +--+                              
                                   +----- Pleurobema_strodeanum **   
                                   |                              
                                   |  +-- Pleurobema_perovatum **    
                                   +--+                           
                                      +-- Pleurobema_taitianum **    

Burdick & White, 2007 [Publ 2679], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
15 24 25 18 15 13 6 111.0
                    +----- Eurynia               
  +-----------------+                            
  |                 |  +-- Plethobasus           
  |                 +--+                         
  |                    +-- Elliptio              
  |                                              
  |  +-------------------- Pleurobema_plenum **     
--+  |                                           
  |  +-------------------- Pleuronaia            
  |  |                                           
  |  |                 +-- Pleurobema_cordatum__1 **
  |  |           +-----+                         
  |  |           |     +-- Fusconaia             
  +--+  +--------+                               
     |  |        |  +----- Pleurobema_sintoxia__1 **
     |  |        |  |                            
     |  |        +--+  +-- Pleurobema_cordatum__2 **
     |  |           |  |                         
     |  |           +--+-- Pleurobema_sintoxia__2 **
     |  |              |                         
     +--+              +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia__3 **
        |                                        
        |  +-------------- Pleurobema_stabile **    
        |  |                                     
        |  |           +-- Pleurobema_rubellum **   
        |  |     +-----+                         
        |  |     |     +-- Pleurobema_strodeanum ** 
        +--+  +--+                               
           |  |  |  +----- Pleurobema_beadleianum **
           |  |  +--+                            
           |  |     |  +-- Pleurobema_perovatum **  
           |  |     +--+                         
           +--+        +-- Pleurobema_taitianum **  
              |                                  
              |        +-- Pleurobema_clava **      
              |  +-----+                         
              |  |     +-- Pleurobema_oviforme **   
              |  |                               
              +--+     +-- Pleurobema_decisum **    
                 |  +--+                         
                 |  |  +-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum **
                 +--+                            
                    |  +-- Pleurobema_pyriforme **  
                    +--+                         
                       +-- Pleurobema_georgianum ** 

Campbell et al., 2008 [Publ 2675], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
15 24 17 17 11 9 7 120.0
                    +-- Pleurobema_cordatum **     
                    |                           
           +--------+-- Pleurobema_sintoxia__1 **  
           |        |                           
           |        +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia__2 **  
  +--------+                                    
  |        |  +-------- Fusconaia               
  |        |  |                                 
  |        +--+  +----- Pleuronaia              
  |           |  |                              
  |           |  |  +-- Eurynia                 
  |           +--+  |                           
  |              |  +-- Hemistena               
  |              |  |                           
--+              +--+-- Plethobasus             
  |                 |                           
  |                 +-- Parvaspina              
  |                 |                           
  |                 +-- Elliptio                
  |                                             
  |  +----------------- Pleurobema_stabile **      
  |  |                                          
  |  |  +-------------- Pleurobema_pyriforme **    
  |  |  |                                       
  +--+  |           +-- Pleurobema_georgianum__2 **
     |  +-----------+                           
     |  |           +-- Pleurobema_athearni **     
     |  |                                       
     |  |        +----- Pleurobema_decisum **      
     +--+--------+                              
        |        |  +-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum **  
        |        +--+                           
        |           +-- Pleurobema_georgianum__1 **
        |                                       
        |           +-- Pleurobema_clava **        
        |  +--------+                           
        |  |        +-- Pleurobema_oviforme **     
        +--+                                    
           |  +-------- Pleurobema_rubellum **     
           |  |                                 
           +--+-------- Pleurobema_strodeanum **   
              |                                 
              |  +----- Pleurobema_beadleianum **  
              +--+                              
                 |  +-- Pleurobema_taitianum **    
                 +--+                           
                    +-- Pleurobema_perovatum **    

Burlakova et al., 2012 [Publ 3486], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
15 35 25 17 21 20 7 115.0
  +----------------------- Hemistena             
  |                                              
  +----------------------- Pleurobema_stabile **    
  |                                              
--+  +-------------------- Eurynia               
  |  |                                           
  |  |           +-------- Pleurobema_riddellii **  
  |  |           |                               
  |  |  +--------+  +----- Pleurobema_sintoxia__2 **
  +--+  |        |  |                            
     |  |        +--+----- Pleurobema_sintoxia__3 **
     |  |           |                            
     |  |           |  +-- Pleurobema_cordatum **   
     |  |           +--+                         
     |  |              +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia__1 **
     +--+                                        
        |  +-------------- Parvaspina            
        |  |                                     
        |  +-------------- Pleuronaia            
        |  |                                     
        |  +-------------- Fusconaia             
        |  |                                     
        |  |           +-- Plethobasus           
        +--+-----------+                         
           |           +-- Elliptio              
           |                                     
           |           +-- Pleurobema_clava **      
           |  +--------+                         
           |  |        +-- Pleurobema_oviforme **   
           |  |                                  
           |  |  +-------- Pleurobema_decisum **    
           +--+  |                               
              |  +-------- Pleurobema_pyriforme **  
              |  |                               
              |  +-------- Pleurobema_hanleyianum **
              +--+                               
                 +-------- Pleurobema_georgianum ** 
                 |                               
                 |  +----- Pleurobema_rubellum **   
                 |  |                            
                 |  +----- Pleurobema_beadleianum **
                 +--+                            
                    +----- Pleurobema_strodeanum ** 
                    |                            
                    |  +-- Pleurobema_perovatum **  
                    +--+                         
                       +-- Pleurobema_taitianum **  

