|
Bivalvia | Unionoida | Unionoidea family UNIONIDAE Rafinesque, 1820: cladomics
5 subfamilies, 33 genera
Cladomics Summary
number of species = 1071
number of subtaxa (rank: subfamily) = 38
analyzed in 552 cladograms in 303 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis = 160, mean = 20.98
maximum number of subtaxa (subfamily) in an analysis = 4, mean = 1.89
Basic Monophyly
number of cladograms that test basic monophyly (i.e., more than 1 included species) = 530
maximum number of included terminals = 160, mean = 21.81
maximum number of subtaxa (subfamily) = 4, mean = 1.93
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly = 0.93
Rigorous Monophyly
number of cladograms that test rigorous monophyly = 190
(Rigorous monophyly refers to cladograms with terminal species representing more than one subtaxon (subfamily) taxon and at least one rigorous outgroup (family).
maximum number of included terminals = 160, mean = 30.93
maximum number of subtaxa (subfamily) = 4, mean = 2.91
proportion of cladograms that support rigorous monophyly = 0.85
Pairwise Cladogram Clustering
The graphs below depict in two dimensions all pair-wise ingroup distances within the cladome. See the Cladmoics FARQ for more information.
Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 5
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 24 |
45 |
39 |
4 |
22 |
2 |
1 |
0.0 |
*** Top Monophyly Cladogram ***
+----------------------- Parreysiinae **
|
| +----------- Pseudodontini **
| +--------+
--+ | | +-------- Contradentini **
| | +--+
| | | +----- Unioninae **
| | +--+
+--+ | +-- Gonideini **
| +--+
| +-- Ambleminae **
|
| +----------------- Margaritiferidae
+--+
| +-------------- Hyriidae
+--+
| +----------- Pseudomulleria
+--+
| +-------- Mulleria
+--+
| +----- Etheria
+--+
| +-- Mycetopodidae
+--+
+-- Iridinidae
Lopes-Lima et al., 2018 [Publ 3829], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 3 |
3 |
1 |
3 |
25 |
14 |
1 |
46.0 |
*** Top Sister-Group Cladogram ***
+-------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +----- Gonideinae **
+--+
| +-- Ambleminae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 160 |
160 |
143 |
4 |
39 |
13 |
1 |
182.0 |
+----------------------- Margaritiferidae
|
--+ +-------------------- Parreysiinae **
| |
+--+ +----------------- Unioninae **
| |
+--+ +-- Rectidentini **
| +-----------+
| | +-- Contradentini **
+--+
| +----------- Ambleminae **
+--+
| +-------- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Pseudodontini **
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 160 |
160 |
98 |
4 |
39 |
13 |
1 |
178.0 |
+----------------- Margaritiferidae
|
| +-------------- Parreysiinae **
| |
| | +----------- Chamberlainia **
--+ | |
| | +----------- Megalonaias **
| | |
| | +----------- Uniomerus **
| | |
+--+ +----------- Quadrulina **
| |
| +----------- Sinohyriopsis **
| |
| +----------- Lamprotulini **
| |
| +----------- Gonideini **
| |
| +----------- Pseudodontini **
+--+
+----------- Unioninae **
|
| +-- Rectidentini **
+--------+
| +-- Contradentini **
|
| +-------- Amblema **
| |
| +-------- Toxolasma **
| |
| +-------- Pleurobemini **
| |
| | +-- Obliquaria **
| +-----+
| | +-- Plectomerus **
+--+
| +----- Ellipsaria **
| |
| +----- Potamilus_leptodon **
| |
| +----- Medionidus **
| |
| +----- Potamilus_alatus **
| |
| +----- Ptychobranchus **
+--+
+----- Truncilla **
|
+----- Venustaconcha **
|
+----- Cambarunio **
|
+----- Leaunio **
|
| +-- Ortmanniana **
+--+
+-- Lampsilis **
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 158 |
158 |
156 |
4 |
39 |
13 |
1 |
175.0 |
+----------------------- Margaritiferidae
|
--+ +-------------------- Parreysiinae **
| |
+--+ +----------------- Pseudodontini **
| |
+--+ +-- Rectidentini **
| +-----------+
| | +-- Contradentini **
+--+
| +----------- Unioninae **
+--+
| +-------- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +----- Ambleminae **
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3764], fig. S1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 125 |
125 |
72 |
4 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
148.0 |
+----------------- Parreysiinae **
|
--+ +-------------- Pseudodontini **
| |
| | +-- Rectidentini **
+--+ +--------+
| | +-- Contradentini **
| |
+--+ +-------- Unioninae **
| |
| | +----- Ambleminae **
| | |
+--+ | +-- Chamberlainia **
| | |
| | +-- Sinohyriopsis **
| | |
| | +-- Lamprotula_caveata **
+--+ |
| +-- Lamprotula_leaii **
| |
| +-- Potomida **
| |
| +-- Pronodularia **
| |
+--+-- Gonidea **
|
+-- Leguminaia_wheatleyi **
|
+-- Leguminaia **
|
+-- Microcondylaea **
|
+-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **
|
+-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **
|
+-- Sinosolenaia_recognita **
Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 114 |
114 |
114 |
4 |
25 |
10 |
1 |
135.0 |
+-------------------- Parreysiinae **
|
--+ +-- Rectidentini **
| +--------------+
| | +-- Contradentini **
+--+
| +-------------- Pseudodontini **
+--+
| +----------- Unioninae **
+--+
| +-------- Ambleminae **
+--+
| +----- Gonideini **
+--+
| +-- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 114 |
137 |
123 |
4 |
25 |
10 |
1 |
152.5 |
+-- Chamberlainia **
+--------------------+
| +-- Margaritiferidae
|
| +-------- Hyriidae
+--------------+
| | +----- Iridinidae
--+ +--+
| | +-- Mycetopodidae
| +--+
| +-- Etheriidae
|
| +-------------------- Parreysiinae **
| |
+--+ +----------------- Unioninae **
| |
+--+ +-- Contradentini **
| +-----------+
| | +-- Rectidentini **
+--+
| +----------- Ambleminae **
+--+
| +-------- Pseudodontini **
+--+
| +----- Gonideini **
+--+
| +-- Sinohyriopsis **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4100], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 113 |
113 |
98 |
2 |
5 |
5 |
1 |
152.0 |
+----- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +-- Parreysiinae **
+--+
+-- Gonideinae **
Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4100], fig. S1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 112 |
112 |
100 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
151.0 |
+-- Parreysiinae **
--+
+-- Gonideinae **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 2-4
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 110 |
110 |
92 |
4 |
11 |
2 |
1 |
140.0 |
+----------------- Parreysiinae **
|
| +-------------- Unioninae **
--+ |
| | +-- Lens **
| | |
| | +-- Ensidens **
+--+ |
| +--------+-- Physunio **
| | |
| | +-- Rectidens **
| | |
+--+ +-- Yaukthwa **
|
| +-------- Ambleminae **
| |
+--+ +-- Chamberlainiini **
| +--+
| | +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Inoue et al., 2018 [Publ 3858], fig. 1_3a-c
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 103 |
103 |
62 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
202.0 |
+-------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +----- Unioninae **
+--+
| +-- Gonideinae **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae **
Campbell et al., 2005 [Publ 2660], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 100 |
100 |
90 |
3 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
128.0 |
+----------- Margaritiferidae
|
--+ +-- Chamberlainiini **
| +-----+
| | +-- Unioninae **
+--+
| +----- Ambleminae **
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Campbell et al., 2005 [Publ 2660], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 100 |
100 |
101 |
3 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
131.0 |
+----------- Margaritiferidae
|
--+ +-------- Chamberlainiini **
| |
+--+-------- Unioninae **
|
| +----- Ambleminae **
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8a_S1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 85 |
85 |
82 |
4 |
6 |
2 |
1 |
121.0 |
+----------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +-------- Ambleminae **
+--+
| +----- Gonideinae **
+--+
| +-- Parreysiinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8b_S2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 85 |
85 |
81 |
4 |
6 |
2 |
1 |
121.0 |
+----------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +-------- Ambleminae **
+--+
| +----- Gonideinae **
+--+
| +-- Parreysiinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-aa
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 84 |
84 |
82 |
4 |
11 |
7 |
1 |
120.0 |
+----------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +-------- Ambleminae **
+--+
| +----- Gonideinae **
+--+
| +-- Parreysiinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-nt
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 84 |
84 |
80 |
4 |
11 |
7 |
1 |
120.0 |
+----------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +-------- Ambleminae **
+--+
| +----- Gonideinae **
+--+
| +-- Parreysiinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Bolotov et al., 2018 [Publ 3826], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 83 |
83 |
50 |
4 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
106.0 |
+-------------- Parreysiinae **
|
| +----------- Pseudodontini **
--+ |
| | +-- Rectidentini **
| | +-----+
+--+ | +-- Contradentini **
| |
| | +----- Unioninae **
| | |
+--+ | +-- Lamprotula **
| | |
| | +-- Potomida **
| | |
| | +-- Pronodularia **
+--+ |
| +-- Gonidea **
| |
| +-- Leguminaia **
| |
| +-- Microcondylaea **
| |
+--+-- Amblemini **
|
+-- Ortmanniana **
|
+-- Lampsilis **
|
+-- Cambarunio **
|
+-- Elliptio **
|
+-- Pleurobema **
|
+-- Quadrulini **
Konopleva et al., 2023 [Publ 4262], fig. 8
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 82 |
82 |
80 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
120.0 |
+-- Parreysiinae **
--+
+-- Gonideinae **
Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 79 |
79 |
77 |
3 |
9 |
6 |
1 |
114.0 |
+-------------------------------- Margaritiferidae
|
| +----------------------------- Ambleminae **
--+ |
| | +-------------- Chamberlainiini **
| | |
| | +-----------+ +-- Contradentini **
+--+ | | +--------+
| | | | +-- Rectidentini **
| | +--+
| | | +-------- Lamprotulini **
| | +--+
| | | +----- Pseudodontini **
+--+ +--+
| | +-- Inversiunio **
| +--+
| +-- Gonideini **
|
| +----------------------- Lepidodesmini **
| |
| | +----- Anodontini **
+--+ +--------------+
| | | +-- Acuticostini **
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Lanceolariini **
|
| +----------------- Globunio **
| |
+--+ +-------------- Aculamprotula **
| |
+--+ +----------- Unio **
| |
+--+ +-- Nodularia **
| +-----+
| | +-- Pseudocuneopsis **
+--+
| +----- Schistodesmus **
+--+
| +-- Tchangsinaia **
+--+
+-- Cuneopsis **
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 2_I
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 74 |
74 |
72 |
4 |
17 |
7 |
1 |
106.0 |
+----------------------- Margaritiferidae
|
--+ +-------------------- Parreysiinae **
| |
+--+ +----------------- Unioninae **
| |
+--+ +-- Rectidentini **
| +-----------+
| | +-- Contradentini **
+--+
| +----------- Ambleminae **
+--+
| +-------- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Hou et al., 2024 [Publ 4400], fig. 4
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 74 |
74 |
72 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
112.0 |
+----- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +-- Ambleminae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 6
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 74 |
74 |
72 |
4 |
17 |
7 |
1 |
106.0 |
+----------------------- Margaritiferidae
|
--+ +-------------------- Parreysiinae **
| |
+--+ +----------------- Unioninae **
| |
+--+ +-- Contradentini **
| +-----------+
| | +-- Rectidentini **
+--+
| +----------- Ambleminae **
+--+
| +-------- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3309], fig. 1-2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 73 |
73 |
63 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
110.0 |
-- (Ambleminae
Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3309], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 73 |
73 |
67 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
108.0 |
-- (Ambleminae
Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3745], fig. 1-2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 68 |
69 |
63 |
4 |
12 |
2 |
1 |
95.0 |
+-------------------------- Parreysiinae **
|
| +----------------------- Unioninae **
--+ |
| | +-------- Rectidentini **
| | +-----------+
+--+ | | +----- Lens **
| | +--+
| | | +-- Physunio **
| | +--+
+--+ +-- unionoid
|
| +----------------- Ambleminae **
| |
| | +-- Chamberlainiini **
+--+ +-----------+
| | +-- Lamprotulini **
| |
+--+ +-- Parvasolenaia **
| +--------+
| | +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
| +-------- Sinosolenaia **
+--+
| +----- Gonidea **
+--+
| +-- Microcondylaea **
+--+
+-- Leguminaia **
Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S1_1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 66 |
66 |
63 |
3 |
10 |
10 |
1 |
88.0 |
+----------------- Margaritiferidae
|
--+ +-------------- Pseudodontini **
| |
+--+ +-- Contradentini **
| +--------+
| | +-- Rectidentini **
+--+
| +-------- Gonideini **
| |
+--+ +-- Chamberlainiini **
| +--+
| | +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Ambleminae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S2_2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 66 |
66 |
64 |
3 |
10 |
10 |
1 |
86.0 |
+----------------- Margaritiferidae
|
--+ +-------------- Pseudodontini **
| |
+--+ +-- Rectidentini **
| +--------+
| | +-- Contradentini **
+--+
| +-------- Gonideini **
| |
+--+ +-- Chamberlainiini **
| +--+
| | +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Ambleminae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 64 |
64 |
62 |
3 |
9 |
6 |
1 |
99.0 |
+-------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +----- Ambleminae **
+--+
| +-- Gonideinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Bolotov et al., 2024 [Publ 4369], fig. S1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 63 |
63 |
61 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
105.0 |
+-- Gonideinae **
--+
+-- Parreysiinae **
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-ML
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 62 |
62 |
60 |
3 |
11 |
7 |
1 |
96.0 |
+-------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +----- Ambleminae **
+--+
| +-- Gonideinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-BI
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 62 |
62 |
60 |
3 |
11 |
7 |
1 |
96.0 |
+-------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +----- Ambleminae **
+--+
| +-- Gonideinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Bolotov et al., 2024 [Publ 4369], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 62 |
62 |
60 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
105.0 |
-- (Parreysiinae
Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4252], fig. S1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 61 |
61 |
49 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
103.0 |
+-- Gonideinae **
--+
+-- Parreysiinae **
Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4252], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 61 |
61 |
55 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
103.0 |
+-- Gonideinae **
--+
+-- Parreysiinae **
Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4239], fig. S2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 58 |
58 |
54 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
100.0 |
+-- Gonideinae **
--+
+-- Parreysiinae **
Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4239], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 58 |
58 |
54 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
100.0 |
+-- Gonideinae **
--+
+-- Parreysiinae **
Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4239], fig. S1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 58 |
58 |
52 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
100.0 |
+-- Gonideinae **
--+
+-- Parreysiinae **
Jeratthitikul et al., 2024 [Publ 4387], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 58 |
58 |
59 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
99.0 |
-- (Gonideinae
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 4
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 57 |
57 |
55 |
3 |
11 |
7 |
1 |
91.0 |
+-------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +----- Ambleminae **
+--+
| +-- Gonideinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Zanatta & Murphy, 2006 [Publ 2672], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 56 |
57 |
48 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
86.0 |
+-- Unioninae **
|
--+-- Margaritiferidae
|
+-- Ambleminae **
Zanatta & Murphy, 2006 [Publ 2672], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 55 |
55 |
50 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
84.0 |
+----- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +-- Unioninae **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae **
Konopleva et al., 2023 [Publ 4269], fig. S1_4
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 55 |
55 |
53 |
4 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
91.0 |