Burlakova et al., 2012 [Publ 3486], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
15 18 17 16 26 20 7 120.0
  +----------------------------------- Parvaspina            
  |                                                          
  |                                +-- Plethobasus           
--+  +-----------------------------+                         
  |  |                             +-- Elliptio              
  |  |                                                       
  +--+  +----------------------------- Fusconaia             
     |  |                                                    
     |  |                          +-- Eurynia               
     +--+  +-----------------------+                         
        |  |                       +-- Hemistena             
        |  |                                                 
        |  |              +----------- Pleuronaia            
        +--+  +-----------+                                  
           |  |           |  +-------- Pleurobema_riddellii **  
           |  |           +--+                               
           |  |              |  +----- Pleurobema_sintoxia__2 **
           |  |              +--+                            
           +--+                 |  +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia__1 **
              |                 +--+                         
              |                    +-- Pleurobema_cordatum **   
              |                                              
              |  +-------------------- Pleurobema_stabile **    
              |  |                                           
              +--+  +----------------- Pleurobema_pyriforme **  
                 |  |                                        
                 |  |           +----- Pleurobema_georgianum ** 
                 +--+  +--------+                            
                    |  |        |  +-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum **
                    |  |        +--+                         
                    |  |           +-- Pleurobema_decisum **    
                    +--+                                     
                       |           +-- Pleurobema_clava **      
                       |  +--------+                         
                       |  |        +-- Pleurobema_oviforme **   
                       +--+                                  
                          |  +-------- Pleurobema_beadleianum **
                          |  |                               
                          +--+     +-- Pleurobema_rubellum **   
                             |  +--+                         
                             |  |  +-- Pleurobema_strodeanum ** 
                             +--+                            
                                |  +-- Pleurobema_perovatum **  
                                +--+                         
                                   +-- Pleurobema_taitianum **  

Campbell et al., 2005 [Publ 2660], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
13 13 13 18 89 17 8 121.0
  +----------------------------------- Elliptoideus             
  |                                                             
--+  +-------------------------------- Hemistena                
  |  |                                                          
  |  |                             +-- Plethobasus              
  +--+  +--------------------------+                            
     |  |                          +-- Elliptio                 
     |  |                                                       
     |  |  +-------------------------- Pleuronaia               
     +--+  |                                                    
        |  +-------------------------- Fusconaia                
        |  |                                                    
        |  |                       +-- Eurynia                  
        |  +-----------------------+                            
        +--+                       +-- Parvaspina               
           |                                                    
           |                    +----- Pleurobema_sintoxia__2 **   
           |  +-----------------+                               
           |  |                 |  +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia__1 **   
           |  |                 +--+                            
           |  |                    +-- Pleurobema_cordatum **      
           +--+                                                 
              |  +-------------------- Pleurobema_pyriforme **     
              |  |                                              
              |  |                 +-- Pleurobema_georgianum__2 ** 
              |  |                 |                            
              +--+  +--------------+-- Pleurobema_georgianum__3 ** 
                 |  |              |                            
                 |  |              +-- Pleurobema_athearni **      
                 |  |                                           
                 |  |           +----- Pleurobema_decisum **       
                 +--+           |                               
                    |  +--------+  +-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum__1 **
                    |  |        |  |                            
                    |  |        +--+-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum__2 **
                    |  |           |                            
                    |  |           +-- Pleurobema_georgianum__1 ** 
                    +--+                                        
                       |           +-- Pleurobema_oviforme__1 **   
                       |           |                            
                       |  +--------+-- Pleurobema_oviforme__2 **   
                       |  |        |                            
                       +--+        +-- Pleurobema_clava **         
                          |                                     
                          |  +-------- Pleurobema_strodeanum **    
                          +--+                                  
                             |  +----- Pleurobema_rubellum **      
                             +--+                               
                                |  +-- Pleurobema_perovatum **     
                                +--+                            
                                   +-- Pleurobema_taitianum **     