+----------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +-------- Parreysiinae **
+--+
| +----- Unioninae **
+--+
| +-- Ambleminae **
+--+
+-- Gonideinae **
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 6
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 52 |
52 |
50 |
4 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
91.0 |
+----------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +-------- Ambleminae **
+--+
| +----- Gonideinae **
+--+
| +-- Parreysiinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4379], fig. 5
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 51 |
51 |
50 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
92.0 |
+-- Margaritiferidae
--+
+-- Unioninae **
Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 3836], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 51 |
51 |
43 |
3 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
85.0 |
+----------- Margaritiferidae
|
| +-------- Quadrulini **
--+ |
| +-------- Pleurobemini **
| |
| | +-- Amblemini **
+--+-----+
| +-- Lampsilini **
|
| +-- Lamprotulini **
| +--+
| | +-- Gonideini **
+--+
| +-- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 5
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 51 |
51 |
49 |
3 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
87.0 |
+-------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +----- Ambleminae **
+--+
| +-- Unioninae **
+--+
+-- Gonideinae **
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4358], fig. 4
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 50 |
50 |
48 |
3 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
86.0 |
+-------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +----- Ambleminae **
+--+
| +-- Gonideinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 4-5
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 50 |
50 |
48 |
4 |
7 |
2 |
1 |
88.0 |
+----------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +-------- Ambleminae **
+--+
| +----- Gonideinae **
+--+
| +-- Unioninae **
+--+
+-- Parreysiinae **
Konopleva et al., 2019 [Publ 3900], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 50 |
50 |
39 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
90.0 |
+----------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +-------- Pseudodontini **
+--+
| +----- Parreysiinae **
+--+
| +-- Rectidentini **
+--+
+-- Contradentini **
Jeratthitikul et al., 2025 [Publ 4423], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 50 |
50 |
49 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
90.0 |
-- (Gonideinae
Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 6
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 50 |
50 |
47 |
4 |
7 |
2 |
1 |
85.0 |
+----- Ambleminae **
|
--+----- Gonideinae **
|
| +-- Unioninae **
+--+
+-- Parreysiinae **
Fukata & Iigo, 2020 [Publ 4106], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 50 |
50 |
48 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
1 |
85.0 |
+-------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +----- Unioninae **
+--+
| +-- Ambleminae **
+--+
+-- Gonideinae **
Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4250], fig. 8
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 47 |
49 |
42 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
94.0 |
+----- Parreysiinae **
+--+
| | +-- Pseudodontini **
| +--+
| +-- Contradentini **
|
--+ +-- Gibbosulinae
| |
| +-- Margaritiferinae
| |
| +-- Sinosolenaia **
| |
+-----+-- Leguminaia **
|
+-- Gonidea **
|
+-- Lamprotula **
|
+-- Potomida **
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 46 |
46 |
44 |
3 |
10 |
6 |
1 |
80.0 |
+-------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +----- Unioninae **
+--+
| +-- Gonideinae **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae **
Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4441], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 46 |
46 |
44 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
86.0 |
+----- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +-- Unioninae **
+--+
+-- Gonideinae **
Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 4
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 45 |
45 |
48 |
4 |
23 |
12 |
1 |
83.0 |
+----------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +-------- Parreysiinae **
+--+
| +----- Unioninae **
+--+
| +-- Ambleminae **
+--+
+-- Gonideinae **
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4389], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 45 |
45 |
43 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
85.0 |
+----- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +-- Unioninae **
+--+
+-- Gonideinae **
Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 45 |
45 |
48 |
4 |
23 |
12 |
1 |
83.0 |
+----------------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +-------------- Parreysiinae **
+--+
| +----------- Unioninae **
+--+
| +-------- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +----- Ambleminae **
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 45 |
45 |
47 |
4 |
23 |
12 |
1 |
82.0 |
+----------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +-------- Parreysiinae **
+--+
| +----- Unioninae **
+--+
| +-- Ambleminae **
+--+
+-- Gonideinae **
Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-F_5
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 45 |
45 |
43 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
1 |
82.0 |
+-------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +----- Ambleminae **
+--+
| +-- Gonideinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Zieritz et al., 2024 [Publ 4381], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 44 |
44 |
42 |
4 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
82.0 |
+-------------------- Margaritiferidae
|
| +----------------- Ambleminae **
--+ |
| | +-------- Parreysiinae **
| | +-----+
+--+ | | +----- Unioninae **
| | +--+
| | | +-- Chamberlainiini **
| | +--+
| | +-- Discomya **
+--+
| +----- Ctenodesmini **
| +-----+
| | | +-- Rectidentini **
| | +--+
| | +-- Contradentini **
+--+
| +-- Schepmaniini **
| +-----+
| | +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
| +----- Caudiculatus **
+--+
| +-- Potomida **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3308], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 43 |
43 |
42 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
79.0 |
-- (Ambleminae
Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 43 |
43 |
36 |
4 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
78.0 |
+-------- Margaritiferidae
|
--+ +-- Gonideinae **
| +--+
| | +-- Ambleminae **
+--+
| +-- Parreysiinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 43 |
43 |
36 |
4 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
80.0 |
+-------------------------- Margaritiferidae
|
--+ +----------------------- Gonideinae **
| |
+--+ +-------------------- Ambleminae **
| |
| | +----------------- Parreysiinae **
+--+ |
| | +-- Anemina **
| +--------------+
| | +-- Amuranodonta **
+--+
| +----- Pletholophus **
| +--------+
| | | +-- Sinanodonta **
| | +--+
| | +-- Beringiana **
+--+
| +----------- Cristaria **
| |
| | +-- Alasmidontina **
+--+--------+
| +-- Anodontina **
|
| +-------- Lanceolariini **
+--+
| +----- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 43 |
43 |
51 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
93.0 |
+----- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +-- Gonideinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 3-ML
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 43 |
43 |
41 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
81.0 |
+-- Margaritiferidae
--+
+-- Gonideinae **
Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 3-BI
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 43 |
43 |
39 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
81.0 |
+-- Margaritiferidae
--+
+-- Gonideinae **
Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3308], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 42 |
42 |
36 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
77.0 |
-- (Ambleminae
Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3308], fig. 4
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 42 |
42 |
40 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
77.0 |
-- (Ambleminae
Inoue et al., 2020 [Publ 3941], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 42 |
42 |
42 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
74.0 |
+-- Unioninae **
--+
+-- Ambleminae **
Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3308], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 42 |
42 |
41 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
79.0 |
-- (Ambleminae
Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 41 |
41 |
39 |
3 |
8 |
4 |
1 |
80.0 |
+-------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +----- Ambleminae **
+--+
| +-- Gonideinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 6
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 41 |
41 |
39 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
1 |
77.0 |
+-------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +----- Ambleminae **
+--+
| +-- Gonideinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 41 |
41 |
40 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
83.0 |
+-------- Margaritiferidae
|
--+ +-- Lamprotulini **
| +--+
| | +-- Gonideini **
+--+
| +-- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 41 |
41 |
39 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
1 |
77.0 |
+-------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +----- Ambleminae **
+--+
| +-- Gonideinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Burlakova et al., 2012 [Publ 3486], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 41 |
41 |
42 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
81.0 |
-- (Ambleminae
Whelan et al., 2023 [Publ 4287], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 41 |
41 |
42 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
83.0 |
-- (Anodontini
Bolotov et al., 2023 [Publ 4312], fig. S2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 41 |
41 |
39 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
82.0 |
-- (Pseudodontini
Smith et al., 2019 [Publ 3951], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 41 |
41 |
40 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
77.0 |
-- (Ambleminae
Inoue et al., 2020 [Publ 3941], fig. 4
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 41 |
41 |
41 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
73.0 |
+-- Unioninae **
--+
+-- Ambleminae **
Wu et al., 2019 [Publ 3864], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 40 |
40 |
38 |
3 |
6 |
4 |
1 |
79.0 |
+----- Ambleminae **
--+
| +-- Gonideinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 6
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 40 |
40 |
39 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
79.0 |
+----- Ambleminae **
--+
| +-- Gonideinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Bolotov et al., 2023 [Publ 4312], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 39 |
39 |
38 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
81.0 |
-- (Pseudodontini
Bolotov et al., 2023 [Publ 4312], fig. S1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 39 |
39 |
37 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
80.0 |
-- (Pseudodontini
Pfeiffer et al., 2016 [Publ 3660], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 38 |
38 |
34 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
73.0 |
+-- Unioninae **
--+
+-- Ambleminae **
Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 38 |
38 |
34 |
4 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
73.0 |
+-------- Margaritiferidae
|
--+ +-- Gonideinae **
| +--+
| | +-- Ambleminae **
+--+
| +-- Parreysiinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 38 |
38 |
29 |
4 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
73.0 |
+-------- Margaritiferidae
|
--+ +-- Gonideinae **
| +--+
| | +-- Ambleminae **
+--+
| +-- Parreysiinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 2d
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 38 |
38 |
36 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
79.0 |
-- (Unioninae
Boyer et al., 2011 [Publ 2718], fig. 4
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 38 |
38 |
33 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
64.0 |
+-- Unioninae **
--+
+-- Ambleminae **
Aunins et al., 2018 [Publ 3863], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 37 |
37 |
35 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
1 |
75.0 |
+-------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +----- Ambleminae **
+--+
| +-- Gonideinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Jeratthitikul et al., 2021 [Publ 4219], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 36 |
36 |
34 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
75.0 |
-- (Gonideinae
Ortiz-Sepulveda et al., 2020 [Publ 4101], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 36 |
36 |
22 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
79.0 |
-- (Parreysiinae
Jeratthitikul et al., 2021 [Publ 4219], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 36 |
36 |
33 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
75.0 |
-- (Gonideinae
Burlakova et al., 2012 [Publ 3486], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 36 |
36 |
26 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
75.0 |
-- (Ambleminae
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 5
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 36 |
36 |
34 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
75.0 |
+-- Margaritiferidae
--+
+-- Gonideinae **
Ortiz-Sepulveda et al., 2020 [Publ 4101], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 36 |
36 |
20 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
79.0 |
-- (Parreysiinae
Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. S5
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 36 |
36 |
34 |
4 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
74.0 |
+-------- Margaritiferidae
|
--+ +-- Parreysiinae **
| +--+
| | +-- Unioninae **
+--+
| +-- Ambleminae **
+--+
+-- Gonideinae **
Perkins et al., 2017 [Publ 3777], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 36 |
36 |
34 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
76.0 |
-- (Ambleminae
Cha et al., 2018 [Publ 3916], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 35 |
35 |
33 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
1 |
74.0 |
+-------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +----- Ambleminae **
+--+
| +-- Gonideinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 5a
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 35 |
35 |
33 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
74.0 |
+-- Margaritiferidae
--+
+-- Gonideinae **
Burlakova et al., 2012 [Publ 3486], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 35 |
35 |
30 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
76.0 |
-- (Pleurobemini
Liu et al., 2024 [Publ 4380], fig. 5
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 35 |
35 |
33 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
72.0 |
+-- Margaritiferidae
--+
+-- Gonideinae **
Boyer et al., 2011 [Publ 2718], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 35 |
35 |
26 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
58.0 |
+-- Unioninae **
--+
+-- Ambleminae **
Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3866], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 35 |
35 |
34 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
61.0 |
+-- Gonideinae **
--+
+-- Ambleminae **
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 6-7
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 35 |
35 |
33 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
74.0 |
+-- Margaritiferidae
--+
+-- Gonideinae **
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 5b
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 35 |
35 |
33 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
72.0 |
+-- Margaritiferidae
--+
+-- Gonideinae **
Wu et al., 2025 [Publ 4442], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 35 |
35 |
33 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
78.0 |
-- (Unioninae
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 5c
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 35 |
35 |
23 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
72.0 |
+-- Margaritiferidae
--+
+-- Gonideinae **
Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. 4
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 34 |
34 |
32 |
4 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
72.0 |
+----------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +-------- Ambleminae **
+--+
| +----- Gonideinae **
+--+
| +-- Parreysiinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Konopleva et al., 2019 [Publ 4041], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 34 |
34 |
21 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
76.0 |
-- (Gonideinae
Chen et al., 2020 [Publ 4170], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 33 |
34 |
32 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
76.0 |
+----- Prolasmidonta **
+--+
| | +-- Alasmidonta **
| +--+
+-----------------+ +-- Anemina **
| |
| | +----- Pseudodontini **
| +--+
| | +-- Lamprotula_caveata **
| +--+
| +-- Chamberlainia **
|
| +----- Schistodesmus **
| +-----+
| | | +-- Lepidodesmini **
--+ | +--+
| | +-- Aculamprotula **
| +-----------+
| | | +----- Platynaias **
| | | +--+
| | | | | +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **
| | | | +--+
| | +--+ +-- Pyganodon **
| | |
| | | +----- Sinanodonta **
| | +--+
| | | +-- Cristaria **
+--+ +--+
| +-- Anodontina **
|
| +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
| +-----+
| | +-- Potamilus_alatus **
| +-----------+
| | | +----- Lamprotula_leaii **
| | +--+
| | | +-- Sinohyriopsis **
+--+ +--+
| +-- Gonideini **
|
| +----------------- Margaritiferidae
+--+
| +-------------- Quadrulini **
+--+
| +----------- Toxolasma **
+--+
| +-------- Lampsilis_ornata **
+--+
| +----- Potamilus_leptodon **
+--+
| +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea **
+--+
+-- Lampsilis_powellii **
Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3847], fig. 4
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 33 |
34 |
33 |
2 |
5 |
4 |
1 |
72.0 |
+-------------- Margaritiferidae
|
--+ +----------- Unioninae **
| |
+--+ +-------- Lampsilini **
| |
+--+ +-- Hyriidae
| +--+
| | +-- Amblemini **
+--+
| +-- Pleurobemini **
+--+
+-- Quadrulini **
Burlakova et al., 2019 [Publ 3899], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 33 |
33 |
21 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
72.0 |
-- (Ambleminae
Breton et al., 2011 [Publ 3376], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 32 |
32 |
31 |
3 |
5 |
4 |
1 |
67.0 |
+----------------- Margaritiferidae
|
--+ +-------------- Quadrulina **
| |
| | +----- Lamprotulini **
+--+ +-----+
| | | +-- Chamberlainiini **
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Unioninae **
|
| +-------- Megalonaias **
+--+
| +----- Pleurobemini **
+--+
| +-- Amblemini **
+--+
+-- Lampsilini **
Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 32 |
32 |
14 |
3 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
71.0 |
+-------- Cumberlandia
|
+-------- Margaritifera
--+
| +----- Unioninae **
| |
| | +-- Ptychorhynchus **
+--+ |
| +-- Chamberlainiini **
| |
+--+-- Lamprotulini **
|
+-- Sinosolenaia **
|
+-- Ambleminae **
Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 6
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 32 |
32 |
30 |
3 |
10 |
6 |
1 |
69.0 |
+-------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +----- Unioninae **
+--+
| +-- Ambleminae **
+--+
+-- Gonideinae **
Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 32 |
32 |
30 |
3 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
71.0 |
+----------------- Cumberlandia
|
--+----------------- Margaritifera
|
| +-------------- Unioninae **
+--+
| +----------- Sinosolenaia **
+--+
| +-------- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +----- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +-- Ptychorhynchus **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae **
Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4084], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 32 |
36 |
22 |
3 |
4 |
4 |
1 |
69.0 |
+----- Margaritiferidae
|
--+----- Ambleminae **
|
| +-- Gonideinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Zieritz et al., 2020 [Publ 4102], fig. 4
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 31 |
31 |
27 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
73.0 |
-- (Gonideinae
Wang et al., 2018 [Publ 3865], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 31 |
31 |
29 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
68.0 |
+----- Unioninae **
--+
| +-- Ambleminae **
+--+
+-- Gonideinae **
Wang et al., 2018 [Publ 3846], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 31 |
31 |
29 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
68.0 |
+----- Unioninae **
--+
| +-- Ambleminae **
+--+
+-- Gonideinae **
Lyubas et al., 2022 [Publ 4255], fig. 7
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 31 |
31 |
28 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
69.0 |
+----- Parreysiinae **
--+
| +-- Gonideinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Lyubas et al., 2022 [Publ 4255], fig. S1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 31 |
31 |
22 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
69.0 |
+----- Parreysiinae **
--+
| +-- Gonideinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Krebs et al., 2003 [Publ 2691], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 31 |
31 |
27 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
66.0 |
+----- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +-- Unioninae **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae **
Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4218], fig. 5
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 30 |
30 |
28 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
68.0 |
+----- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +-- Ambleminae **
+--+
+-- Gonideinae **
Burdick & White, 2007 [Publ 2679], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 30 |
30 |
31 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
70.0 |
-- (Ambleminae
Pfeiffer & Graf, 2015 [Publ 3620], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 30 |
30 |
28 |
4 |
10 |
2 |
1 |
61.0 |
+----------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +-------- Parreysiinae **
+--+
| +----- Unioninae **
+--+
| +-- Ambleminae **
+--+
+-- Gonideinae **
Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 30 |
30 |
13 |
2 |
4 |
3 |
1 |
75.0 |
+----- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +-- Gonideinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Serb et al., 2003 [Publ 2659], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 29 |
29 |
27 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
68.0 |
-- (Ambleminae
Sano et al., 2017 [Publ 3799], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 29 |
29 |
30 |
2 |
4 |
2 |
1 |
72.0 |
+----- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +-- Gonideinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Serb et al., 2003 [Publ 2659], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 29 |
29 |
20 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
66.0 |
-- (Ambleminae
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4385], fig. 3-ML
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 29 |
29 |
27 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
72.0 |
+----- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +-- Parreysiinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3792], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 29 |
29 |
27 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
1 |
68.0 |
+-------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +----- Ambleminae **
+--+
| +-- Gonideinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4385], fig. 3-BI
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 29 |
29 |
26 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
72.0 |
+----- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +-- Parreysiinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Fonseca et al., 2016 [Publ 3775], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 29 |
29 |
27 |
3 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
68.0 |
+-------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +----- Ambleminae **
+--+
| +-- Gonideinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Pfeiffer et al., 2021 [Publ 4126], fig. 9
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 29 |
29 |
27 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
72.0 |
-- (Gonideinae
Pfeiffer & Graf, 2013 [Publ 3531], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 29 |
29 |
28 |
4 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
61.0 |
+-------- Parreysiinae **
--+
| +----- Unioninae **
+--+
| +-- Ambleminae **
+--+
+-- Gonideinae **
Bogan et al., 2023 [Publ 4295], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 29 |
29 |
26 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
72.0 |
+-- Margaritiferidae
--+
+-- Unioninae **
Smith et al., 2020 [Publ 4129], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 28 |
28 |
26 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
69.0 |
-- (Ambleminae
Whelan et al., 2023 [Publ 4287], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 28 |
28 |
27 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
69.0 |
-- (Anodontini
Xiang et al., 2025 [Publ 4433], fig. 6
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 28 |
28 |
26 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
71.0 |
+-- Parreysiinae **
--+
+-- Unioninae **
Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4147], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 28 |
28 |
27 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
67.0 |
+-------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +----- Ambleminae **
+--+
| +-- Gonideinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Smith et al., 2020 [Publ 4129], fig. 2-3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 28 |
28 |
26 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
69.0 |
-- (Ambleminae
Hou et al., 2025 [Publ 4401], fig. 4
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 28 |
28 |
26 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
72.0 |
-- (Unioninae
Hou et al., 2025 [Publ 4432], fig. 4
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 28 |
28 |
26 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
72.0 |
-- (Unioninae
Konopleva et al., 2021 [Publ 4213], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 27 |
27 |
22 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
67.0 |
-- (Gonideinae
Pfeiffer et al., 2018 [Publ 3827], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 27 |
27 |
25 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
70.0 |
+-- Margaritiferidae
--+
+-- Parreysiinae **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2019 [Publ 3901], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 27 |
27 |
25 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
63.0 |
+----- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +-- Unioninae **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae **
Neemuchwala et al., 2023 [Publ 4292], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 27 |
27 |
25 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
63.0 |
+-- Gonideinae **
--+
+-- Ambleminae **
Whelan et al., 2023 [Publ 4287], fig. 4
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 27 |
27 |
25 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
67.0 |
-- (Anodontini
Lopes-Lima et al., 2019 [Publ 3901], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 26 |
26 |
23 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
64.0 |
+----- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +-- Unioninae **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae **
Zhang et al., 2024 [Publ 4397], fig. 5
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 26 |
26 |
24 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
66.0 |
+-- Margaritiferidae
--+
+-- Gonideinae **
Inoue et al., 2020 [Publ 4128], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 26 |
26 |
17 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
56.0 |
-- (Ambleminae
Campbell et al., 2008 [Publ 2675], fig. 6
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 26 |
26 |
23 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
66.0 |
-- (Ambleminae
Campbell et al., 2008 [Publ 2675], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 26 |
26 |
18 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
66.0 |
-- (Ambleminae
Jadhav & Jamkhedkar, 2009 [Publ 3697], fig. 11
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 25 |
25 |
23 |
4 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
49.0 |
+-------------------------------- Parreysiinae **
|
--+ +----------------------------- Unioninae **
| |
+--+ +-------------------------- Lamprotulini **
| |
+--+ +----------------------- Quadrulini **
| |
+--+ +-------------------- Gonideini **
| |
| | +----- Eurynia **
+--+ +-----------+
| | | +-- Cambarunio **
| | +--+
| | +-- Ptychobranchus **
+--+
| +-- Amblemini **
| +-----------+
| | +-- Pleurobema **
+--+
| +----------- Truncilla **
| |
+--+ +-- Lampsilis **
| +-----+
| | +-- Epioblasma **
+--+
| +----- Ligumia **
+--+
| +-- Obliquaria **
+--+
+-- Ortmanniana **
Campbell et al., 2008 [Publ 2675], fig. 5
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 25 |
25 |
6 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
65.0 |
-- (Ambleminae
Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2648], fig. 2A
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 25 |
25 |
19 |
2 |
5 |
2 |
1 |
46.0 |
+-------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +----- Unionini **
+--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2021 [Publ 4217], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 25 |
25 |
23 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
66.0 |
+-- Gonideinae **
--+
+-- Unioninae **
Inoue et al., 2020 [Publ 4128], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 25 |
25 |
27 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
59.0 |
-- (Ambleminae
Campbell et al., 2008 [Publ 2675], fig. 4
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 25 |
25 |
9 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
65.0 |
-- (Ambleminae
Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2648], fig. 2B
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 25 |
25 |
23 |
2 |
5 |
2 |
1 |
48.0 |
+-------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +----- Unionini **
+--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae **
Graf & Cummings, 2006 [Publ 1968], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 25 |
25 |
19 |
4 |
22 |
2 |
1 |
34.0 |
+----------- Margaritiferidae
|
--+ +-------- Pseudodontini **
| |
+--+ +----- Parreysiinae **
| |
| +----- Contradentini **
+--+
+----- Unioninae **
|
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae **
Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 25 |
26 |
24 |
4 |
22 |
2 |
1 |
33.0 |
+-------------------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +----------------- Parreysiinae **
+--+
| +-------------- Etheriidae
+--+
| +----------- Unioninae **
+--+
| +-------- Contradentini **
+--+
| +----- Ambleminae **
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Pseudodontini **
Lydeard et al., 1996 [Publ 2656], fig. 4
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 24 |
24 |
22 |
2 |
4 |
3 |
1 |
62.0 |
+----- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +-- Unioninae **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2019 [Publ 3901], fig. 4
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 24 |
24 |
22 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
60.0 |
+----- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +-- Unioninae **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae **
Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-MP
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 24 |
24 |
21 |
4 |
12 |
2 |
1 |
50.0 |
+----------------- Parreysiinae **
--+
| +-------------- Contradentini **
+--+
| +----------- Pseudodontini **
+--+
| +-------- Unioninae **
+--+
| +----- Gonideini **
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae **
Liu et al., 2023 [Publ 4310], fig. 4
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 24 |
24 |
22 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
61.0 |
+-- Gonideinae **
--+
+-- Unioninae **
Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-ML
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 24 |
24 |
23 |
4 |
12 |
2 |
1 |
51.0 |
+-------------- Parreysiinae **
|
--+ +-- Pseudodontini **
| +--------+
| | +-- Contradentini **
+--+
| +-------- Unioninae **
+--+
| +----- Gonideini **
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae **
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4215], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 24 |
24 |
22 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
65.0 |
+----- Parreysiinae **
--+
| +-- Unioninae **
+--+
+-- Gonideinae **
Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 4
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 24 |
27 |
24 |
4 |
22 |
2 |
1 |
28.0 |
+-------------------- Parreysiinae **
--+
| +----------------- Etheriidae
+--+
| +-------------- Margaritiferidae
+--+
| +----------- Pseudodontini **
+--+
| +-------- Contradentini **
+--+
| +----- Unioninae **
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae **
Liu et al., 2023 [Publ 4310], fig. 5
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 24 |
24 |
17 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
61.0 |
+-- Gonideinae **
--+
+-- Unioninae **