Campbell et al., 2005 [Publ 2660], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
13 23 23 17 89 17 8 117.0
  +-------------------------------- Elliptoideus             
  |                                                          
  |  +----------------------------- Plethobasus              
--+  |                                                       
  |  +----------------------------- Parvaspina               
  |  |                                                       
  |  +----------------------------- Elliptio                 
  +--+                                                       
     |  +-------------------------- Eurynia                  
     |  |                                                    
     |  +-------------------------- Hemistena                
     |  |                                                    
     |  |  +----------------------- Fusconaia                
     +--+  |                                                 
        |  |                 +----- Pleurobema_sintoxia__2 **   
        |  +-----------------+                               
        |  |                 |  +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia__1 **   
        |  |                 +--+                            
        +--+                    +-- Pleurobema_cordatum **      
           |                                                 
           |  +-------------------- Pleuronaia               
           |  |                                              
           |  |           +-------- Pleurobema_rubellum **      
           |  |  +--------+                                  
           +--+  |        |  +----- Pleurobema_strodeanum **    
              |  |        +--+                               
              |  |           |  +-- Pleurobema_perovatum **     
              |  |           +--+                            
              |  |              +-- Pleurobema_taitianum **     
              +--+                                           
                 |              +-- Pleurobema_oviforme__1 **   
                 |              |                            
                 |  +-----------+-- Pleurobema_oviforme__2 **   
                 |  |           |                            
                 |  |           +-- Pleurobema_clava **         
                 +--+                                        
                    |  +----------- Pleurobema_pyriforme **     
                    |  |                                     
                    +--+        +-- Pleurobema_athearni **      
                       |  +-----+                            
                       |  |     +-- Pleurobema_georgianum__2 ** 
                       +--+                                  
                          |  +----- Pleurobema_decisum **       
                          |  |                               
                          +--+  +-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum__1 **
                             |  |                            
                             +--+-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum__2 **
                                |                            
                                +-- Pleurobema_georgianum__1 ** 

Campbell et al., 2008 [Publ 2675], fig. 5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
12 21 3 16 13 10 7 124.0
        +-- Elliptio_arctata         
  +-----+                            
  |     +-- Elliptio_crassidens      
  |                                  
  |  +----- Pleurobema_decisum **       
  |  |                               
  |  +----- Pleurobema_rubellum **      
  |  |                               
  |  +----- Pleurobema_georgianum__2 ** 
  |  |                               
  |  +----- Pleurobema_stabile **       
  |  |                               
  |  +----- Pleurobema_pyriforme **     
  |  |                               
--+  +----- Pleurobema_oviforme__2 **   
  |  |                               
  |  +----- Pleurobema_hanleyianum__2 **
  |  |                               
  |  +----- Pleuronaia               
  |  |                               
  |  +----- Pleurobema_georgianum__3 ** 
  |  |                               
  |  +----- Pleurobema_cordatum **      
  |  |                               
  |  +----- Pleurobema_beadleianum **   
  |  |                               
  |  +----- Hemistena                
  +--+                               
     +----- Fusconaia_flava          
     |                               
     +----- Fusconaia_cerina         
     |                               
     +----- Eurynia                  
     |                               
     +----- Elliptio_arca            
     |                               
     +----- Cyrtonaias               
     |                               
     |  +-- Plethobasus              
     +--+                            
     |  +-- Parvaspina               
     |                               
     |  +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia **      
     |  |                            
     +--+-- Pleurobema_oviforme__1 **   
     |  |                            
     |  +-- Pleurobema_clava **         
     |                               
     |  +-- Pleurobema_athearni **      
     |  |                            
     +--+-- Pleurobema_georgianum__1 ** 
        |                            
        +-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum__1 **

Campbell et al., 2008 [Publ 2675], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
12 23 8 15 13 10 7 127.0
  +-------------------- Cyrtonaias               
  |                                              
  +-------------------- Eurynia                  
  |                                              
  +-------------------- Fusconaia_cerina         
  |                                              
  +-------------------- Fusconaia_flava          
  |                                              
  +-------------------- Hemistena                
  |                                              
  +-------------------- Plethobasus              
  |                                              
  +-------------------- Parvaspina               
  |                                              
--+-------------------- Pleurobema_cordatum **      
  |                                              
  +-------------------- Pleuronaia               
  |                                              
  +-------------------- Pleurobema_oviforme__2 **   
  |                                              
  +-------------------- Pleurobema_stabile **       
  |                                              
  +-------------------- Elliptio                 
  |                                              
  |  +----------------- Pleurobema_decisum **       
  |  |                                           
  |  +----------------- Pleurobema_sintoxia **      
  |  |                                           
  |  +----------------- Pleurobema_clava **         
  +--+                                           
     +----------------- Pleurobema_oviforme__1 **   
     |                                           
     |  +-------------- Pleurobema_beadleianum **   
     |  |                                        
     +--+  +----------- Pleurobema_pyriforme **     
        |  |                                     
        +--+  +-------- Pleurobema_rubellum **      
           |  |                                  
           |  +-------- Pleurobema_hanleyianum__2 **
           +--+                                  
              +-------- Pleurobema_georgianum__2 ** 
              |                                  
              |  +----- Pleurobema_hanleyianum__1 **
              +--+                               
                 |  +-- Pleurobema_georgianum__1 ** 
                 +--+                            
                    +-- Pleurobema_athearni **      

Morrison et al., 2021 [Publ 4362], fig. 5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
10 10 8 10 1 1 1 123.0
  +-------------------- Fusconaia             
  |                                           
  |              +----- Pleurobema **            
--+  +-----------+                            
  |  |           |  +-- Pleurobema_clava **      
  |  |           +--+                         
  +--+              +-- Pleurobema_oviforme **   
     |                                        
     |  +-------------- Pleurobema_decisum **    
     |  |                                     
     +--+  +----------- Pleurobema_hanleyianum **
        |  |                                  
        +--+        +-- Pleurobema_taitianum **  
           |  +-----+                         
           |  |     +-- Pleurobema_perovatum **  
           +--+                               
              |  +----- Pleurobema_rubellum **   
              +--+                            
                 |  +-- Pleurobema_strodeanum ** 
                 +--+                         
                    +-- Pleurobema_beadleianum **

Perkins et al., 2017 [Publ 3777], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
10 10 8 10 26 24 6 117.0
     +-------------- Pleuronaia            
  +--+                                     
  |  |  +----------- Fusconaia             
  |  +--+                                  
  |     |  +-------- Parvaspina            
  |     +--+                               
  |        |  +----- Elliptio              
  |        +--+                            
  |           |  +-- Eurynia               
--+           +--+                         
  |              +-- Hemistena             
  |                                        
  |              +-- Pleurobema_clava **      
  |  +-----------+                         
  |  |           +-- Pleurobema_oviforme **   
  |  |                                     
  |  |     +-------- Pleurobema_pyriforme **  
  +--+  +--+                               
     |  |  |  +----- Pleurobema_georgianum ** 
     |  |  +--+                            
     |  |     |  +-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum **
     +--+     +--+                         
        |        +-- Pleurobema_decisum **    
        |                                  
        |  +-------- Pleurobema_rubellum **   
        +--+                               
           |  +----- Pleurobema_perovatum **  
           +--+                            
              |  +-- Pleurobema_beadleianum **
              +--+                         
                 +-- Pleurobema_strodeanum ** 

Perkins et al., 2017 [Publ 3777], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
9 15 4 9 15 13 6 121.0
  +----------------- Parvaspina            
  |                                        
  |  +-------------- Elliptio_arca         
  |  |                                     
--+  +-------------- Hemistena             
  |  |                                     
  |  |           +-- Elliptio_arctata      
  |  +-----------+                         
  |  |           +-- Elliptio_crassidens   
  +--+                                     
     |  +----------- Eurynia               
     |  |                                  
     |  |  +-------- Pleurobema_oviforme **   
     |  |  |                               
     |  |  +-------- Pleurobema_clava **      
     |  |  |                               
     +--+  +-------- Pleurobema_pyriforme **  
        |  |                               
        |  +-------- Pleurobema_georgianum ** 
        |  |                               
        |  +-------- Pleurobema_beadleianum **
        |  |                               
        +--+-------- Pleurobema_hanleyianum **
           |                               
           +-------- Pleurobema_decisum **    
           |                               
           |     +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia **   
           +-----+                         
           |     +-- Pleurobema_rubellum **   
           |                               
           |  +----- Elliptio_spinosa      
           |  |                            
           +--+  +-- Fusconaia_escambia    
              |  |                         
              |  +-- Fusconaia_flava       
              +--+                         
                 +-- Fusconaia_cerina      
                 |                         
                 +-- Pleuronaia            

Morrison et al., 2021 [Publ 4362], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
9 9 7 9 1 1 1 120.0
  +----------------- Fusconaia             
  |                                        
  |              +-- Pleurobema_clava **      
  |           +--+                         
--+           |  +-- Pleurobema_oviforme **   
  |  +--------+                            
  |  |        |  +-- Pleurobema_decisum **    
  |  |        +--+                         
  +--+           +-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum **
     |                                     
     |  +----------- Pleurobema_beadleianum **
     +--+                                  
        |  +-------- Pleurobema_strodeanum ** 
        +--+                               
           |  +----- Pleurobema_rubellum **   
           +--+                            
              |  +-- Pleurobema_taitianum **  
              +--+                         
                 +-- Pleurobema_perovatum **  

Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3308], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
6 15 15 6 37 19 8 111.0
  +----------------------- Elliptio            
  |                                            
--+  +-------------------- Eurynia             
  |  |                                         
  |  |  +----------------- Parvaspina          
  +--+  |                                      
     |  |              +-- Hemistena           
     |  +--------------+                       
     +--+              +-- Plethobasus         
        |                                      
        |  +-------------- Pleuronaia          
        |  |                                   
        |  |           +-- Pleurobema_cordatum ** 
        +--+  +--------+                       
           |  |        +-- Fusconaia           
           |  |                                
           +--+        +-- Pleurobema_stabile **  
              |  +-----+                       
              |  |     +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia ** 
              +--+                             
                 |  +----- Pleurobema_decisum **  
                 +--+                          
                    |  +-- Pleurobema_clava **    
                    +--+                       
                       +-- Pleurobema_pyriforme **

Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3308], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
6 24 23 6 36 19 8 119.0
  +-------------------- Elliptoideus        
  |                                         
  |  +----------------- Pleurobema_stabile **  
--+  |                                      
  |  |           +----- Pleurobema_pyriforme **
  |  |  +--------+                          
  +--+  |        |  +-- Pleurobema_clava **    
     |  |        +--+                       
     |  |           +-- Pleurobema_decisum **  
     |  |                                   
     +--+           +-- Pleurobema_cordatum ** 
        |  +--------+                       
        |  |        +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia ** 
        |  |                                
        |  |     +----- Pleuronaia          
        +--+  +--+                          
           |  |  |  +-- Parvaspina          
           |  |  +--+                       
           |  |     +-- Fusconaia           
           +--+                             
              |     +-- Eurynia             
              |  +--+                       
              |  |  +-- Hemistena           
              +--+                          
                 |  +-- Plethobasus         
                 +--+                       
                    +-- Elliptio            

Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3308], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
6 24 23 6 36 19 8 117.0
  +-------------------------- Elliptoideus        
  |                                               
--+  +----------------------- Pleurobema_stabile **  
  |  |                                            
  +--+  +-------------------- Hemistena           
     |  |                                         
     +--+  +----------------- Eurynia             
        |  |                                      
        |  |              +-- Pleurobema_cordatum ** 
        +--+  +-----------+                       
           |  |           +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia ** 
           |  |                                   
           |  |        +----- Pleurobema_clava **    
           +--+  +-----+                          
              |  |     |  +-- Pleurobema_decisum **  
              |  |     +--+                       
              |  |        +-- Pleurobema_pyriforme **
              +--+                                
                 |        +-- Parvaspina          
                 |  +-----+                       
                 |  |     +-- Pleuronaia          
                 +--+                             
                    |  +----- Fusconaia           
                    +--+                          
                       |  +-- Plethobasus         
                       +--+                       
                          +-- Elliptio            

Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3308], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
6 6 4 6 36 19 8 118.0
  +-------------------- Elliptoideus        
  |                                         
  |  +----------------- Hemistena           
  |  |                                      
--+  +----------------- Plethobasus         
  |  |                                      
  |  +----------------- Elliptio            
  |  |                                      
  +--+              +-- Eurynia             
     +--------------+                       
     |              +-- Parvaspina          
     |                                      
     |  +-------------- Pleuronaia          
     |  |                                   
     |  +-------------- Fusconaia           
     +--+                                   
        |           +-- Pleurobema_cordatum ** 
        |  +--------+                       
        |  |        +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia ** 
        +--+                                
           |  +-------- Pleurobema_stabile **  
           +--+                             
              |  +----- Pleurobema_pyriforme **
              +--+                          
                 |  +-- Pleurobema_clava **    
                 +--+                       
                    +-- Pleurobema_decisum **  

Pfeiffer et al., 2016 [Publ 3660], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
6 7 4 6 32 15 8 120.0
  +----------------- Elliptio             
  |                                       
  |  +-------------- Parvaspina           
--+  |                                    
  |  +-------------- Plethobasus          
  |  |                                    
  |  |           +-- Hemistena            
  +--+-----------+                        
     |           +-- Eurynia              
     |                                    
     |  +----------- Fusconaia            
     |  |                                 
     |  |     +----- Pleurobema_riddellii ** 
     +--+  +--+                           
        |  |  |  +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia **  
        |  |  +--+                        
        +--+     +-- Pleurobema_cordatum **  
           |                              
           |  +----- Pleuronaia           
           |  |                           
           +--+  +-- Pleurobema_pyriforme ** 
              |  |                        
              +--+-- Pleurobema_strodeanum **
                 |                        
                 +-- Pleurobema_clava **     