Perkins et al., 2017 [Publ 3777], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 24 |
24 |
10 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
62.0 |
-- (Ambleminae
Lydeard et al., 1996 [Publ 2656], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 24 |
24 |
20 |
2 |
3 |
3 |
1 |
62.0 |
+----- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +-- Unioninae **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae **
Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4296], fig. 4
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 23 |
23 |
21 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
60.0 |
+-- Gonideinae **
--+
+-- Unioninae **
Jeratthitikul et al., 2019 [Publ 3922], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 23 |
23 |
21 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
66.0 |
-- (Parreysiinae
Soroka & Burzynski, 2017 [Publ 3837], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 23 |
23 |
21 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
64.0 |
-- (Unioninae
Lopes-Lima et al., 2024 [Publ 4376], fig. 4-5_AHE
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 22 |
22 |
20 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
64.0 |
-- (Unioninae
Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 4143], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 22 |
22 |
20 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
59.0 |
+----- Unioninae **
--+
| +-- Ambleminae **
+--+
+-- Gonideinae **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2024 [Publ 4376], fig. 4-5_MtG
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 22 |
22 |
20 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
64.0 |
-- (Unioninae
Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-M_4
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 22 |
22 |
20 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
60.0 |
+-------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +----- Ambleminae **
+--+
| +-- Unioninae **
+--+
+-- Gonideinae **
Wu et al., 2016 [Publ 3711], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 21 |
21 |
19 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
58.0 |
+----- Unioninae **
--+
| +-- Ambleminae **
+--+
+-- Gonideinae **
Jeratthitikul et al., 2021 [Publ 4212], fig. 4
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 21 |
21 |
19 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
64.0 |
-- (Gonideinae
Chapman et al., 2008 [Publ 2667], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 21 |
21 |
19 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
56.0 |
+-- Gonideinae **
--+
+-- Ambleminae **
Chapman et al., 2008 [Publ 2744], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 21 |
21 |
19 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
56.0 |
+-- Gonideinae **
--+
+-- Ambleminae **
Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 21 |
21 |
19 |
3 |
20 |
7 |
1 |
61.0 |
+-------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +----- Ambleminae **
+--+
| +-- Gonideinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Konopleva et al., 2017 [Publ 3807], fig. 6
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 21 |
21 |
19 |
2 |
10 |
2 |
1 |
60.0 |
+----- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +-- Gonideinae **
+--+
+-- Parreysiinae **
Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 21 |
21 |
19 |
3 |
20 |
7 |
1 |
61.0 |
+-------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +----- Ambleminae **
+--+
| +-- Gonideinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Pieri et al., 2018 [Publ 3867], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 20 |
20 |
23 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
58.0 |
+-- Unioninae **
--+
+-- Ambleminae **
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3-M
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 20 |
20 |
18 |
3 |
3 |
2 |
1 |
60.0 |
+-------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +----- Ambleminae **
+--+
| +-- Gonideinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Smith et al., 2020 [Publ 4136], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 20 |
20 |
13 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
58.0 |
-- (Ambleminae
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4379], fig. 4_6
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 20 |
20 |
19 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
63.0 |
+----- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +-- Gonideinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Matos et al., 2024 [Publ 4383], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 19 |
19 |
17 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
59.0 |
+----- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +-- Ambleminae **
+--+
+-- Gonideinae **
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 5-ML
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 19 |
19 |
17 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
61.0 |
+----- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +-- Parreysiinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2b
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 19 |
19 |
17 |
3 |
6 |
2 |
1 |
58.0 |
+-------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +----- Ambleminae **
+--+
| +-- Gonideinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Matos et al., 2024 [Publ 4384], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 19 |
19 |
17 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
59.0 |
+----- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +-- Ambleminae **
+--+
+-- Gonideinae **
Inoue et al., 2014 [Publ 3635], fig. 3A
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 19 |
19 |
16 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
54.0 |
+----------- Margaritiferidae
|
--+ +-------- Amblemini **
| |
| +-------- Pleurobemini **
+--+
+-------- Lampsilini **
|
| +----- Quadrulini **
+--+
| +-- Gonideinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Zhou et al., 2016 [Publ 3710], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 19 |
20 |
18 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
58.0 |
+-------- Unioninae **
--+
| +----- Margaritiferidae
+--+
| +-- Ambleminae **
+--+
+-- Gonideinae **
Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2a
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 19 |
19 |
17 |
3 |
6 |
2 |
1 |
56.0 |
+-------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +----- Unioninae **
+--+
| +-- Ambleminae **
+--+
+-- Gonideinae **
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 5-BI
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 19 |
19 |
14 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
61.0 |
+----- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +-- Parreysiinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Zhou et al., 2007 [Publ 2658], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 18 |
19 |
17 |
2 |
3 |
3 |
1 |
64.0 |
+-------------------- Margaritiferinae
|
| +----------------- Anodontini **
--+ |
| | +----------- Chamberlainiini **
| | +--+
+--+ | | +-------- Lamprotula_leaii **
| | +--+
| | | +----- Lamprotula_caveata **
| | +--+
| | | +-- Gibbosulinae
+--+ +--+
| +-- Lamprotula_cornuumlunae **
|
| +----- Aculamprotula **
| +--+
| | | +-- Tchangsinaia **
| | +--+
+-----+ +-- Nodularia **
|
| +----- Schistodesmus **
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Acuticostini **
Burzynski & Soroka, 2018 [Publ 3862], fig. 5a
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 18 |
18 |
15 |
3 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
57.0 |
+-------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +----- Ambleminae **
+--+
| +-- Gonideinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Smith et al., 2018 [Publ 3790], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 18 |
18 |
17 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
60.0 |
-- (Anodontini
Bogan & Hoeh, 2000 [Publ 2650], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 18 |
21 |
14 |
4 |
16 |
2 |
1 |
47.0 |
+-------------- Parreysiinae **
|
--+ +----------- Etheriidae
| |
+--+ +-------- Anodontini **
| |
+--+ +----- Gonideinae **
| |
+--+----- Unionini **
|
| +-- Margaritiferidae
+--+
+-- Ambleminae **
Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 4
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 18 |
18 |
16 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
56.0 |
+-------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +----- Ambleminae **
+--+
| +-- Unioninae **
+--+
+-- Gonideinae **
Rosenberg et al., 1997 [Publ 2720], fig. 2B
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 18 |
18 |
1 |
3 |
4 |
3 |
1 |
55.0 |
+----- Anodontina **
|
| +-- Gonideinae **
| |
| +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
| |
| +-- Utterbackia **
| |
| +-- Pyganodon_cataracta **
--+ |
| +-- Lampsilis_straminea **
| |
| +-- Lampsilis_teres **
| |
| +-- Megalonaias **
| |
| +-- Obliquaria **
| |
+--+-- Theliderma **
|
+-- Quadrula **
|
+-- Uniomerus **
|
+-- Amblema **
|
+-- Elliptio **
|
+-- Fusconaia **
|
+-- Plectomerus **
|
+-- Aculamprotula **
|
+-- Unio **
Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 18 |
18 |
14 |
4 |
13 |
2 |
1 |
51.0 |
+-------------------------------- Margaritiferidae
|
--+ +----------------------------- Gonideinae **
| |
+--+ +-------------------------- Parreysiinae **
| |
+--+ +----------------------- Fusconaia **
| |
| +----------------------- Amblemini **
+--+
| +-------------------- Quadrulini **
| |
+--+ +----------------- Pleurobema **
| |
+--+ +-------------- Eurynia **
| |
| | +-- Cyrtonaias **
+--+-----------+
| +-- Unioninae **
|
| +----------- Ortmanniana **
+--+
| +-------- Glebula **
+--+
| +----- Potamilus **
+--+
| +-- Ligumia **
+--+
+-- Toxolasma **
Chong et al., 2008 [Publ 2668], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 18 |
18 |
10 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
60.0 |
-- (Unioninae
Bolotov et al., 2019 [Publ 3974], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 18 |
18 |
16 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
60.0 |
+-- Gonideinae **
--+
+-- Parreysiinae **
Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f4
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 18 |
20 |
17 |
4 |
13 |
2 |
1 |
43.0 |
+----------- Parreysiinae **
--+
| +-------- Margaritiferidae
+--+
| +----- Gonideinae **
+--+
| +-- Unioninae **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae **
Porto-Hannes et al., 2019 [Publ 3969], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 18 |
18 |
13 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
56.0 |
-- (Ambleminae
Porto-Hannes et al., 2019 [Publ 3969], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 18 |
18 |
16 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
57.0 |
-- (Ambleminae
Sano et al., 2022 [Publ 4311], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 18 |
18 |
16 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
62.0 |
-- (Cristariina
Rosenberg et al., 1997 [Publ 2720], fig. 2A
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 18 |
18 |
1 |
3 |
4 |
3 |
1 |
55.0 |
+----- Anodontina **
|
| +-- Gonideinae **
| |
| +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
| |
| +-- Utterbackia **
| |
| +-- Pyganodon_cataracta **
--+ |
| +-- Lampsilis_straminea **
| |
| +-- Lampsilis_teres **
| |
| +-- Megalonaias **
| |
| +-- Obliquaria **
| |
+--+-- Theliderma **
|
+-- Quadrula **
|
+-- Uniomerus **
|
+-- Amblema **
|
+-- Elliptio **
|
+-- Fusconaia **
|
+-- Plectomerus **
|
+-- Pleurobema **
|
+-- Unionini **
Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 3-M
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 18 |
18 |
16 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
56.0 |
+-------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +----- Ambleminae **
+--+
| +-- Unioninae **
+--+
+-- Gonideinae **
Zhou et al., 2007 [Publ 2658], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 18 |
18 |
16 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
58.0 |
+----------------- Sinanodonta **
|
--+ +-------------- Cristaria **
| |
+--+ +-- Gonideinae **
| +--------+
| | +-- Ambleminae **
+--+
| +-------- Aculamprotula **
+--+
| +----- Acuticostini **
+--+
| +-- Nodularia **
+--+
+-- Cuneopsis **
Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2653], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 18 |
20 |
17 |
4 |
13 |
2 |
1 |
43.0 |
+----------- Parreysiinae **
--+
| +-------- Margaritiferidae
+--+
| +----- Ambleminae **
+--+
| +-- Gonideinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 18 |
28 |
16 |
4 |
13 |
2 |
1 |
45.5 |
+-------------------- Margaritiferidae
|
| +----------------- Amblemini **
| |
| +----------------- Parreysiinae **
| |
| +----------------- Eurynia **
--+ |
| +----------------- Fusconaia **
| |
| +----------------- Gonideinae **
| |
| +----------------- Pleurobema **
| |
+--+----------------- Quadrulini **
|
| +----------- Ortmanniana **
+-----+
| | +-------- Glebula **
| +--+
| | +----- Potamilus **
| +--+
| | +-- Ligumia **
| +--+
| +-- Toxolasma **
|
| +-------------- Cyrtonaias **
+--+
| +----------- Unionini **
+--+
| +-------- Anodontini **
+--+
| +----- Hyriidae
+--+
| +-- Iridinidae
+--+
+-- Mycetopodidae
Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 18 |
18 |
16 |
4 |
13 |
2 |
1 |
43.0 |
+-------- Parreysiinae **
--+
| +----- Unioninae **
+--+
| +-- Gonideinae **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae **
Araujo et al., 2018 [Publ 3779], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 17 |
17 |
13 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
56.0 |
+-- Margaritiferidae
--+
+-- Unioninae **
Kim et al., 2021 [Publ 4197], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 17 |
17 |
15 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
59.0 |
+-- Gonideinae **
+--------------+
| +-- Lepidodesmini **
--+
| +-------------- Aculamprotula **
| |
+--+ +-- Acuticostini **
| +--------+
| | +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
| +-------- Unio **
+--+
| +----- Nodularia **
+--+
| +-- Schistodesmus **
+--+
+-- Cuneopsis **
Teiga-Teixeira et al., 2020 [Publ 4173], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 17 |
17 |
15 |
3 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
57.0 |
+-------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +----- Ambleminae **
+--+
| +-- Unioninae **
+--+
+-- Gonideinae **
Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1-M
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 17 |
17 |
15 |
3 |
5 |
3 |
1 |
57.0 |
+-------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +----- Ambleminae **
+--+
| +-- Gonideinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Plazzi et al., 2011 [Publ 3676], fig. 5
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 17 |
18 |
11 |
3 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
59.0 |
+----------- Cristariina **
|
| +-------- Lanceolariini **
| |
--+ +-------- Anodonta **
| |
| +-------- Unionini **
| |
+--+ +-- Alasmidontina **
+-----+
| +-- Pseudanodonta **
|
| +----- Ambleminae **
| |
+--+ +-- Hyriidae
| |
+--+-- Lamprotulini **
|
+-- Chamberlainiini **
Riccardi et al., 2020 [Publ 4089], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 17 |
17 |
15 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
59.0 |
+-- Margaritiferidae
--+
+-- Unioninae **
Sano et al., 2017 [Publ 3799], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 17 |
17 |
18 |
2 |
4 |
2 |
1 |
60.0 |
+----- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +-- Gonideinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 5
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 17 |
17 |
15 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
58.0 |
+----- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +-- Ambleminae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Wu et al., 2025 [Publ 4442], fig. 6
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 17 |
17 |
15 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
60.0 |
-- (Unioninae
Inoue et al., 2013 [Publ 3528], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 17 |
17 |
13 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
54.0 |
+-- Gonideinae **
|
--+-- Unioninae **
|
+-- Ambleminae **
Grobler et al., 2011 [Publ 3359], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 17 |
17 |
13 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
54.0 |
-- (Ambleminae
Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2-M
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 17 |
17 |
15 |
3 |
5 |
3 |
1 |
57.0 |
+-------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +----- Ambleminae **
+--+
| +-- Gonideinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 2e
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 17 |
17 |
15 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
59.0 |
-- (Unioninae
Zanatta et al., 2007 [Publ 2698], fig. 1B
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 16 |
16 |
13 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
57.0 |
-- (Anodontini