Kandl et al., 2001 [Publ 3384], fig. 5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
5 5 4 10 4 2 2 118.0
  +----------------- Elliptio               
  |                                         
--+  +-------------- Fusconaia              
  |  |                                      
  +--+  +----------- Pleurobema_sintoxia **    
     |  |                                   
     |  |        +-- Pleurobema_clava **       
     +--+  +-----+                          
        |  |     +-- Pleurobema_strodeanum **  
        |  |                                
        +--+  +----- Pleurobema_pyriforme__6 **
           |  |                             
           |  |  +-- Pleurobema_pyriforme__1 **
           +--+  |                          
              |  +-- Pleurobema **             
              |  |                          
              |  +-- Pleurobema_pyriforme__2 **
              +--+                          
                 +-- Pleurobema_pyriforme__3 **
                 |                          
                 +-- Pleurobema_pyriforme__4 **
                 |                          
                 +-- Pleurobema_pyriforme__5 **

Kandl et al., 2001 [Publ 3384], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
4 4 3 11 2 1 1 118.0
  +----------- Pleurobema_sintoxia **    
  |                                   
--+  +-------- Pleurobema_strodeanum **  
  |  |                                
  |  |  +----- Pleurobema_pyriforme__7 **
  +--+  |                             
     |  |  +-- Pleurobema_pyriforme__1 **
     |  |  |                          
     +--+  +-- Pleurobema_pyriforme__2 **
        |  |                          
        |  +-- Pleurobema_pyriforme__3 **
        |  |                          
        |  +-- Pleurobema_pyriforme__4 **
        +--+                          
           +-- Pleurobema_pyriforme__5 **
           |                          
           +-- Pleurobema__1 **          
           |                          
           +-- Pleurobema_pyriforme__6 **
           |                          
           +-- Pleurobema__2 **          

Pieri et al., 2018 [Publ 3867], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 3 1 3 17 14 2 118.0
  +-------- Eurynia             
  |                             
--+-------- Fusconaia           
  |                             
  |  +----- Pleurobema_clava **    
  +--+                          
     |  +-- Pleurobema_riddellii **
     +--+                       
        +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia ** 

Johnson et al., 2023 [Publ 4323], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 3 1 3 1 1 1 118.0
  +-------- Fusconaia             
--+                               
  |  +----- Pleurobema_riddellii **  
  +--+                            
     |  +-- Pleurobema_beadleianum **
     +--+                         
        +-- Pleurobema_clava **      

Lopes-Lima et al., 2019 [Publ 3901], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 24 0 0 --
  +-- Pleurobema_riddellii **
--+                       
  +-- Pleurobema_oviforme ** 

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3866], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 3 0 2 33 4 4 119.0
  +-------------- Elliptoideus         
--+                                    
  |  +----------- Elliptio             
  +--+                                 
     |  +-------- Pleuronaia           
     +--+                              
        |  +----- Pleurobema_riddellii ** 
        +--+                           
           |  +-- Fusconaia            
           +--+                        
              +-- Pleurobema_strodeanum **

Inoue et al., 2020 [Publ 3941], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 40 6 5 --
  +----------- Parvaspina         
  |                               
  |        +-- Eurynia            
--+  +-----+                      
  |  |     +-- Hemistena          
  |  |                            
  +--+     +-- Pleurobema_clava **   
     |  +--+                      
     |  |  +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia **
     +--+                         
        |  +-- Pleuronaia         
        +--+                      
           +-- Fusconaia          

Inoue et al., 2020 [Publ 3941], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 39 6 5 --
  +----------- Parvaspina         
  |                               
  |        +-- Eurynia            
--+  +-----+                      
  |  |     +-- Hemistena          
  |  |                            
  +--+     +-- Pleurobema_clava **   
     |  +--+                      
     |  |  +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia **
     +--+                         
        |  +-- Pleuronaia         
        +--+                      
           +-- Fusconaia          

Lopes-Lima et al., 2019 [Publ 3901], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 27 0 0 --
  +-- Pleurobema_oviforme ** 
--+                       
  +-- Pleurobema_riddellii **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8a_S1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 91 1 1 --
  +-- Elliptio           
--+                      
  +-- Pleurobema_oviforme **

Lydeard et al., 2000 [Publ 2654], fig. 2b

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 13 3 1 --
  +-- Pleurobema_decisum **
--+                     
  +-- Fusconaia         

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 195 4 4 --
  +-------- Elliptoideus       
  |                            
--+     +-- Elliptio           
  |  +--+                      
  |  |  +-- Eurynia            
  +--+                         
     |  +-- Fusconaia          
     +--+                      
        +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia **

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 4-5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 56 2 2 --
  +----- Elliptoideus         
--+                           
  |  +-- Elliptio             
  +--+                        
     +-- Pleurobema_strodeanum **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-BI

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 73 1 1 --
  +-- Pleurobema_oviforme **
--+                      
  +-- Elliptio           

Smith et al., 2020 [Publ 4129], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 27 1 1 --
  +-- Pleurobema_strodeanum **
--+                        
  +-- Elliptoideus         

Rosenberg et al., 1997 [Publ 2720], fig. 2A

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 21 2 2 --
-- Pleurobema_cordatum

Zanatta & Murphy, 2006 [Publ 2672], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 55 3 3 --
  +-- Pleurobema_clava **
  |                   
  +-- Eurynia         
--+                   
  +-- Pleuronaia      
  |                   
  +-- Fusconaia       

Jadhav & Jamkhedkar, 2009 [Publ 3697], fig. 11

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 24 1 1 --
-- Pleurobema_sintoxia

Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 52 1 1 --
  +-- Elliptio           
--+                      
  +-- Pleurobema_oviforme **

Porto-Hannes et al., 2021 [Publ 4227], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 10 0 0 --
-- Pleurobema_sintoxia

Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2653], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 30 2 2 --
  +----- Eurynia         
--+                      
  |  +-- Pleurobema_clava **
  +--+                   
     +-- Fusconaia       

Smith et al., 2020 [Publ 4129], fig. 2-3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 27 1 1 --
  +-- Pleurobema_strodeanum **
--+                        
  +-- Elliptoideus         

Lopes-Lima et al., 2019 [Publ 3901], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 27 1 1 --
  +-- Pleurobema_riddellii **
--+                       
  +-- Elliptio            

Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 30 2 2 --
  +----- Eurynia         
--+                      
  |  +-- Fusconaia       
  +--+                   
     +-- Pleurobema_clava **

Rosenberg et al., 1994 [Publ 2719], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 18 2 2 --
-- Pleurobema_cordatum

Smith et al., 2020 [Publ 4136], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 11 11 1 --
  +-- Pleurobema_clava **
--+                   
  +-- Fusconaia       

Graf & Cummings, 2006 [Publ 1968], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 46 2 2 --
  +----- Eurynia            
--+                         
  |  +-- Fusconaia          
  +--+                      
     +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia **

Hewitt et al., 2018 [Publ 3758], fig. 5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 8 1 1 --
  +-- Fusconaia          
--+                      
  +-- Pleurobema_rubellum **

Zanatta & Murphy, 2006 [Publ 2672], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 56 4 4 --
  +-------- Pleuronaia      
  |                         
--+-------- Pleurobema_clava **
  |                         
  |  +----- Fusconaia       
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Hemistena       
     +--+                   
        +-- Eurynia         

Smith et al., 2020 [Publ 4136], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 19 18 8 --
  +-------------- Elliptoideus    
  |                               
--+  +----------- Elliptio        
  |  |                            
  |  +----------- Plethobasus     
  +--+                            
     |  +-------- Parvaspina      
     |  |                         
     |  |     +-- Hemistena       
     +--+-----+                   
        |     +-- Eurynia         
        |                         
        |  +----- Fusconaia       
        +--+                      
           |  +-- Pleuronaia      
           +--+                   
              +-- Pleurobema_clava **

Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2648], fig. 2A

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 29 2 2 --
  +----- Eurynia            
--+                         
  |  +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia **
  +--+                      
     +-- Fusconaia          

Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 3836], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 52 5 3 --
  +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia **
--+                            
  |  +----- Fusconaia          
  +--+                         
     |  +-- Elliptio           
     +--+                      
        +-- Eurynia            

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 45 2 2 --
  +----- Eurynia            
--+                         
  |  +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia **
  +--+                      
     +-- Fusconaia          

Chapman et al., 2008 [Publ 2744], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 20 1 1 --
  +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia **
--+                      
  +-- Fusconaia          

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3745], fig. 1-2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 79 2 2 --
  +----- Elliptio           
--+                         
  |  +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia **
  +--+                      
     +-- Eurynia            

Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S1_1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 75 2 2 --
  +----- Elliptio           
--+                         
  |  +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia **
  +--+                      
     +-- Eurynia            

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 73 1 1 --
  +-- Pleurobema_oviforme **
--+                      
  +-- Elliptio           

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-nt

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 95 1 1 --
  +-- Elliptio           
--+                      
  +-- Pleurobema_oviforme **

Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 30 2 2 --
-- Pleurobema_clava

Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2648], fig. 2B

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 29 2 2 --
  +----- Eurynia            
--+                         
  |  +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia **
  +--+                      
     +-- Fusconaia          

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 6

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 56 2 2 --
  +----- Elliptoideus         
--+                           
  |  +-- Elliptio             
  +--+                        
     +-- Pleurobema_strodeanum **

Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 30 2 2 --
-- Pleurobema_clava

Lydeard et al., 2000 [Publ 2654], fig. 2d

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 13 3 1 --
  +-- Pleurobema_decisum **
--+                     
  +-- Fusconaia         

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 6

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 53 1 1 --
  +-- Elliptio           
--+                      
  +-- Pleurobema_oviforme **

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 138 2 2 --
  +----- Pleurobema_sintoxia **
--+                         
  |  +-- Eurynia            
  +--+                      
     +-- Elliptio           