Zhou et al., 2017 [Publ 3788], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 16 |
16 |
14 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
57.0 |
+-------- Anodontini **
|
--+ +-- Lanceolariini **
| +--+
| | +-- Unionini **
+--+
| +-- Ambleminae **
+--+
+-- Gonideinae **
Prié & Puillandre, 2014 [Publ 3529], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 16 |
16 |
14 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
57.0 |
+-------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +----- Ambleminae **
+--+
| +-- Gonideinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Rosenberg et al., 1994 [Publ 2719], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 16 |
16 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
1 |
57.0 |
+----------- Cumberlandia
|
+----------- Margaritifera
|
| +-------- Gonideinae **
--+ |
| | +-- Elliptio **
| | |
| | +-- Fusconaia **
| | |
+--+ +--+-- Amblemini **
| | |
| | +-- Pleurobema **
| | |
| | +-- Unionini **
| |
| | +-- Pyganodon_cataracta **
+--+ |
| +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
| |
| +-- Utterbackia **
| |
| +-- Lampsilis_teres **
| |
| +-- Lampsilis_straminea **
+--+
+-- Megalonaias **
|
+-- Obliquaria **
|
+-- Theliderma **
|
+-- Quadrula **
|
+-- Uniomerus **
Zanatta et al., 2007 [Publ 2698], fig. 1A
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 16 |
16 |
10 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
57.0 |
-- (Anodontini
Smith, 2021 [Publ 4331], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 16 |
16 |
14 |
4 |
4 |
1 |
1 |
56.0 |
+----------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +-------- Ambleminae **
+--+
| +----- Gonideinae **
+--+
| +-- Parreysiinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Szumowski et al., 2012 [Publ 3569], fig. 4
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 16 |
16 |
12 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
52.0 |
-- (Ambleminae
Inoue et al., 2020 [Publ 3941], fig. 5
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 16 |
16 |
14 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
60.0 |
-- (Lampsilini
Johnson et al., 2018 [Publ 3844], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 16 |
16 |
14 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
56.0 |
-- (Ambleminae
Fukata & Iigo, 2019 [Publ 4108], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 16 |
16 |
14 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
59.0 |
-- (Unioninae
Porto-Hannes et al., 2021 [Publ 4227], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 15 |
15 |
12 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
52.0 |
-- (Ambleminae
Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4250], fig. S2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 15 |
15 |
13 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
59.0 |
-- (Parreysiinae
Hoeh, 1990 [Publ 2717], fig. 4
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 15 |
15 |
13 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
56.0 |
-- (Anodontini
Kongim et al., 2023 [Publ 4290], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 15 |
15 |
13 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
56.0 |
-- (Gonideinae
Hoeh, 1990 [Publ 2717], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 15 |
15 |
2 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
56.0 |
-- (Anodontini
Hoeh, 1990 [Publ 2717], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 15 |
15 |
13 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
56.0 |
-- (Anodontini
Liu et al., 2017 [Publ 3939], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 15 |
15 |
12 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
58.0 |
+-- Lanceolariini **
+-----+
| +-- Unionini **
--+
| +----- Acuticostini **
+--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Gonideinae **
Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4250], fig. S5
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 15 |
15 |
12 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
59.0 |
-- (Contradentini
Hou et al., 2024 [Publ 4400], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 15 |
15 |
13 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
58.0 |
+-- Gonideinae **
--+
+-- Unioninae **
Huang et al., 2013 [Publ 3629], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 15 |
15 |
13 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
52.0 |
+-------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +----- Unioninae **
+--+
| +-- Ambleminae **
+--+
+-- Gonideinae **
Xue et al., 2016 [Publ 3659], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 15 |
15 |
13 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
55.0 |
+----- Unioninae **
--+
| +-- Gonideinae **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae **
Mejia-Trujillo & Smith, 2022 [Publ 4274], fig. 2-F
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 15 |
15 |
13 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
57.0 |
-- (Ambleminae
Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 6-M
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 15 |
15 |
13 |
3 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
55.0 |
+-------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +----- Ambleminae **
+--+
| +-- Gonideinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Zhang et al., 2004 [Publ 2735], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 14 |
14 |
12 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
56.0 |
+-- Gonideinae **
--+
+-- Unioninae **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3734], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 14 |
14 |
10 |
2 |
3 |
2 |
1 |
55.0 |
+----- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +-- Gonideinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Wen et al., 2017 [Publ 3795], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 14 |
14 |
12 |
3 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
54.0 |
+-------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +----- Ambleminae **
+--+
| +-- Gonideinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2024 [Publ 4376], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 14 |
14 |
12 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
57.0 |
-- (Unio
Froufe et al., 2016 [Publ 3738], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 14 |
14 |
12 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
55.0 |
-- (Unionini
Szumowski et al., 2012 [Publ 3569], fig. 5
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 14 |
14 |
12 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
56.0 |
-- (Quadrulini
Reis et al., 2013 [Publ 3580], fig. 5
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 13 |
13 |
11 |
3 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
51.0 |
+-------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +----- Ambleminae **
+--+
| +-- Gonideinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 13 |
13 |
12 |
3 |
3 |
2 |
1 |
53.0 |
+-------------- Margaritifera_margaritifera__2
|
--+ +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera__1
| +--------+
| | +-- Margaritifera_falcata
+--+
| +-------- Unioninae **
| |
+--+ +-- Pleurobemini **
| +--+
| | +-- Gonideinae **
+--+
| +-- Lampsilini **
+--+
+-- Quadrulini **
Manendo et al., 2008 [Publ 2669], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 13 |
13 |
11 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
50.0 |
+-- Ambleminae **
--+
+-- Unioninae **
Burzynski et al., 2017 [Publ 3774], fig. 1-bottom
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 13 |
13 |
11 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
51.0 |
+----- Unioninae **
--+
| +-- Ambleminae **
+--+
+-- Gonideinae **
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 13 |
13 |
11 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
55.0 |
+-- Parreysiinae **
--+
+-- Unioninae **
Burzynski et al., 2017 [Publ 3774], fig. 1-top
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 13 |
13 |
11 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
51.0 |
+----- Unioninae **
--+
| +-- Ambleminae **
+--+
+-- Gonideinae **
Turner et al., 2000 [Publ 2722], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 13 |
13 |
11 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
54.0 |
+----------- Margaritiferidae
|
--+ +-- Quadrulini **
| +-----+
| | +-- Unioninae **
+--+
| +----- Lampsilini **
+--+
| +-- Amblemini **
+--+
+-- Pleurobemini **
Lydeard et al., 2000 [Publ 2654], fig. 2b
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 13 |
14 |
12 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
55.0 |
+-- Unioninae **
|
--+-- Margaritiferidae
|
+-- Ambleminae **
Douda et al., 2024 [Publ 4364], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 13 |
13 |
12 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
57.0 |
+-- Margaritiferidae
--+
+-- Unioninae **
Xiang et al., 2025 [Publ 4433], fig. 7
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 13 |
13 |
11 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
55.0 |
+-- Ambleminae **
--+
+-- Unioninae **
Lydeard et al., 2000 [Publ 2654], fig. 2a
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 13 |
14 |
11 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
55.0 |
+----- Unioninae **
|
+----- Margaritiferidae
|
--+----- Lampsilini **
|
+----- Amblemini **
|
| +-- Quadrulini **
+--+
+-- Pleurobemini **
Lydeard et al., 2000 [Publ 2654], fig. 2c
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 13 |
14 |
9 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
54.0 |
+----- Unioninae **
|
+----- Margaritiferidae
|
--+----- Quadrulini **
|
+----- Lampsilini **
|
| +-- Amblemini **
+--+
+-- Pleurobemini **
Araujo et al., 2017 [Publ 3801], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 13 |
13 |
11 |
4 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
51.0 |
+----------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +-------- Parreysiinae **
+--+
| +----- Ambleminae **
+--+
| +-- Unioninae **
+--+
+-- Gonideinae **
Lydeard et al., 2000 [Publ 2654], fig. 2d
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 13 |
14 |
12 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
54.0 |
+-- Unioninae **
|
--+-- Margaritiferidae
|
+-- Ambleminae **
Sayenko et al., 2021 [Publ 4189], fig. 6
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 13 |
13 |
11 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
56.0 |
-- (Unionini
Ouyang et al., 2011 [Publ 3408], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 13 |
13 |
10 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
55.0 |
+-- Gonideinae **
--+
+-- Unioninae **
Jeratthitikul & Sutcharit, 2023 [Publ 4289], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 13 |
13 |
11 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
54.0 |
-- (Pseudodontini
Liu et al., 2024 [Publ 4380], fig. 4
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 12 |
12 |
10 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
55.0 |
-- (Gonideinae
Graf, 2002 [Publ 2651], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 12 |
12 |
10 |
3 |
6 |
1 |
1 |
35.0 |
+-------------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +----------- Pseudodontini **
+--+
| +-------- Contradentini **
+--+
| +----- Unioninae **
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae **
Konopleva et al., 2020 [Publ 4072], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 12 |
12 |
9 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
56.0 |
-- (Parreysiinae
Choi et al., 2020 [Publ 4169], fig. 2a
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 12 |
12 |
11 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
55.0 |
-- (Unionini
Freeman et al., 2025 [Publ 4443], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 12 |
12 |
10 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
51.0 |
-- (Ambleminae
Feng et al., 2016 [Publ 3800], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 12 |
12 |
10 |
3 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
50.0 |
+-------------- Margaritiferidae
|
| +-- Anodontina **
--+ +--------+
| | +-- Utterbackia **
| |
+--+ +-- Gonideinae **
| +-----+
| | +-- Ambleminae **
+--+
| +----- Unionini **
+--+
| +-- Pyganodon **
+--+
+-- Cristariina **
Reis et al., 2013 [Publ 3580], fig. 4
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 12 |
12 |
10 |
3 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
52.0 |
+-------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +----- Ambleminae **
+--+
| +-- Gonideinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 12 |
12 |
10 |
3 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
47.0 |
+-------------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +----------- Pseudodontini **
+--+
| +-------- Gonidea **
+--+
| +----- Inversidens **
+--+
| +-- Unioninae **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae **
Bogan et al., 2023 [Publ 4295], fig. 6
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 12 |
12 |
9 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
56.0 |
+-- Margaritiferidae
--+
+-- Unioninae **
Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 12 |
13 |
11 |
3 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
52.0 |
+-------------- Unioninae **
|
--+ +----------- Lamprotulini **
| |
+--+ +-- Gonideini **
| +-----+
| | +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
| +----- Lampsilini **
+--+
| +-- Pleurobemini **
+--+
+-- Margaritiferidae
Smith et al., 2020 [Publ 4136], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 12 |
12 |
10 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
54.0 |
-- (Pleurobemini
Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 4
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 12 |
12 |
10 |
3 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
47.0 |
+-------------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +----------- Pseudodontini **
+--+
| +-------- Gonidea **
+--+
| +----- Inversidens **
+--+
| +-- Unioninae **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae **
Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 2a_S1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 12 |
12 |
10 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
56.0 |
-- (Unionini
Sano et al., 2022 [Publ 4311], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 12 |
12 |
12 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
56.0 |
-- (Cristariina
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4379], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 12 |
12 |
10 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
57.0 |
-- (Unionini
Froufe et al., 2015 [Publ 3664], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 12 |
12 |
10 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
53.0 |
+-- Gonideini **
+-----+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
--+
| +----- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +-- Ambleminae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 10
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 12 |
12 |
8 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
56.0 |
+-- Margaritiferidae
--+
+-- Unioninae **
Pfarrer et al., 2022 [Publ 4305], fig. 2-5
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 12 |
12 |
10 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
53.0 |
+-- Gonideinae **
--+
+-- Unioninae **
Mabuchi & Nishida, 2020 [Publ 4120], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 12 |
12 |
12 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
55.0 |
+-- Gonideinae **
--+
+-- Unioninae **
Froufe et al., 2017 [Publ 3802], fig. 6
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 12 |
12 |
9 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
56.0 |
-- (Anodontini
Zieritz et al., 2024 [Publ 4381], fig. 7A
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 12 |
12 |
10 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
55.0 |
-- (Contradentini
Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 11 |
11 |
9 |
4 |
23 |
12 |
1 |
55.0 |
+-------- Margaritiferidae
|
--+ +-- Ambleminae **
| +--+
| | +-- Parreysiinae **
+--+
| +-- Gonideinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Hou et al., 2025 [Publ 4432], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 11 |
11 |
9 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
55.0 |
-- (Unioninae
Curole & Kocher, 2005 [Publ 2682], fig. 1-M
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 11 |
11 |
9 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
49.0 |
+----- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +-- Unioninae **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae **
Pfeiffer et al., 2021 [Publ 4126], fig. 12
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 11 |
11 |
8 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
54.0 |
-- (Contradentini
Freeman et al., 2025 [Publ 4443], fig. 5
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 11 |
11 |
9 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
50.0 |
-- (Ambleminae
Roe, 2013 [Publ 3571], fig. 4
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 11 |
11 |
9 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
52.0 |
-- (Lampsilini
Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. S1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 11 |
11 |
9 |
4 |
23 |
12 |
1 |
55.0 |
+-------- Margaritiferidae
|
--+ +-- Ambleminae **
| +--+
| | +-- Parreysiinae **
+--+
| +-- Gonideinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4147], fig. 4
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 11 |
11 |
9 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
1 |
54.0 |
+-------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +----- Ambleminae **
+--+
| +-- Gonideinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Hou et al., 2025 [Publ 4401], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 11 |
11 |
9 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
55.0 |
-- (Nodularia
Porto-Hannes et al., 2021 [Publ 4227], fig. 4
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 11 |
11 |
6 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
49.0 |
-- (Ambleminae
Khalloufi et al., 2011 [Publ 2748], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 11 |
11 |
8 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
53.0 |
+----- Ambleminae **
--+
| +-- Gonideinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Pfeiffer et al., 2021 [Publ 4126], fig. 27
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 11 |
11 |
7 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
55.0 |
-- (Gonideinae
Morrison et al., 2021 [Publ 4362], fig. 5
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 11 |
11 |
9 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
52.0 |
-- (Pleurobemini
Freeman et al., 2025 [Publ 4443], fig. 4
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 11 |
12 |
8 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
50.0 |
+----- Amblemini **
+--+
| | +-- Pleurobemini **
| +--+
| +-- Quadrulini **
--+
| +----- Obliquaria **
| |
| +----- None
+--+
+----- Popenaiadini **
|
| +-- Glebula **
+--+
+-- Cyrtonaias **
Araujo et al., 2009 [Publ 2589], fig. 7B
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 10 |
10 |
9 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
50.0 |
+-------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +----- Gonideinae **
+--+
| +-- Ambleminae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Stodola et al., 2021 [Publ 4266], fig. 4
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 10 |
10 |
7 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
53.0 |
-- (Lampsilini
Freeman et al., 2025 [Publ 4443], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 10 |
10 |
6 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
54.0 |
-- (Ambleminae
Keogh & Simons, 2019 [Publ 3935], fig. S1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 10 |
10 |
8 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
52.0 |
-- (Ambleminae
Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 6
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 10 |
16 |
13 |
3 |
26 |
6 |
1 |
52.0 |
+-------- Unioninae **
--+
| +----- Margaritiferidae
+--+
| +-- Gonideinae **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae **
Morrison et al., 2021 [Publ 4362], fig. 4
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 10 |
10 |
8 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
52.0 |
-- (Pleurobemini
Lopes-Lima et al., 2021 [Publ 4217], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 10 |
10 |
8 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
53.0 |
-- (Unio
Curole & Kocher, 2005 [Publ 2682], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 10 |
11 |
9 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
52.0 |
+----- Ambleminae **
--+
| +-- Unioninae **
+--+
+-- Margaritiferidae
Roe & Lydeard, 1998 [Publ 2693], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 10 |
10 |
5 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
52.0 |
-- (Ambleminae
Sonowal et al., 2021 [Publ 4221], fig. 4
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 10 |
10 |
8 |
4 |
6 |
0 |
0 |
56.0 |
+-------------------------- Lamellidens_mainwaringi **
--+
| +----------------------- Lamprotula **
+--+
| +-------------------- Potomida **
+--+
| +----------------- Lampsilini **
+--+
| +-------------- Pleurobemini **
+--+
| +----------- Aculamprotula **
+--+
| +-------- Unio_pictorum **
+--+
| +----- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Unio_ravoisieri **
+--+
+-- Lamellidens_corrianus **
Roe et al., 2002 [Publ 2689], fig. 3a
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 10 |
10 |
8 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
51.0 |
-- (Lampsilini
Klishko et al., 2019 [Publ 3886], fig. 9
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 10 |
10 |
7 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
52.0 |
+-- Margaritiferidae
--+
+-- Unioninae **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 11
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 10 |
10 |
8 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
54.0 |
+-- Margaritiferidae
--+
+-- Unioninae **
Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 6-M
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 10 |
10 |
8 |
3 |
4 |
3 |
1 |
48.0 |
+-------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +----- Gonideinae **
+--+
| +-- Unioninae **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae **
Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 2-M
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 10 |
10 |
7 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
49.0 |
+----- Ambleminae **
--+
| +-- Gonideinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Araujo et al., 2009 [Publ 2589], fig. 7A
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 10 |
10 |
6 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
52.0 |
+-------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +----- Ambleminae **
+--+
| +-- Gonideinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Graf et al., 2014 [Publ 3591], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 10 |
11 |
13 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
52.0 |
+-- Margaritiferidae
|
--+-- Unioninae **
|
+-- Parreysiinae **
Burzynski & Soroka, 2018 [Publ 3862], fig. 5b
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 10 |
10 |
8 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
51.0 |
-- (Unioninae
Choi et al., 2020 [Publ 4169], fig. 5
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 10 |
10 |
8 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
53.0 |
+-- Parreysiinae **
--+
+-- Unioninae **
Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3A
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 9 |
9 |
7 |
3 |
3 |
2 |
1 |
48.0 |
+-------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +----- Unioninae **
+--+
| +-- Gonideinae **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae **
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 4
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 9 |
9 |
8 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
53.0 |
+-- Unioninae **
--+
+-- Gonideinae **
Araujo et al., 2009 [Publ 2589], fig. 7C
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 9 |
9 |
7 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
51.0 |
+-------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +----- Gonideinae **
+--+
| +-- Ambleminae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Fonseca et al., 2016 [Publ 3775], fig. 1-M
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 9 |
9 |
7 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
49.0 |
+----- Ambleminae **
--+
| +-- Gonideinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Sonowal et al., 2021 [Publ 4221], fig. 3a
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 9 |
15 |
7 |
4 |
6 |
0 |
0 |
55.0 |
+-------- Parreysiinae **
|
+-------- Gonideinae **
--+
| +-- Hyriidae
| +--+
| | +-- Trigoniidae
+--+
| +-- Pleurobemini **
| |
+--+-- Lampsilini **
|
+-- Unioninae **
Froufe et al., 2017 [Publ 3802], fig. 7
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 9 |
9 |
7 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
50.0 |
+----- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +-- Gonideinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Kandl et al., 2001 [Publ 3384], fig. 5
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 9 |
9 |
7 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
47.0 |
-- (Ambleminae
Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3792], fig. 2-M
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 9 |
9 |
7 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
49.0 |
+-------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +----- Ambleminae **
+--+
| +-- Gonideinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4250], fig. S4
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 9 |
9 |
6 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
53.0 |
-- (Lamellidentini
Sonowal et al., 2021 [Publ 4221], fig. 3b
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 9 |
9 |
0 |
4 |
6 |
0 |
0 |
51.0 |
+-- Aculamprotula **
|
+-- Lamprotula **
|
+-- Lampsilini **
|
+-- Potomida **
|
--+-- Unio_pictorum **
|
+-- Anodontini **
|
+-- Unio_ravoisieri **
|
+-- Parreysiinae **
|
+-- Pleurobemini **
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 3a
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 9 |
9 |
7 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
51.0 |
-- (Unioninae
Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3861], fig. 1-M
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 9 |
9 |
7 |
3 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
47.0 |
+----- Unioninae **
--+
| +-- Gonideinae **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae **
Kano et al., 2019 [Publ 4194], fig. 6
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 9 |
9 |
7 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
53.0 |
+----------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +-------- Anodontini **
+--+
| +----- Gonideinae **
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
King et al., 1999 [Publ 2699], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 9 |
9 |
7 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
50.0 |
-- (Alasmidontina
Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 6
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 9 |
9 |
7 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
53.0 |
+-- Margaritiferidae
--+
+-- Unioninae **
Nagel et al., 1998 [Publ 1946], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 9 |
9 |
7 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
50.0 |
+----- Gonideini **
--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 3b
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 9 |
9 |
5 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
51.0 |
-- (Unioninae
Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3861], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 9 |
9 |
7 |
3 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
49.0 |
+-------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +----- Ambleminae **
+--+
| +-- Gonideinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Muanta et al., 2019 [Publ 3921], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 9 |
9 |
8 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
54.0 |
-- (Rectidentini
Jeratthitikul et al., 2019 [Publ 3911], fig. 4
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 9 |
9 |
14 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
52.0 |
+-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
| +-- Parreysiinae **
--+
| +-- Rectidentini **
+--+
+-- Contradentini **
Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3B
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 9 |
9 |
7 |
3 |
3 |
2 |
1 |
50.0 |
+----------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +-------- Unioninae **
+--+
| +----- Lampsilini **
+--+
| +-- Quadrulini **
+--+
+-- Gonideinae **
Hewitt et al., 2019 [Publ 3962], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 9 |
9 |
10 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
49.0 |
+----- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +-- Unioninae **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae **
Pfeiffer et al., 2021 [Publ 4126], fig. 25
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 9 |
9 |
7 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
53.0 |
-- (Contradentini
Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2673], fig. 1-M
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 8 |
8 |
6 |
2 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
45.0 |
+-- Unioninae **
--+
+-- Ambleminae **
Vikhrev et al., 2017 [Publ 3810], fig. 4
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 8 |
8 |
6 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
52.0 |
+-- Margaritiferidae
--+
+-- Unioninae **
Zieritz et al., 2024 [Publ 4381], fig. 8A
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 8 |
8 |
6 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
51.0 |
-- (Pseudodontina
Pfeiffer et al., 2021 [Publ 4126], fig. 18
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 8 |
8 |
7 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
53.0 |
-- (Contradentini
Froufe et al., 2015 [Publ 3664], fig. 1-M
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 8 |
8 |
6 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
47.0 |
+----- Unioninae **
--+
| +-- Ambleminae **
+--+
+-- Gonideinae **
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 5b
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 8 |
8 |
5 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
50.0 |
-- (Unioninae
Tomilova et al., 2020 [Publ 4097], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 8 |
8 |
5 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
50.0 |
-- (Unioninae
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 5a
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 8 |
8 |
6 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
50.0 |
-- (Unioninae
Zhang et al., 2024 [Publ 4397], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 8 |
8 |
6 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
52.0 |
-- (Gonideinae
Bespalaya et al., 2018 [Publ 3811], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 8 |
8 |
7 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
53.0 |
+-- Margaritiferidae
--+
+-- Unioninae **
Sheng et al., 2014 [Publ 3704], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 8 |
8 |
6 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
47.0 |
+-------------- Cristariina **
--+
| +----------- Alasmidontina **
+--+
| +-------- Lampsilis **
+--+
| +----- Gonideinae **
+--+
| +-- Venustaconcha **
+--+
+-- Quadrulini **
Hewitt et al., 2018 [Publ 3758], fig. 5
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 8 |
8 |
5 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
45.0 |
+----- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +-- Ambleminae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Bauer et al., 2021 [Publ 4365], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 8 |
8 |
5 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
52.0 |
-- (Cristariina
Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2673], fig. 1-F
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 8 |
8 |
6 |
2 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
45.0 |
+-- Unioninae **
--+
+-- Ambleminae **
Kondakov et al., 2018 [Publ 3914], fig. 5
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 8 |
8 |
6 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
52.0 |
-- (Cristariina
Inoue et al., 2014 [Publ 3635], fig. 3B
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 8 |
8 |
3 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
49.0 |
+-- Ambleminae **
--+
+-- Unioninae **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 13
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 8 |
8 |
6 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
52.0 |
+-- Margaritiferidae
--+
+-- Unioninae **
Marrone et al., 2019 [Publ 3907], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 8 |
8 |
4 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
51.0 |
-- (Unio
Klishko et al., 2018 [Publ 3945], fig. 8
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 8 |
8 |
5 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
51.0 |
-- (Unionini
Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3847], fig. 5
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 8 |
8 |
6 |
3 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
51.0 |
+----- Gonideinae **
--+
| +-- Ambleminae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Serb, 2006 [Publ 2678], fig. 4
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 7 |
7 |
8 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
48.0 |
-- (Lampsilini
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 4
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 7 |
7 |
5 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
49.0 |
-- (Unioninae
Lopes-Lima et al., 2021 [Publ 4217], fig. 6