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 197 4 4 --
  +----------- Elliptoideus       
--+                               
  |  +-------- Elliptio           
  +--+                            
     |  +----- Eurynia            
     +--+                         
        |  +-- Fusconaia          
        +--+                      
           +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia **

Lydeard et al., 2000 [Publ 2654], fig. 2a

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 13 3 1 --
  +-- Pleurobema_decisum **
--+                     
  +-- Fusconaia         

Lydeard et al., 2000 [Publ 2654], fig. 2c

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 13 3 1 --
  +-- Pleurobema_decisum **
--+                     
  +-- Fusconaia         

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 46 2 2 --
  +----- Eurynia            
--+                         
  |  +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia **
  +--+                      
     +-- Fusconaia          

Mejia-Trujillo & Smith, 2022 [Publ 4274], fig. 2-F

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 14 1 1 --
  +-- Pleurobema_oviforme **
--+                      
  +-- Elliptio           

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 68 0 0 --
-- Pleurobema_oviforme

Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-ML

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 35 0 0 --
-- Pleurobema_sintoxia

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-aa

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 95 1 1 --
  +-- Elliptio           
--+                      
  +-- Pleurobema_oviforme **

Boyer et al., 2011 [Publ 2718], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 34 3 3 --
     +-- Fusconaia          
  +--+                      
  |  +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia **
--+                         
  |  +-- Eurynia            
  +--+                      
     +-- Elliptio           

Teiga-Teixeira et al., 2020 [Publ 4173], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 18 1 1 --
  +-- Elliptio           
--+                      
  +-- Pleurobema_oviforme **

Bogan & Hoeh, 2000 [Publ 2650], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 33 2 2 --
  +-- Eurynia         
  |                   
--+-- Pleurobema_clava **
  |                   
  +-- Fusconaia       

Lydeard et al., 1996 [Publ 2656], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 26 2 2 --
-- Pleurobema_pyriforme

Bolotov et al., 2018 [Publ 3826], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 82 1 1 --
-- Pleurobema_sintoxia

Chapman et al., 2008 [Publ 2667], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 20 1 1 --
  +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia **
--+                      
  +-- Fusconaia          

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 138 2 2 --
  +----- Pleurobema_sintoxia **
--+                         
  |  +-- Elliptio           
  +--+                      
     +-- Eurynia            

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 197 4 4 --
  +-------- Elliptoideus       
  |                            
--+     +-- Elliptio           
  |  +--+                      
  |  |  +-- Eurynia            
  +--+                         
     |  +-- Fusconaia          
     +--+                      
        +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-ML

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 73 1 1 --
  +-- Pleurobema_oviforme **
--+                      
  +-- Elliptio           

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4358], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 51 1 1 --
  +-- Elliptio           
--+                      
  +-- Pleurobema_oviforme **

Neemuchwala et al., 2023 [Publ 4292], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 26 0 0 --
-- Pleurobema_strodeanum

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 45 2 2 --
  +-- Eurynia            
  |                      
--+-- Pleurobema_sintoxia **
  |                      
  +-- Fusconaia          

Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 33 1 1 --
-- Pleurobema_pyriforme

Boyer et al., 2011 [Publ 2718], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 37 3 3 --
  +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia **
--+                            
  |  +----- Elliptio           
  +--+                         
     |  +-- Fusconaia          
     +--+                      
        +-- Eurynia            

Lydeard et al., 1996 [Publ 2656], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 27 2 2 --
  +-- Eurynia             
--+                       
  +-- Pleurobema_pyriforme **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8b_S2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 91 1 1 --
  +-- Elliptio           
--+                      
  +-- Pleurobema_oviforme **

Krebs et al., 2003 [Publ 2691], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 32 3 3 --
-- Pleurobema_pyriforme

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3764], fig. S1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 124 2 2 --
-- Pleurobema_sintoxia

Porto-Hannes et al., 2021 [Publ 4227], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 14 1 1 --
  +-- Eurynia            
--+                      
  +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia **

Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S2_2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 75 2 2 --
  +----- Pleurobema_sintoxia **
--+                         
  |  +-- Eurynia            
  +--+                      
     +-- Elliptio           

Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-MP

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 35 0 0 --
-- Pleurobema_sintoxia

Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4084], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 35 1 1 --
-- Pleurobema_sintoxia

Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 33 1 1 --
-- Pleurobema_pyriforme

Burlakova et al., 2019 [Publ 3899], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 32 1 1 --
  +-- Elliptio           
--+                      
  +-- Pleurobema_rubellum **

Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 30 2 2 --
  +----- Eurynia         
--+                      
  |  +-- Fusconaia       
  +--+                   
     +-- Pleurobema_clava **

Page updated: 14:56:40 Wed 04 Dec 2024

 
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