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 7 |
7 |
5 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
50.0 |
-- (Unio
Serb & Barnhart, 2008 [Publ 2674], fig. 4
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 7 |
7 |
9 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
48.0 |
-- (Lampsilini
Soroka & Burzynski, 2018 [Publ 3762], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 7 |
7 |
5 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
46.0 |
+-- Ambleminae **
--+
+-- Unioninae **
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 7 |
7 |
4 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
49.0 |
-- (Unioninae
Buhay et al., 2002 [Publ 2661], fig. 2B
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 7 |
7 |
5 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
49.0 |
-- (Lampsilini
Serb & Barnhart, 2008 [Publ 2674], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 7 |
7 |
10 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
48.0 |
-- (Lampsilini
Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 5
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 7 |
7 |
5 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
51.0 |
+-- Margaritiferidae
--+
+-- Unioninae **
Hoeh et al., 1995 [Publ 3391], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 7 |
7 |
4 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
50.0 |
-- (Alasmidontina
Smith et al., 2023 [Publ 4291], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 7 |
7 |
5 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
50.0 |
-- (Alasmidontina
Goncalves et al., 2022 [Publ 4253], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 7 |
7 |
6 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
51.0 |
-- (Gonideinae
Pfeiffer et al., 2018 [Publ 3827], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 7 |
7 |
3 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
50.0 |
-- (Gonideinae
Froufe et al., 2016 [Publ 3727], fig. 3_4
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 7 |
7 |
3 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
51.0 |
-- (Gonideinae
Zieritz et al., 2012 [Publ 3673], fig. 4
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 7 |
8 |
4 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
50.0 |
+----- Anodontina **
|
--+ +-- Cristariina **
| |
+--+-- Margaritiferidae
|
+-- Unionini **
Chen et al., 2012 [Publ 3624], fig. 4
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 7 |
7 |
5 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
48.0 |
+----- Ambleminae **
--+
| +-- Unioninae **
+--+
+-- Gonideinae **
Soroka & Burzynski, 2018 [Publ 3762], fig. 3-M
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 7 |
7 |
5 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
46.0 |
+-- Ambleminae **
--+
+-- Unioninae **
Jones & Neves, 2010 [Publ 2646], fig. 17
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 7 |
7 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
50.0 |
-- (Epioblasma
Pfeiffer et al., 2021 [Publ 4126], fig. 30
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 7 |
7 |
5 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
51.0 |
-- (Rectidentini
Buhay et al., 2002 [Publ 2661], fig. 2A
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 7 |
7 |
3 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
49.0 |
-- (Lampsilini
Serb, 2006 [Publ 2678], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 7 |
7 |
8 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
48.0 |
-- (Lampsilini
Jones & Neves, 2010 [Publ 2646], fig. 16
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 7 |
7 |
5 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
50.0 |
-- (Epioblasma
Serb, 2006 [Publ 2678], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 7 |
7 |
7 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
48.0 |
-- (Lampsilini
Choi et al., 2020 [Publ 4169], fig. 3a
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 6 |
6 |
5 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
49.0 |
-- (Unionini
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 8a
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 6 |
6 |
4 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
48.0 |
-- (Unioninae
Källersjö et al., 2005 [Publ 2684], fig. 1A
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 6 |
7 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
48.0 |
+-- Margaritiferidae
|
--+-- Anodontini **
|
+-- Unionini **
Huang et al., 2013 [Publ 3629], fig. 3-M
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 6 |
6 |
4 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
45.0 |
+----- Unioninae **
--+
| +-- Gonideinae **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 7
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 6 |
6 |
4 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
50.0 |
+-- Margaritiferidae
--+
+-- Unioninae **
Klishko et al., 2017 [Publ 3946], fig. 8
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 6 |
6 |
4 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
49.0 |
-- (Unionini
Wei et al., 2016 [Publ 3665], fig. 0
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 6 |
6 |
2 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
48.0 |
+----- Gonideinae **
|
--+ +-- Cristariina **
| |
| +-- Lampsilini **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
|
+-- Quadrulini **
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 3a-M
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 6 |
6 |
4 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
48.0 |
-- (Unioninae
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 8b
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 6 |
6 |
4 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
48.0 |
-- (Unioninae
Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2b-M
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 6 |
6 |
3 |
3 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
46.0 |
+----- Margaritiferidae
|
--+ +-- Gonideinae **
| |
+--+-- Unioninae **
|
+-- Ambleminae **
Riccardi et al., 2020 [Publ 4089], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 6 |
6 |
4 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
50.0 |
-- (Anodontini
Gomes-dos-Santos et al., 2019 [Publ 4042], fig. 8
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 6 |
6 |
4 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
50.0 |
-- (Anodontini
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 3b-M
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 6 |
6 |
4 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
48.0 |
-- (Unioninae
King et al., 1999 [Publ 2699], fig. 4
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 6 |
6 |
3 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
47.0 |
-- (Alasmidontina
Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 3_5
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 6 |
6 |
4 |
4 |
23 |
12 |
1 |
50.0 |
+----------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +-------- Gonideinae **
+--+
| +----- Unioninae **
+--+
| +-- Ambleminae **
+--+
+-- Parreysiinae **
Zieritz et al., 2016 [Publ 3804], fig. S2-1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 6 |
6 |
3 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
50.0 |
-- (Rectidentini
Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3B-M
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 6 |
6 |
4 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
49.0 |
+----------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +-------- Quadrulini **
+--+
| +----- Lampsilini **
+--+
| +-- Unioninae **
+--+
+-- Gonideinae **
Moyer & Díaz-Ferguson, 2012 [Publ 3375], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 6 |
6 |
5 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
48.0 |
+-- Unioninae **
--+
+-- Ambleminae **
Bolotov et al., 2016 [Publ 3732], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 6 |
6 |
5 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
51.0 |
+-- Margaritiferidae
--+
+-- Unioninae **
Kandl et al., 2001 [Publ 3384], fig. 4
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 6 |
6 |
4 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
48.0 |
-- (Ambleminae
Keogh & Simons, 2019 [Publ 3935], fig. 4
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 6 |
6 |
6 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
51.0 |
-- (Lampsilis
Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 16
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 6 |
6 |
5 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
50.0 |
+-- Margaritiferidae
--+
+-- Gonideinae **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 12
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 6 |
6 |
4 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
50.0 |
+-- Margaritiferidae
--+
+-- Unioninae **
Wen et al., 2017 [Publ 3795], fig. 3-M
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 6 |
6 |
4 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
46.0 |
+-- Unioninae **
--+
+-- Ambleminae **
Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2a-M
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 6 |
6 |
3 |
3 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
46.0 |
+----- Margaritiferidae
|
--+ +-- Gonideinae **
| |
+--+-- Unioninae **
|
+-- Ambleminae **
Bogan et al., 2023 [Publ 4295], fig. 4
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 6 |
6 |
4 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
50.0 |
+-- Margaritiferidae
--+
+-- Unioninae **
Mejia-Trujillo & Smith, 2022 [Publ 4274], fig. 2-M
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 6 |
6 |
4 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
48.0 |
-- (Ambleminae
Källersjö et al., 2005 [Publ 2684], fig. 1B-F
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 6 |
7 |
4 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
48.0 |
+-- Margaritiferidae
|
--+-- Anodontini **
|
+-- Unionini **
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4358], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 6 |
6 |
4 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
50.0 |
-- (Unionini
Graf, 2000 [Publ 2647], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 6 |
15 |
13 |
3 |
11 |
1 |
1 |
56.5 |
+-------------------- Margaritiferidae
|
| +-------- Unionini **
--+ +--------+
| | | +----- Pleurobemini **
| | +--+
| | | +-- Anodontini **
+--+ +--+
| +-- Lampsilini **
|
| +-------------- Parreysiini **
| |
+--+ +----------- Coelaturini **
| |
+--+ +-------- Hyriidae
| |
+--+ +----- Iridinidae
| |
+--+ +-- Anodontitinae
| |
+--+-- Mycetopodinae
|
+-- Etheriidae
Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3A-M
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 6 |
6 |
4 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
49.0 |
+----------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +-------- Quadrulini **
+--+
| +----- Gonideinae **
+--+
| +-- Lampsilini **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2021 [Publ 4217], fig. 14
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 5 |
5 |
4 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
48.0 |
-- (Gonideini
Krebs et al., 2013 [Publ 3515], fig. 2A
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 5 |
5 |
3 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
48.0 |
-- (Lampsilini
Bashê, 2022 [Publ 4265], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 5 |
5 |
4 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
49.0 |
+-- Margaritiferidae
--+
+-- Unioninae **
Bogatov et al., 2018 [Publ 3859], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 5 |
5 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
47.0 |
+-- Margaritiferidae
--+
+-- Unioninae **
Nagel et al., 1996 [Publ 3400], fig. 351
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 5 |
5 |
4 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
49.0 |
-- (Anodontini
Cyr et al., 2007 [Publ 2745], fig. 2C
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 5 |
5 |
4 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
48.0 |
-- (Anodontini
Jones et al., 2006 [Publ 2681], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 5 |
5 |
4 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
48.0 |
-- (Epioblasma
Krebs, 2004 [Publ 2692], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 5 |
5 |
3 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
43.0 |
+-------- Quadrulini **
--+
| +----- Unioninae **
+--+
| +-- Lampsilini **
+--+
+-- Pleurobemini **
Konopleva et al., 2017 [Publ 3807], fig. 5
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 5 |
5 |
3 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
49.0 |
-- (Lamellidentini
Cyr et al., 2007 [Publ 2745], fig. 2B
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 5 |
5 |
4 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
48.0 |
-- (Anodontini
Bogan et al., 2023 [Publ 4295], fig. 5
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 5 |
5 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
49.0 |
+-- Margaritiferidae
--+
+-- Unioninae **
Mabuchi et al., 2021 [Publ 4233], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 5 |
5 |
3 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
49.0 |
-- (Unionini
Zanatta & Harris, 2013 [Publ 3530], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 5 |
5 |
3 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
47.0 |
+-- Unioninae **
--+
+-- Ambleminae **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 8
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 5 |
5 |
3 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
49.0 |
+-- Margaritiferidae
--+
+-- Unioninae **
Nagel et al., 1998 [Publ 1946], fig. 9
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 5 |
5 |
3 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
46.5 |
+-------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +----- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Bogatov et al., 2018 [Publ 3859], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 5 |
5 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
47.0 |
+-- Margaritiferidae
--+
+-- Unioninae **
Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4250], fig. S3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 5 |
5 |
3 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
49.0 |
-- (Leoparreysia
Prie et al., 2012 [Publ 3487], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 5 |
5 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
48.0 |
+-- Margaritiferidae
--+
+-- Unioninae **
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 9a
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 5 |
5 |
3 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
49.0 |
-- (Cristariina
Soroka, 2005 [Publ 2726], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 5 |
5 |
3 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
45.0 |
+-- Gonideinae **
--+
+-- Unioninae **
Saxon et al., 2023 [Publ 4338], fig. 4
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 5 |
5 |
3 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
48.0 |
-- (Lampsilini
Lane et al., 2016 [Publ 3735], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 5 |
5 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
49.0 |
-- (Lampsilini
Mulvey et al., 1997 [Publ 3390], fig. 1_3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 5 |
5 |
3 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
46.0 |
+-- Unioninae **
--+
+-- Ambleminae **
Buhay et al., 2002 [Publ 2661], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 5 |
5 |
3 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
48.0 |
-- (Lampsilini
Cyr et al., 2007 [Publ 2745], fig. 2A
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 5 |
5 |
3 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
47.0 |
+-- Ambleminae **
--+
+-- Unioninae **
Nagel et al., 1998 [Publ 1946], fig. 7
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 5 |
5 |
4 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
49.0 |
-- (Anodontini
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 2-M
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 5 |
5 |
3 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
47.0 |
-- (Unioninae
Dyduch-Falniowska & Koziol, 1989 [Publ 3814], fig. 5_7
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 5 |
5 |
3 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
47.0 |
-- (Unioninae
Curole & Kocher, 2002 [Publ 2712], fig. 1b-M
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 4 |
4 |
2 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
47.0 |
+----- Lampsilini **
--+
| +-- Unioninae **
+--+
+-- Quadrulini **
Johnson et al., 2023 [Publ 4323], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 4 |
4 |
2 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
47.0 |
-- (Pleurobemini
Jiang et al., 2010 [Publ 3438], fig. 5
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 4 |
4 |
1 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
47.0 |
+-- Ambleminae **
|
--+-- Unioninae **
|
+-- Gonideinae **
Froufe et al., 2017 [Publ 3802], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 4 |
4 |
2 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
48.0 |
-- (Anodontini
Gangloff et al., 2013 [Publ 3551], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 4 |
4 |
2 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
47.0 |
-- (Lampsilini
Klishko et al., 2016 [Publ 3733], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 4 |
4 |
2 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
48.0 |
-- (Cristariina
Soroka, 2008 [Publ 3695], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 4 |
4 |
2 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
45.0 |
+-- Ambleminae **
--+
+-- Unioninae **
Burzynski & Soroka, 2018 [Publ 3862], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 4 |
4 |
2 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
47.0 |
-- (Anodontini
Gustafson & Iwamoto, 2005 [Publ 2741], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 4 |
4 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
46.0 |
+----- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +-- Gonideinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Patterson et al., 2021 [Publ 4222], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 4 |
4 |
2 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
46.0 |
-- (Ambleminae
Pfeiffer et al., 2018 [Publ 3835], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 4 |
4 |
2 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
47.0 |
-- (Quadrulini
Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2649], fig. 1_2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 4 |
4 |
2 |
2 |
7 |
1 |
1 |
42.0 |
+-- Unioninae **
--+
+-- Ambleminae **
Cyr et al., 2007 [Publ 2745], fig. 2D
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 4 |
4 |
2 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
47.0 |
-- (Pyganodon
Bulakhova et al., 2023 [Publ 4325], fig. 5
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 4 |
4 |
2 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
48.0 |
-- (Beringiana
Bolotov et al., 2016 [Publ 3743], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 4 |
4 |
2 |
2 |
26 |
10 |
1 |
45.0 |
+----- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +-- Ambleminae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Mezhzherin et al., 2014 [Publ 3705], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 4 |
4 |
2 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
48.0 |
-- (Anodontini
Bolotov et al., 2016 [Publ 3743], fig. 4
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 4 |
4 |
2 |
2 |
26 |
10 |
1 |
45.0 |
+----- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +-- Ambleminae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Mezhzherin et al., 2014 [Publ 3705], fig. 4
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 4 |
4 |
2 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
48.0 |
-- (Anodontini
Klishko et al., 2014 [Publ 3666], fig. 8
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 4 |
4 |
2 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
48.0 |
-- (Cristariina
Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 17
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 4 |
4 |
3 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
48.0 |
+-- Margaritiferidae
--+
+-- Gonideinae **
Krebs, 2004 [Publ 2692], fig. 2-M
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 4 |
4 |
2 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
42.0 |
+-- Unioninae **
--+
+-- Ambleminae **
Soroka, 2008 [Publ 3695], fig. 1-M
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 4 |
4 |
2 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
45.0 |
+-- Ambleminae **
--+
+-- Unioninae **
Sayenko et al., 2017 [Publ 3760], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 4 |
4 |
2 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
48.0 |
-- (Cristariina
Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 9
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 4 |
4 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
48.0 |
+-- Margaritiferidae
--+
+-- Unioninae **
Plazzi & Passamonti, 2010 [Publ 3354], fig. 2-3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 4 |
4 |
1 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
47.0 |
+-- Unioninae **
|
--+-- Ambleminae **
|
+-- Gonideinae **
Curole & Kocher, 2002 [Publ 2712], fig. 1a-M
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 4 |
4 |
2 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
47.0 |
+----- Quadrulini **
--+
| +-- Unioninae **
+--+
+-- Lampsilini **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2021 [Publ 4217], fig. 11
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 4 |
4 |
2 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
48.0 |
-- (Anodonta
Nagel et al., 1998 [Publ 1946], fig. 8
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 4 |
4 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
47.0 |
-- (Unio
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 9c
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 4 |
4 |
3 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
48.0 |
-- (Cristariina
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 9b
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 4 |
4 |
2 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
48.0 |
-- (Cristariina
Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 14
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 4 |
4 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
48.0 |
+-- Margaritiferidae
--+
+-- Gonideinae **
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 8a-M
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 3 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
45.0 |
-- (Unioninae
Huff et al., 2004 [Publ 2697], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 3 |
3 |
1 |
2 |
9 |
7 |
1 |
45.0 |
+----- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +-- Ambleminae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Zieritz et al., 2024 [Publ 4381], fig. 6A
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 3 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
47.0 |
-- (Rectidentini
Lopes-Lima et al., 2018 [Publ 3829], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 3 |
3 |
1 |
3 |
25 |
14 |
1 |
46.0 |
+-------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +----- Gonideinae **
+--+
| +-- Ambleminae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Huff et al., 2004 [Publ 2697], fig. 4
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 3 |
3 |
1 |
2 |
8 |
7 |
1 |
45.0 |
+----- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +-- Ambleminae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Froufe et al., 2014 [Publ 3592], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 3 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
47.0 |
-- (Anodontina
Huff et al., 2004 [Publ 2697], fig. 5-6
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 3 |
3 |
0 |
2 |
9 |
7 |
1 |
46.0 |
+----- Margaritiferidae
|
--+ +-- Unionini **
| |
+--+-- Anodontini **
|
+-- Ambleminae **
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 8b-M
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 3 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
45.0 |
-- (Unioninae
Shirai et al., 2010 [Publ 3353], fig. 4
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 3 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
47.0 |
-- (Gonideinae
Imsong & Murali, 2023 [Publ 4370], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 3 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
47.0 |
-- (Parreysiinae
Metzger et al., 2018 [Publ 3952], fig. 1C
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 3 |
3 |
1 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
44.0 |
+-- Unioninae **
--+
+-- Ambleminae **
Gomes-dos-Santos et al., 2019 [Publ 3943], fig. 1-M
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 3 |
3 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
3 |
1 |
45.0 |
+----- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +-- Gonideinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Krebs et al., 2019 [Publ 4092], fig. 4
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 3 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
46.0 |
-- (Pyganodon
Curole & Kocher, 2002 [Publ 2712], fig. 1-F
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 3 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
45.0 |
+-- Margaritiferidae
--+
+-- Ambleminae **
Combosch et al., 2017 [Publ 3806], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 3 |
3 |
1 |
3 |
12 |
1 |
1 |
46.0 |
+-------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +----- Unioninae **
+--+
| +-- Parreysiinae **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae **
Zhang et al., 2013 [Publ 4214], fig. 5
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 3 |
4 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
47.0 |
+-------- Cristaria **
--+
| +----- Sinanodonta **
+--+
| +-- Margaritiferidae
+--+
+-- Gonideinae **
Marshall et al., 2014 [Publ 3593], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 3 |
14 |
12 |
2 |
11 |
1 |
1 |
45.5 |
+-- Margaritiferidae
+--+
| +-- Unioninae **
--+
| +-- Ambleminae **
+--+
+-- Hyriidae
Hinzmann et al., 2013 [Publ 3541], fig. 5
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 3 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
47.0 |
-- (Anodontina
Wang et al., 2016 [Publ 3714], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 3 |
3 |
1 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
46.0 |
+-- Unioninae **
--+
+-- Gonideinae **
Xia et al., 2016 [Publ 3712], fig. 7B
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 3 |
3 |
1 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
46.0 |
+----- Sinanodonta **
--+
| +-- Cristaria **
+--+
+-- Gonideinae **
Giribet & Distel, 2003 [Publ 3670], fig. 3f5
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 3 |
3 |
0 |
2 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
46.0 |
+----- Margaritiferidae
|
--+ +-- Pleurobemini **
| |
+--+-- Lampsilini **
|
+-- Unioninae **
Smith & Johnson, 2020 [Publ 4229], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 3 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
47.0 |
-- (Potamilus
Combosch et al., 2017 [Publ 3806], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 3 |
3 |
1 |
3 |
12 |
1 |
1 |
46.0 |
+----- Unioninae **
--+
| +-- Ambleminae **
+--+
+-- Parreysiinae **
Peng et al., 2012 [Publ 3689], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 3 |
3 |
1 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
46.0 |
+-- Unioninae **
--+
+-- Gonideinae **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2016 [Publ 3757], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 3 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
47.0 |
-- (Anodontina
Kilikowska et al., 2020 [Publ 4335], fig. 4a
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 3 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
47.0 |
-- (Unio
Hoeh et al., 1996 [Publ 2694], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 3 |
3 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
44.0 |
+-- None__1
+--+
| +-- None__2
--+
| +-- Ambleminae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Gomes-dos-Santos et al., 2019 [Publ 3943], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 3 |
3 |
1 |
2 |
7 |
7 |
1 |
45.0 |
+----- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +-- Gonideinae **
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Plazzi & Passamonti, 2010 [Publ 3354], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 2 |
2 |
0 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
-- |
+-- Gonideinae **
--+
+-- Ambleminae **
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 5b-M
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 2 |
2 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
-- |
-- (Anodontini
Hoeh et al., 1998 [Publ 2695], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 2 |
3 |
0 |
2 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
45.0 |
+----- Unioninae **
--+
| +-- Margaritiferidae
+--+
+-- Ambleminae **
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 4-M
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 2 |
2 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
-- |
-- (Anodontini
Xue et al., 2016 [Publ 3659], fig. 1-M
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 2 |
2 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
-- |
-- (Ambleminae
Campbell, 2000 [Publ 2724], fig. 1-5
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 2 |
2 |
0 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
-- |
+----- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +-- Unioninae **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae **
Mock et al., 2004 [Publ 2686], fig. 4
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 2 |
2 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
-- |
-- (Anodontini
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 5a-M
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 2 |
2 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
-- |
-- (Anodontini
Taylor et al., 2007 [Publ 2696], fig. 1-3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 2 |
2 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
-- |
+-- Margaritiferidae
--+
+-- Unioninae **
Vikhrev et al., 2018 [Publ 3812], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 2 |
2 |
0 |
2 |
11 |
11 |
1 |
-- |
+----- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +-- Unioninae **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae **
Mock et al., 2004 [Publ 2686], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 2 |
2 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
-- |
-- (Anodontini
Hoeh et al., 1998 [Publ 2695], fig. 4
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 2 |
3 |
0 |
2 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
45.0 |
+----- Ambleminae **
--+
| +-- Margaritiferidae
+--+
+-- Unioninae **
Baker et al., 2003 [Publ 2690], fig. 5
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
7 |
0 |
0 |
-- |
-- Epioblasma_triquetra
Bieler et al., 2014 [Publ 3622], fig. 28
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
4 |
1 |
1 |
-- |
-- Unio_pictorum
Graf et al., 2015 [Publ 3619], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
19 |
1 |
1 |
-- |
+-- Unioninae **
--+
+-- Margaritiferidae
Lemer et al., 2019 [Publ 4093], fig. 1
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
5 |
1 |
1 |
-- |
+-- Margaritiferidae
--+
+-- Ambleminae **
Araujo et al., 2009 [Publ 2395], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
7 |
7 |
1 |
-- |
+-- Unioninae **
--+
+-- Margaritiferidae
Klunzinger et al., 2021 [Publ 4086], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
5 |
1 |
1 |
-- |
+-- Margaritiferidae
--+
+-- Unioninae **
Bolotov et al., 2015 [Publ 3646], fig. 2A
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
8 |
8 |
1 |
-- |
+-- Unioninae **
--+
+-- Margaritiferidae
Baker et al., 2004 [Publ 2685], fig. 2-3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
8 |
0 |
0 |
-- |
-- Epioblasma_triquetra
Araujo et al., 2016 [Publ 3746], fig. 1_2b
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
12 |
11 |
1 |
-- |
+-- Gonideinae **
--+
+-- Margaritiferidae
Bieler et al., 2014 [Publ 3622], fig. 26_27_29_30
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
4 |
1 |
1 |
-- |
-- Unio_pictorum
Inoue et al., 2013 [Publ 3579], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
8 |
8 |
1 |
-- |
+-- Unioninae **
--+
+-- Margaritiferidae
Bolotov et al., 2015 [Publ 3646], fig. 2B
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
8 |
8 |
1 |
-- |
+-- Unioninae **
--+
+-- Margaritiferidae
Takeuchi et al., 2015 [Publ 3661], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
9 |
8 |
1 |
-- |
+-- Ambleminae **
--+
+-- Margaritiferidae
Takeuchi et al., 2015 [Publ 3661], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
9 |
8 |
1 |
-- |
+-- Ambleminae **
--+
+-- Margaritiferidae
Machordom et al., 2003 [Publ 2688], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
3 |
3 |
1 |
-- |
+-- Gonideinae **
--+
+-- Margaritiferidae
González & Giribet, 2015 [Publ 3632], fig. 4
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
5 |
1 |
1 |
-- |
+-- Unioninae **
--+
+-- Margaritiferidae
Machordom et al., 2003 [Publ 2688], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
-- |
+-- Gonideinae **
--+
+-- Margaritiferidae
González & Giribet, 2015 [Publ 3632], fig. 6
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
5 |
1 |
1 |
-- |
-- Unio_pictorum
Välilä et al., 2017 [Publ 3793], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
-- |
+-- Gonideinae **
--+
+-- Margaritiferidae
González & Giribet, 2015 [Publ 3632], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
5 |
1 |
1 |
-- |
-- Unio_pictorum
González & Giribet, 2015 [Publ 3632], fig. 2
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
5 |
1 |
1 |
-- |
-- Unio_pictorum
Huff et al., 2004 [Publ 2697], fig. 3
| iT |
tT |
bi |
riS |
oT |
roT |
roS |
iD |
| 1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
7 |
6 |
1 |
-- |
+-- Unioninae **
--+
+-- Margaritiferidae
| 
